scholarly journals The Fallopian Tube of the Sheep. V. Secretion From the Ampullla and Isthmus

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Restall ◽  
RG Wales
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fallopian Tubes

The fallopian tubes of four ewes were cannulated so that secretions collected from the isthmus and ampulla of one side could be compared with the secretion from the other entire fallopian tube. Maximum fluid output from all sites occurred at oestrus and was least during the luteal phase of the cycle. Secretion from the ampulla was generally twice that from the isthmus.

Failure of sperm transport in relation to ewe infertility following prolonged grazing on oestrogenic pastures

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lightfoot ◽  
KP Croker ◽  
HG Neil
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Cervix Uterus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Sperm Transport ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
To Receive

Sixteen ewes were drawn from each of two ewe flocks, one of which had grazed on oestrogenic pastures for annual periods over the previous 5 years ("clover" treatment) while the other grazed on green oats ("oats" treatment). Fertility of ewes on the clover treatment had decreased progressively, whereas in those on the oats treatment it had remained high. Oestrous ewes were allocated alternately to receive either two or eight services then killed 24 hr post coitus and the numbers of sperm in the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes determined. There was no difference in ovarian activity between the two groups; however, highly significant differences were found in the numbers of sperm recovered from the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. Average sperm numbers per fallopian tube were 17,160 and 350 for ewes on the oats and clover treatments respectively. In addition to the reduction in sperm numbers, both the percentage of motile sperm flushed from the cervix and the proportion of recovered ova with sperm attached to the zona pellucida were lower in ewes on the clover treatment. The results suggest that primary failure of sperm transport in ewes on the clover treatment occurred when sperm did not enter the cervix in adequate numbers following service. The significance of these observations in relation to possible causal mechanisms is discussed.

scholarly journals IV. An account of two cases, in which ovules, or their remains, were discovered in the fallopian tubes of unimpregnated women who had died during the period of menstruation

1852 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Experimental Researches

The observations that have been made at various times, during the last thirty years, by Messrs. Power, Lee, Barry, Wharton Jones, Girdwood, and others in this country, together with the experimental researches of MM. Valentin, Gendrin, Wagner, Bischoff, Pouchet and Raciborski on the Continent, have, I think, clearly proved that the phenomena manifested during the period of the catamenia in women, are closely connected with those observed during the time of heat or rut in quadrupeds; and that both of these phenomena are dependent on one cause, namely, the maturation of ovules. But while this hypothesis has been very generally admitted, there is, I believe, a tendency in the minds of many physiologists of the present day, to doubt whether the ovules so matured are ever extruded from the ovary and carried into the Fallopian tubes, without the stimulus of impregnation, or, at any rate, without the congress of the male. In support of this view, or rather of these doubts, an appeal is often made to the fact, that an ovule has never yet been detected in either of the Fallopian tubes of a virgin, who has died during the period of the catamenia, notwithstanding that many subjects have been examined, that most careful search has been instituted, and that appearances have frequently been noticed indicating the recent rupture of a Graafian follicle. In point of fact, it is imagined by those who entertain such doubts, that the fecundation of the germ takes place while it is within the Graafian follicle, and consequently, that if the ovule fails to be the subject of impregnation it never quits the ovary, but perishes within its formative vesicle. On the other hand, the researches of Bischoff have led him to enunciate a law, the purport of which is the very reverse of the preceding; for he says, that “the ovules formed in the ovaries of females of the human species and of mammiferous animals, undergo a periodical maturation, quite independently of the male seminal fluid. At these periods, known as those of heat or the rut in animals, and menstruation in the human female, the ovules which have become mature, disengage themselves from the ovary and are extruded. If the union of the sexes takes place, the ovule is fecundated by the direct action of the semen upon it. If no union of the sexes occurs, the ovule is nevertheless extruded from the ovary, and enters the Fallopian tube, but there perishes.” The law, as thus expressed, is in conformity with the opinions entertained by Drs. Robert Lee, Paterson, Girdwood, Gendrin, Pouchet, Raciborski, Mr. Wharton Jones, and many other authorities of the present time. It is also in accordance with the more ancient doctrines of Malpighi, Sir Everard Home, and Dr. Power. Nevertheless, as the truth of this law, in its application to the human female, appears to be still open to the evidence of positive proof, I have thought it desirable to publish a report of the two following cases.

scholarly journals The Fallopian Tube of the Sheep Iv. The Metabolism of Ram Spermatozoa in the Presence of Fluid from the Fallopian Tube

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Restall ◽  
RG Wales
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Factorial Combination ◽  
Other Hand

Using isotopically labelled substrates, the metabolism of ram spermatozoa was examined in the presence of fluid from the fallopian tubes of normal ewes and spayed ewes receiving oestrogen and progesterone in factorial combination. The oxygen uptake of spermatozoa in tubal fluid was variable but was generally less than that of spermatozoa incubated in a saline diluent containing glucose (control). Due to the presence of lactate in the tubal fluids, the oxidation of added glucose by spermatozoa was consistently depressed when compared with the saline controls. On the other hand glucose utilization and lactate accumulation by spermatozoa were stimulated in the presence of tubal fluids in all experiments, the response being generally twice that of the controls. In addition, similar effects were found in fluids collected during two consecutive oestrous cycles.

scholarly journals Proportional vascularization along the fallopian tubes and ovarian fimbria: assessment by confocal microtomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Pedro Teixeira Castro ◽  
Osvaldo Luiz Aranda ◽  
Edson Marchiori ◽  
Luiz Felipe Bittencourt de Araújo ◽  
Haimon Diniz Lopes Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Iodine Staining ◽  
Important Relationship

Abstract Objective: To evaluate and reconstruct three-dimensional images of vascularization along the fallopian tube (FT), as well as to determine its relationship with the ovary and ovarian fimbria, and to quantify the blood vessels along the FT according to its anatomical segments, using confocal microtomography (micro-CT). Materials and Methods: Nine specimens (six FTs and three FTs with ovaries) were fixed in a solution of 10% formalin for > 24 h at room temperature. Iodine staining was performed by soaking the specimens in 10% Lugol’s solution for 24 h. All specimens were evaluated using micro-CT. A morphometric analysis was performed on the reconstructed images to quantify the vascular distribution along the FT. Results: In the FTs evaluated, the density of blood vessels was significantly greater in the fimbrial segments than in the isthmic segments (p < 0.05). The ovarian fimbria was clearly identified, demonstrating the important relationship between these vessels and the FT fimbriae. Conclusion: We believe that the vascularization in the fimbriae is greater than and disproportional that in the other segments of FT, and that the ovarian fimbria plays an important role in the development of that difference.

scholarly journals On the Value of rectal exploration as an Aid to Diagnosis in Diseases of children. Tuberculosis of the Uterus or Adnexa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-348
Author(s):  
M. Ginzburg
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pelvic Cavity ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
The Brain

Tuberculosis of the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries very rare in children, so rare that D-r. S. remembers all these cases both clinical and postmortem. There are also very few of these drugs in museums. In Guy's Hospital, there are only 2 of them: one is the Fallopian tube, stretched by cheese-like masses, the other is the brain and lungs. Choffey reported one case of uterine tuberculosis in a 4-year-old girl who died of general tuberculosis; Silcock in a 5-year-old girl, both in 1885, Dr Cheatle at an autopsy of a 21-month-old girl, found pyosalpinx communicating with a purulent pelvic cavity, where there was pus near the drachm.

Urinary melatonin, LH, oestradiol, progesterone excretion during the menstrual cycle or in women taking oral contraceptives

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Brun ◽  
Bruno Claustrat ◽  
Michel David
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Nocturnal urinary excretion of melatonin, LH, progesterone and oestradiol was measured by radioimmunoassay in nine normal women during a complete cycle. In addition, these hormonal excretions were studied in two women taking an oral contraceptive. A high within-subject coefficient of variation was observed for melatonin excretion in the two groups. In the nine normal cycling women, melatonin excretion was not decreased at the time of ovulation, but was significantly increased during the luteal phase compared with that of the follicular phase (P < 0.01). These data are consistent with a positive relationship between melatonin and progesterone during the luteal phase. In the two women under an oral contraceptive, melatonin excretion was found within the same range as for the other nine. The results are discussed in terms of pineal investigation in human.

Morphological differences of the fallopian tube ampoule in young and old age

2022 ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
И.А. Баландина ◽  
А.М. Некрасова ◽  
А.А. Баландин
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Muscle Membrane ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Morphological Differences

Работа основана на морфологическом исследовании ампул маточных труб 130 рожавших женщин молодого и старческого возраста. Применены макрометрический, гистологический, иммуногистохимический и микрометрический методы исследования. Выявлены закономерности возрастной морфологической изменчивости ампулы маточной трубы, проявляющиеся в уменьшении параметров их длины, а также наружных диаметров в середине ампулы и в местах перехода перешейка в ампулу и ампулы в воронку от молодого возраста к старческому возрасту. Гистоархитектоника ампул маточных труб у женщин в старческом возрасте характеризуется уплощением эпителия слизистой оболочки, образующей обилие близлежащих утолщенных складок, формирующих неравномерное сужение просвета ампулы. Определяется истончение мышечной оболочки с разрастанием вместо нее соединительной ткани и скоплением адипоцитов в подсерозной основе. В старческом возрасте отмечается более выраженная экспрессия виментина, прослеживающаяся не только в эндотелии и субэндотелиальном слое кровеносных сосудов, включая капилляры, но и в отдельных фибробластах. Установлено, что особенности микрометрических характеристик ампул маточных труб заключаются в уменьшении внутреннего периметра эпителиальной выстилки и площади просвета, наряду с увеличением площади их стенки при срединном сечении, в старческом возрасте в сравнении с молодым. The work is based on a morphological study of ampoules of the fallopian tubes of 130 young and senile women who gave birth. Macrometric, histological, immunohistochemical and micrometric methods of investigation were applied. The regularities of age-related morphological variability of the fallopian tube ampoule are revealed, which are manifested in a decrease in the parameters of their length, as well as external diameters in the middle of the ampoule and at the places of transition of the isthmus into the ampoule and ampoule into the funnel from young age to old age. Histoarchitectonics of ampoules of the fallopian tubes in women in old age is characterized by flattening of the epithelium of the mucous membrane, which forms an abundance of nearby thickened folds that form an uneven narrowing of the lumen of the ampoule. The thinning of the muscle membrane is determined with the growth of connective tissue instead of it and the accumulation of adipocytes in the subserose base. In old age, there is a more pronounced expression of vimentin, which can be traced not only in the endothelium and subendothelial layer of blood vessels, including capillaries, but also in individual fibroblasts. It was found that the features of the micrometric characteristics of the fallopian tube ampoules consist in a decrease in the inner perimeter of the epithelial lining and the lumen area, along with an increase in the area of their wall at the median cross-section in old age compared with young age.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITY FOR NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS IN WOMEN AT RISK DURING PREGRAVID PREPARATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Olena О. Taranovska ◽  
Volodymyr К. Likhachov ◽  
Ludmyla М. Dobrovolska ◽  
Oleg G. Makarov ◽  
Yanina V. Shymanska
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Menstrual Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: Detection and treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) is clinically significant, though involves intrauterine intervention to collect endometrium. The aim: To estimate the possibility to use fertility α2-microglobulin (FAMG) as the marker of the high risk for CE. Materials and methods: 70 women with CE who were planning pregnancy were tested for FAMG in menstrual blood. 40 of them received treatment of CE. The other 30 women refused from the proposed treatment. The control group involved 30 women who had neither CE nor luteal phase deficiency (LPD). Additional group (20 women) had LPD without CE. Results: The decrease of FAMG by 2.4 times was noted in women with CE (16.3 ± 3.9 μg/ml against 39.8 ± 8.3 μg/ml in the controls). In LPD the index was 5.6 times lower. After treatment the level of FAMG was increasing. Conclusions: The decrease of the amount of FAMG in menstrual blood is specific for women both with CE and LPD. Detection of abnormally low rates of FAMG in all women with CE enables, with the exception of absolute hypoprogesteronemia and LPD, using it as a simple method of estimation of the functional state of endometrium. Its application can be very useful both for non-invasive diagnosis of CE and subsequent evaluation of treatment of this pathology.

scholarly journals Ectopic Pregnancy in Two Cats

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Jia-San Zheng ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Jia-Ren Zhang ◽  
Shuang Qiu ◽  
Ren-Yue Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Tubal Pregnancy ◽  
Abdominal Pregnancy ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Gestational Sac ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Background: Ectopic pregnancy mainly refers to tubal pregnancy and abdominal pregnancy. Tubal pregnancy presents as an implanted embryo that develops in the fallopian tubes, and is relatively common in humans. In animals, tubal pregnancy occurs primarily in primates, for example monkeys. The probability of a tubal pregnancy in non-primate animals is extremely low. Abdominal pregnancy is a type of ectopic pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterus, fallopian tube, ovary, and ligament(broad ligament, ovarian ligament, suspensory ligament).This paper describes two cases of ectopic pregnancy in cats.Cases: Cat 1. The presenting sign was a significant increase in abdominal circumference. The age and immune and sterilization status of the cat were unknown. On palpation, a 4 cm, rough, oval-shaped, hard mass was found in the posterior abdomen. Radiographic examination showed three high-density images in the posterior abdomen. The fetus was significantlycalcified and some feces was evident in the colon. The condition was preliminarily diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy. Cat 2. The owner of a 2-year-old British shorthair cat visited us because of a hard lump in the cat’s abdomen. The cat had a normal diet and was drinking normally. Routine immunization and insect repulsion had been implemented. The cat had naturally delivered five healthy kittens two months previous. Radiographs showed an oval-shaped mass with a clear edge in the middle abdominal cavity. Other examinations were normal. The case was preliminarily diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy, and the pregnancy was surgically terminated. The ectopic pregnancies were surgically terminated. During surgery, the structures of the uterus and ovary of cat 1 were found to be intact and the organs were in a normal physiological position.Cat 1 was diagnosed with primary abdominal pregnancy. In cat 2, the uterus left side was small and the fallopian tube on the same side was both enlarged and longer than normal. Immature fetuses were found in the gestational sac. Thus, cat 2 was diagnosed with tubal ectopic pregnancy based on the presenting pathology.Discussion: Cats with ectopic pregnancies generally show no obvious clinical symptoms. The ectopic fetus can remain within the body for several months or even years. Occasionally, necrotic ectopic tissues or mechanical stimulation of the ectopic fetus can lead to a systemic inflammatory response, loss of appetite, and apathy. The two cats in our reportshowed no significant clinical symptoms. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of the development of an ectopic fetus to maturity, within the abdominal cavity of felines, because the placenta of cats cannot support the growth and development of the fetus outside of the uterus. Secondary abdominal ectopic pregnancy, lacking any signs of uterine rupture is likely associated with the strong regenerative ability of uterine muscles. A damaged uterus or fallopian tube can quickly recover and rarely leaves scar tissue. In the present report, cat 1 showed no apparent scar tissue, nor signs of a ruptured ovary or fallopian tubes. It was diagnosed with primary ectopic abdominal pregnancy, which could arise from the descent of the fertilized egg from the fallopian tube into the abdominal cavity. There was an abnormal protrusion in left of the fallopian tubes in cat 2, to which the gestational sac was directly connected. Based on pathological examination of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and gestational sac, the cat was diagnosed with a tubal pregnancy. Placental tissues and signs of fetal calcification were observed in both the fallopian tube and gestational sac.Keywords: tubal pregnancy, abdominal pregnancy, feline, ectopic fetus, fallopian tube, gestational sac.

Memoirs: The Development of the Mole (Talpa Europea), the Ovarian Ovum, and Segmentation of the Ovum

1886 ◽  
Vol s2-26 (102) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
WALTER HEAPE
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Zona Radiata ◽  
Polar Bodies ◽  
Nucleolar Material ◽  
Female Pronucleus

The membranes surrounding the ripe ovarian, ovum are two: (1) a single outer, thick, zona radiata, with a granular peripheral and a transparent inner portion, pierced radially by fine canals through which nutriment is obtained by the ovum from, the follicular cells (of the discus proligerus) immediately in contact with the zona: (2) an inner very delicate vitelline membrane which closely covers the ovum itself; and between these membranes is a space, the circum-vitelline space. The confirmation of Reichert's (No. 18), Meyer's (No. 17), and van Beneden's (No. 4) observations as to the presence of the inner delicate vitelline membrane appears of some interest as many embryologists are still sceptical of its existence, while the relation of the follicular cells with the radial canals of the zona supports the view as to the source of the nutriment of the ovarian ovum. On the other hand the fact that nothing was seen comparable to a micropyle in the zona, such as M. Barry (No. 3), and Meissner (No. 16), described, nor any follicular cells within the zona such as Lindgren (No. 15), von Sehlen (No. 21), and Virchow (No. 22), have observed, is some further proof that the conditions of the material investigated by these authors was abnormal. The yolk contained within the ovum, which is of two kinds: viz. (1) homogeneous vesicular bodies, (2) minute highly refractile granules, is contained within the meshes of a protoplasmic reticulum; it is dense and contains no large globules such as Beneden (Nos. 6 and 7) describes in theBat's ova. The rounded or oval nucleus contains a single centrally placed nucleolus and a variable number of smaller or larger granules, which may possibly be considered as nucleolar material. During maturation the vitellus becomes divided into a medullary granular, and a cortical non-granular portion, the circum-vitelline space between the zona radiata and the vitelline membrane is enlarged, while the vitellus itself contracts away from the vitelline membrane excepting (1) here and there where pseudopodia-like processes connect the two, and (2) at one spot where the polar bodies are formed. At this latter place two polar bodies may be seen in the specimen figured, outside the vitelline membrane, whilst the nucleus remains as the female pronucleus lying in the peripheral portion of the ovum. Finally, the vitellus again expands and the nucleus retires to the centre of the ovum and is no longer to be seen. Assuming that these observations are correct, Beneden's description of the ejection of the vesicle to form the polar bodies and the subsequent non-nucleated condition of the ovum must be considered erroneous. Impregnation appears to be effected by a single spermatazoon, although a considerable number of spermatazoa find their way through the zona and may be seen lying passively in the circumvitelline space. The segmentation occurs while the ovum travels down the Fallopian tube. Two and then four segments are formed, after which the course of segmentation is irregular. The segments themselves are of irregular size and do not appear to be divisible into two kinds (epiblastic and hypoblastic) as Beneden describes. After its entrance into the uterus, a division of the segments into an outer hyaline layer and inner deeply granular mass takes place, and I would suggest the hypothesis that the vitelline matter which was originally contained in all segments alike has been transmitted from the outer segments to the segments lying in the interior of the ovum, in order that the former segments may the more readily and actively multiply and flatten out to form the wall of the blastodermic vesicle. The epiblast of the vesicle and of the embryo is derived from the whole of the outer layer and by far the largest proportion of the inner mass of segments. The hypoblast is derived from the small remaining portion of the inner mass and the mesablast, subsequently, from both epiblast and hypoblast layers. This being the case, the division of the segmentation spheres, by Beneden, into epiblast and hypoblast spheres from the time when the first two segments were formed, is incorrect; and at the same time the theory of a comparison of the metagastrula stage with the gastrula of other animals is likewise untenable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document