scholarly journals Antithyroid Activity of Onion Volatiles

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Cowan ◽  
AR Saghir ◽  
JP Salji
Keyword(s):  
Allyl Alcohol ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Antithyroid Activity ◽  
Great Headed Garlic ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Onion Volatiles ◽  
Common Onion

In a previous communication (Saghir, Cowan, and Salji 1966) data were presented which showed that n-propyl disulphide, the major volatile constituent of common onion (Allium cepa) , inhibited thyroid activity in the rat. In the present paper, results are reported from further studies on the possible antithyroid activity of four other volatile compounds of Allium: methyl disulphide, allyl disulphide, allyl alcohol, and allyl monosulphide. Along with the n-propyl disulphide previously studied, these four compounds constitute the major volatile constituents of common onion; however, they are present also in other Allium species. Saghir, Mann, Bernhard, and Jacobsen (1964) found that methyl disulphide is the main component of rakkyo (A. chinense) and Chinese chives (A. tuberosum), both favourite food onions in China and Japan. In addition, the American wild Allium species emanate a preponderance of methyl sulphides when the tissues are injured (Saghir, Mann, Ownbey, and Berg 1966). Garlic (A. sativum) and great-headed garlic (A. ampeloprasum) have high proportions of allyl disulphide in their odour; furthermore, allyl monosulphide and allyl alcohol were reported recently as volatiles produced by Allium (Bernhard, Saghir, Jacobsen, and Mann 1964).

scholarly journals Comparison of Organosulfur and Amino Acid Composition between Triploid Onion Allium cornutum Clementi ex Visiani, 1842, and Common Onion Allium cepa L., and Evidences for Antiproliferative Activity of Their Extracts

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željana Fredotović ◽  
Barbara Soldo ◽  
Matilda Šprung ◽  
Zvonimir Marijanović ◽  
Igor Jerković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Common Onion

Species that belong to the genus Allium have been widely used for human food and traditional medicine. Their beneficial health effects, as well as the specific aroma, are associated with their bioactive chemical compounds, such as sulfur compounds and flavonoids. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (reverse-phase HPLC) were used to identify organosulfur and amino acid content of triploid hybrid onion, Allium cornutum Clement ex Visiani, 1842, and common onion, Allium cepa L. Allium extracts were tested for their antiproliferative activity in three human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HCT116, and U2OS). DNA fragmentation and DAPI staining analysis were performed on HeLa cells to evaluate the effect of extracts on DNA damage and cell morphology. The mRNA expression of p53, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes involved in apoptosis were analyzed by real-time PCR. Using GC–MS, 27 compounds were found in two Allium species headspaces. Differences were noted among the main compound abundance in the headspace (although the major thiols and disulfides were qualitatively identic in both Allium species) and dipropyl disulfide, diisopropyl trisulfide, and (Z)-prop-1-enyl propyl trisulfide were predominant sulfides. Identification of amino acids and their quantities were determined by reverse-phase HPLC. Most abundant amino acids in both onions were arginine (Arg) and glutamic acid (Glu). The results of cytotoxicity testing confirmed antiproliferative effects of both species. The DNA fragmentation assay, DAPI staining and real time PCR analysis confirmed that A. cornutum and A. cepa extracts induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. This study presents the evidence for possible therapeutic use of A. cornutum and A. cepa extracts against human cervical carcinoma cell line.

STUDIES ON THE ANTITHYROID ACTIVITY OF NATURALLY OCCURRING L-5-VINYL-2-THIOOXAZOLIDONE AND ITS URINARY METABOLITE IN RATS

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Langer ◽  
N. Michajlovskij
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Chromatographic Paper ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Antithyroid Activity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Uv Absorption Spectrum

ABSTRACT Rats were force fed a single dose of 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280 and 2560 μg L-5-vinyl-2-thiooxazolidone (VTO) and injected with 131I one hour later. The 131I uptake, biosynthesis of thyroid hormones and PB131I were measured 4 h after the administration of 131I. Under these conditions, a higher antithyroidal effect with VTO was found in rats fed a normal diet (ND) for 10 days before the experiment as compared with rats fed a low iodinediet (LID) for the same period. The results are described in detail. Similar doses of VTO were force fed to groups of rats fed LID daily for 20 days. The animals received 1 μCi 125I per 15 ml of drinking water for 30 days before sacrifice. One hour after the last dose of VTO they were injected with μCi 131I and killed 4 h later. In addition to the parameters presented above the thyroid weight, total 125I in the thyroid and PB125I were measured. The inhibition of thyroid activity was in direct relation to the dose of VTO administered. Finally, ethereal extracts of urine of rats kept in metabolic cages and force fed a single dose of 10 mg VTO were prepared and the dried extract was dissolved in methanol and applied to the chromatographic paper. In two chromatographic systems (1. water saturated chloroform, 2. n-butanol:acetic acid:water) two compounds were detected, one of which (Compound A) was chromatographically identical with VTO and the other (Compound B) was unknown. The Compound B was extracted from chromatograms, its UV-absorption spectrum was measured and its antithyroid activity was tested in rats. The 131I uptake was significantly inhibited following a single administration of 640 μg Compound B.

scholarly journals Shallots in Croatia – genetics, morphology and nomenclature

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasna Puizina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Triploid Hybrid ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fertile Seed ◽  
Normal Meiosis ◽  
Common Onion

Abstract - The term 'shallot' in Croatia denotes three genetically and morphologically different, vegetatively reproduced relatives of the common onion, Allium cepa L., which are mainly traditionally cultivated for consumption and as a spice: A. cepa Aggregatum group, (2n = 2x = 16), A. × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. (2n = 2x = 16) and A. × cornutum Clementi ex Vis. (2n = 3x = 24). This paper reviews the results of studies of their morpho- -anatomical characteristics and genetic structure. Although all three taxa were determined as varieties of the common onion, only the shallot A. cepa Aggregatum group (syn. A. ascalonicum L.) belongs to that species. The shallot A. × proliferum represents a hybrid between the two closely related species, A. cepa and A. fistulosum L. The third form of shallot, A. × cornutum is a still incompletely understood triploid hybrid between A. cepa and one or two closely related Allium species, whose identity has not been fully elucidated. In contrast to shallot A. cepa Aggregatum group, which has normal meiosis and produces fertile seed, hybrid shallots A. × proliferum and A. × cornutum are sterile, and reproduce exclusively vegetatively by underground bulbs or bulbils from the inflorescence.

Total etch dentin bonding systems: scanning electron microscopy of the resin-dentin hybrid layer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1092-1093
Author(s):  
Jorge Perdigao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Mechanical Interlocking ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Acid Agent ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Bonding Systems ◽  
New Generation

In 1955, Buonocore introduced the etching of enamel with phosphoric acid. Bonding to enamel was created by mechanical interlocking of resin tags with enamel prisms. Enamel is an inert tissue whose main component is hydroxyapatite (98% by weight). Conversely, dentin is a wet living tissue crossed by tubules containing cellular extensions of the dental pulp. Dentin consists of 18% of organic material, primarily collagen. Several generations of dentin bonding systems (DBS) have been studied in the last 20 years. The dentin bond strengths associated with these DBS have been constantly lower than the enamel bond strengths. Recently, a new generation of DBS has been described. They are applied in three steps: an acid agent on enamel and dentin (total etch technique), two mixed primers and a bonding agent based on a methacrylate resin. They are supposed to bond composite resin to wet dentin through dentin organic component, forming a peculiar blended structure that is part tooth and part resin: the hybrid layer.

Fishing with cormorants

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE E. JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
China And Japan

Using cormorants to catch fishes has been a means of livelihood in China and Japan for centuries. As a sport enjoyed by fishermen it has been practised in the West only intermittently. The methods of training the birds which were used in each country, both in the east and the west, varied considerably, although all the training was based on the cormorant's natural ability to swim underwater in the pursuit of fishes, to catch hold of one in the notched beak and carry it to the surface. Left to its own devices, the cormorant then manoeuvres the fish in order to swallow it whole, head first. While it is chasing the fishes underwater, a shoal is dispersed in panic and some rise to the surface, an advantage exploited by the Italian sport of shooting fishes raised by the cormorants. In other countries cormorants arc trained to bring the fish to the fisherman's hand.

STUDIES ON DIURNAL VARIATION IN THYROID ACTIVITY

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Walser ◽  
H. Lüthy ◽  
H. R. Jenzer
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Thyroid Activity

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IODINE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY, SPORADIC GOITRE AND THYROTOXICOSIS

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Aboul-Khair ◽  
J. Crooks
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Studies of iodine metabolism have been carried out in 15 pregnant women, 33 cases with sporadic goitre and 11 with thyrotoxicosis. A low plasma inorganic iodine was common to the three groups. In pregnancy and sporadic goitre the thyroid clearance of iodine was elevated and the absolute iodine uptake normal. A high thyroid clearance of iodine in thyrotoxicosis was associated with a high absolute iodine uptake. The results suggest that both pregnancy and sporadic goitre are physiological responses to an iodine deficiency state while the iodine deficiency state of thyrotoxicosis is secondary to increased thyroid activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document