scholarly journals Products of Anaerobic Metabolism of Tetrathionate by Thiobacillus X

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Trudinger
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Growth History ◽  
Major Reaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elementary Sulphur

Under anaerobic conditions tetl'athionate was metabolized by washed cells of Thiobacillus X to thiosulphat,e, sulphate, and smnll amounts of trithionate and pentathionate. Depending upon the growth history of the cells large amounts of either elementary sulphur or higher polythionates were also former1. Some oxidation of the inner sulphur of tetrathionate occurred during tho metabolism of t�etra� thionate under nitrogen. The quantitative relationships between the amounts of tetrathionate metabolized and the products suggested that a major reaction was hydrolysis according to the equation:

scholarly journals Orbital Tumour: Thirty Years' Growth; History of Injury

BMJ ◽  
1896 ◽  
Vol 1 (1833) ◽  
pp. 397-397
Author(s):  
J. B. Ridley
Keyword(s):  
Orbital Tumour ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Effects of Dinitrophenol and Oligomycin on the Coupling between Anaerobic Metabolism and Anaerobic Sodium Transport by the Isolated Turtle Bladder

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal S. Bricker ◽  
Saulo Klahr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Anaerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Anaerobic System ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase Activity

Dinitrophenol (1 x 10-5 M) has been found to inhibit anaerobic sodium transport by the isolated urinary bladder of the fresh water turtle. Concurrently, anaerobic glycolysis was stimulated markedly. However, tissue ATP levels diminished only modestly, remaining at approximately 75% of values observed under anaerobic conditions without DNP. The utilization of glucose (from endogenous glycogen) corresponded closely to that predicted from the molar quantities of lactate formed. Thus the glycolytic pathway was completed in the presence of DNP and if ATP were synthesized normally during glycolysis, synthesis should have been increased. On the other hand, the decrease in Na transport should have decreased ATP utilization. Oligomycin did not block sodium transport either aerobically or anaerobically, but ATP concentrations did decrease. When anaerobic glycolysis was blocked by iodoacetate, pyruvate did not sustain sodium transport thus suggesting that no electron acceptors were available in the system. Two explanations are entertained for the anaerobic effect of DNP: (a) Stimulation by DNP of plasma membrane as well as mitochondrial ATPase activity; (b) inhibition of a high energy intermediate derived from glycolytic ATP or from glycolysis per se. The arguments relevant to each possibility are presented in the text. Although definitive resolution is not possible, we believe that the data favor the hypothesis that there was a high energy intermediate in the anaerobic system and that this intermediate, rather than ATP, served as the immediate source of energy for the sodium pump.

Metabolic and Tissue Solute Changes Associated With Changes in the Freezing Tolerance of the Bivalve Mollusc Modiolus Demissus

1977 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
DENNIS J. MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

1. A physiological mechanism responsible for increasing the freezing tolerance of the bivalve Modiolus demissus (Dillwyn) following low-temperature acclimation was demonstrated. 2. The rates of oxygen consumption of M. demissus acclimated to temperatures between 0 and 24 °C were presented as an Arrhenius plot. A change in slope occurred at 10 °C, suggesting that temperature alone was not responsible for the increased decline in the rate of oxygen consumption below 10 °C. 3. Low-temperature acclimation had no effect on blood Na+ or K+ concentrations but did reduce the concentration of blood Mg2+ and, in addition, resulted in the accumulation of end-products characteristic of anaerobic metabolism - tissue alanine and proline, and blood Ca2+. Furthermore, maintenance of M. demissus under anaerobic conditions increased freezing tolerance. 4. Taken together, these data indicate that the increased freezing tolerance of M. demissus acclimated to low temperatures involves a conversion to anaerobic metabolism. 5. The increase in blood Ca2+ following low-temperature acclimation was associated with the increased freezing tolerance. Finally, Mg2+ simulated the effect of Ca2+ on freezing tolerance, but was only 20% as effective. 6. These results suggest that a Ca2+-dependent mechanism responsible for increasing the freezing tolerance of M. demissus exists, and that the increase in blood Ca2+ is due to a conversion to anaerobic metabolism.

Examples of twinning and parallel growth in zircons from some Precambrian granites and gneisses

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (305) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jocelyn ◽  
R. T. Pidgeon
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transverse Fractures ◽  
Parallel Growth

SummaryGrowth twins, parallel growths, and necked crystals are described from zircon populations from granitic gneisses from the Precambrian of SW. Greenland. From observations of the distribution of internal growth zones it is concluded that whereas twinning takes place early in the growth history of elbow twins it can occur at any time during crystallization of the zircon. Parallel growth is attributed to a process of synneusis or attachment of zircons that have initially undergone separate growth histories. This implies that viscosity conditions of the rocks were low enough to permit the movement and collision of growing zircon crystals. The common occurrence of zircons with central constrictions, sometimes superimposed on transverse fractures, in zircon suites from the granitic gneisses is explained in terms of late-stage chemical corrosion accompanied by brittle fracturing.

scholarly journals 8200‐year growth history of a Lahontan‐age lacustrine tufa deposit

Sedimentology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2169-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Demott ◽  
Christopher A. Scholz ◽  
Christopher K. Junium
Keyword(s):  
Growth History ◽  
History Of

Growth History of Sphalerite in a Modern Sea Floor Hydrothermal Chimney Revealed by Electron Backscattered Diffraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yu Hu ◽  
Stephen J. Barnes ◽  
A. Matthew Glenn ◽  
Anais Pagès ◽  
Joanna Parr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of
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