Diet selection by sheep grazing Phalaris aquatica L. pastures of differing water-soluble carbohydrate content

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Ciavarella ◽  
H. Dove ◽  
B. J. Leury ◽  
R. J. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Diet Selection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phalaris Aquatica ◽  
Fibre Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Reporting Data ◽  
Selection Of

A short-term shading treatment was used to create a Phalaris aquatica L. pasture with alternating strips of ‘low’ [62 mg/g dry matter (DM)] and ‘high’ (126 mg/g DM) water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration. Analyses showed that starch and all components of the WSC were reduced in concentration by shading. The shaded and unshaded pasture strips did not differ significantly in in vitro DM digestibility (84% DM), nitrogen (3.1% DM), or neutral detergent fibre concentration (42.4% DM). Synthetic alkanes were applied to the pasture strips as markers to measure the selection of the shaded and unshaded pasture by sheep. When 12–13-month-old Merino wethers were given simultaneous access to both pasture treatments, they selected 2.6-fold more unshaded (high WSC) pasture than shaded pasture. The results indicate the involvement of herbage total WSC and its components in the process of diet selection by sheep, and suggest that in future studies, more attention should be paid to reporting data for total WSC concentration.

The impact of hexose partitioning in sheep in vivo

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 157-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Moss ◽  
C. J. Newbold ◽  
D.I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
The Impact

Methane production represents an important sink for hydrogen within the rumen Beever (1993) suggested that the partitioning of fermentable dry matter (DM) between microbial synthesis and fermentation products would alter the pattern of hydrogen production and hence methanogenesis. This hypothesis was investigated in vitro using a range of diets varying in carbohydrate source (Moss et al., 2000). Methane production (moles) increased as the proportion of DM fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFA) increased and this was related to decreasing water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) to cell wall (NDF) ratio of the diet. The objectives of the current study was to design diets with a range of WSC:NDF ratios and to measure the impact on hexose partitioning and methane production in sheep in vivo.

scholarly journals Interactive Short-term Effects of Waterlogging and Salinity Stress on Growth and Carbohydrate, Lipid Peroxidation, and Nutrients in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujie Yin ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
Yiwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Waterlogging can occur in salt-affected turfgrass sites. The objective of this study was to characterize growth and carbohydrate, lipid peroxidation, and nutrient levels in the leaves and roots of two perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivars (Catalina and Inspire) to short-term simultaneous waterlogging and salinity stress. Previous research showed that ‘Catalina’ was relatively more tolerant to salinity but less tolerant to submergence than ‘Inspire’. Both cultivars were subjected to 3 and 7 days of waterlogging (W), salinity [S (300 mm NaCl)], and a combination of the two stresses (WS). Across the two cultivars, W alone had little effect on the plants, while both S and WS alone significantly decreased plant height (HT), leaf fresh weight (LFW), leaf dry weight (LDW), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), leaf nitrogen (LN) and carbon (LC), and leaf and root K+ (RK+), and increased leaf water-soluble carbohydrate (LWSC) and root water-soluble carbohydrate (RWSC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and Na+ content, compared with the control. A decline in chlorophyll content (Chl) was found only at 7 days of WS. Leaf phosphorus (LP) content either decreased or remained unchanged but root phosphorus content increased under S and WS. Reductions in LFW and LDW were found at 3 days of S and WS, whereas RFW and RDW were unaffected until 7 days of S or WS. Both cultivars responded similarly to W, S, and WS with a few exceptions on RDW, LWSC, leaf MDA (LMDA), and root MDA (RMDA). Although WS caused declines in Chl and resulted in higher leaf Na+ (LNa+) and root Na+ (RNa+) than S at 7 days of treatment, S and WS had similar effects on growth, carbohydrate, MDA, N, C, and phosphorus, and K+ content across the two cultivars. The results suggested that S alone largely accounted for the negative effects of WS on plant growth and physiology including alteration of carbohydrate and nutrient content as well as induction of lipid peroxidation.

Effect of spraytopping applications of paraquat and glyphosate on the nutritive value and regeneration of vulpia (Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray)

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Leys ◽  
BR Cullis ◽  
B Plater
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration ◽  
Earlier Application

The effects of paraquat and glyphosate on the nutritive value of dry residues of vulpia [Vulpia bromoides (L.) S. F. Gray], and its subsequent regeneration the following year were examined at Wagga Wagga during the spring, summer and winter of 1986/87 and 1987/88. Paraquat (100 and 200 g a.i./ha) and glyphosate (135 and 270 g a.i./ha) were applied as spraytopping treatments at heading, anthesis and early grain filling stages of vulpia. For both herbicides, time of application was critical to the level of regeneration obtained. Glyphosate gave 84 and 83% control when applied at heading and anthesis respectively, delaying application until early grain filling reduced the level of vulpia control to 28%. Paraquat gave 81% control when applied at anthesis, while delaying application until early grain filling, or earlier application at heading, gave 59% control. Crude protein (CP) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations, and in vitro organic matter digestibilities (OMD) were measured in vulpia residues collected for 16 weeks after herbicide application. Paraquat increased CP levels most when applied at heading (from 4-8 to 7.2% in 1986, and from 4.9 to 6.5% in 1987). Glyphosate increased CP levels most when applied at heading in 1986 (from 4.8 to 5.4%), but at anthesis in 1987 (from 4.9 to 6.5%). Glyphosate increased WSC most when applied at heading (from 5.7 to 10.6% in 1986, and from 3.5 to 6.3% in 19871, while paraquat reduced WSC in both years. Application of glyphosate at heading was the only treatment to increase OMD (from 50.5 to 54.7%).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document