Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) II. Leaf gas exchange, plant water status, and nitrogen accumulation

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Davies ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
M. Dracup
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Leaf Water Status

Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) may have potential as a legume crop in waterlogging-prone areas of Western Australia. To elucidate the physiological response of yellow lupin and the widely grown narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) to transient waterlogging we conducted experiments in controlled environments. Narrow-leafed lupin and yellow lupin were grown in pots and waterlogged for 14 days from 28 to 42, or 56 to 70 days after sowing, each being followed by a 14-day recovery period. Root and shoot growth responses, leaf gas exchange, water relations, and N accumulation were assessed. During the period of waterlogging, net nitrogen accumulation ceased in both species at both ages. During recovery, yellow lupin accumulated more nitrogen than narrow-leafed lupin. Waterlogging reduced leaf gas exchange more with older plants than with younger plants, and more so with narrow-leafed lupin than yellow lupin. Some components of leaf gas exchange, particularly leaf conductance, were reduced by up to 80%. Waterlogging had no effect on leaf water potential of yellow lupin but reduced it in narrow-leafed lupin, from about –450 to –1100 kPa, especially during the recovery period. Yellow lupin was more adapted to transient waterlogging than narrow-leafed lupin because it maintained its leaf water status, it accumulated more nitrogen during recovery, and its photosynthetic activity recovered quickly afterremoval of waterlogging.

scholarly journals Seasonal leaf gas exchange and water potential in a woody cerrado species community

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis Prado ◽  
Zhang Wenhui ◽  
Manuel Humberto Cardoza Rojas ◽  
Gustavo Maia Souza
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Mean Values

Predawn leaf water potential (psipd) and morning values of leaf gas exchange, as net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), and morning leaf water potential (psimn) were determined seasonally in 22 woody cerrado species growing under natural conditions. Despite the lower mean values of psipd in the dry season (-0.35 ± 0.23 MPa) compared to the wet season (-0.08 ± 0.03 MPa), the lowest psipd in the dry season (-0.90 ± 0.00 MPa) still showed a good nocturnal leaf water status recovery for all species studied through out the year. Mean gs values dropped 78 % in the dry season, when the vapor pressure of the air was 80% greater than in the wet season. This reduction in gs led to an average reduction of 33% in both A and E, enabling the maintainance of water use efficiency (WUE) during the dry season. Network connectance analysis detected a change in the relationship between leaf gas exchange and psimn in the dry season, mainly between gs-E and E-WUE. A slight global connectance value increase (7.25 %) suggested there was no severe water stress during the dry season. Multivariate analysis showed no link between seasonal response and species deciduousness, suggesting similar behavior in remaining leaves for most of the studied species concerning leaf gas exchange and psimn under natural drought.

Effect of irrigation on leaf gas exchange and yield of cashew in northern Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Schaper ◽  
EK Chacko ◽  
SJ Blaikie
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Tropical Regions

Gas exchange, leaf water status, soil water use and nut yield of cashew trees were monitored during the reproductive phase in 2 consecutive years (1988 and 1989). Treatment 1 comprised continuous irrigation from the end of the wet season in April until harvest in October; T2, irrigation between flowering (mid June) and harvest; and T3, no irrigation. Irrigation was applied by under-tree sprinkler at 43 mm/week in 1988 and 64 mm/week in 1989. Measurement of leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content and nut production showed that trees in T2 were as productive as those in T1 (>1.3 kg kernel/tree). In T3, water deficit caused a 4-fold reduction in leaf photosynthesis and reduced leaf chlorophyll content from about 600 to 400 mg/m2 during fruit development. There was no effect on the number of hermaphrodite flowers produced (both ranging from 0 to 15 hermaphrodite flowers/panicle) but the water deficit was associated with a lower kernel yield (1.16 kg kernel/tree). Commercial yields (kg kernel/tree) in irrigated treatments were 20% greater than in the non-irrigated treatment and the kernels from irrigated trees were of a higher grade (kernel recovery >32% in T1 and T2 compared with 27.4% in T3). These results suggest that irrigation of established cashew plantations in the tropical regions of northern Australia can be restricted to the period between flowering and harvest without reducing yield.

scholarly journals Foliar water‐uptake strategies are related to leaf water status and gas exchange in plants from a ferruginous rupestrian field

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Boanares ◽  
Alessandra R. Kozovits ◽  
José P. Lemos‐Filho ◽  
Rosy M. S. Isaias ◽  
Ricardo R. R. Solar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Foliar Water Uptake

scholarly journals Grafting cv. Grechetto Gentile Vines to New M4 Rootstock Improves Leaf Gas Exchange and Water Status as Compared to Commercial 1103P Rootstock

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Frioni ◽  
Arianna Biagioni ◽  
Cecilia Squeri ◽  
Sergio Tombesi ◽  
Matteo Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Drought Tolerant

M4 is a relatively new rootstock that was selected for increased resilience of vineyards across hot regions where meteorological drought is often coupled to water scarcity. However, M4 has thus far been tested only against water-stress sensitive rootstocks. Against this backdrop, the aim of the present work is to examine the water status and gas exchange performances of vines grafted to M4 in comparison to those of vines grafted to a commercial stock that is drought-tolerant, 1103 Paulsen (1103P), under a progressive water deficit followed by re-watering. This study was undertaken on Grechetto Gentile, a cultivar that is renowned for its rather conservative water use (near-isohydric behavior). While fifty percent of both grafts were fully irrigated (WW), the remaining underwent progressive water stress by means of suspending irrigation (WS). Soil and leaf water status, as well as leaf gas exchanges, along with chlorophyll fluorescence, were followed daily from 1 day pre-stress (DOY 176) until re-watering (DOY 184). Final leaf area per vine, divided in main and lateral contribution, was also assessed. While 1103P grafted vines manifested higher water use under WW conditions, progressive stress evidenced a faster water depletion by 1103P, which also maintained slightly more negative midday leaf water potential (Ψleaf) as compared to M4 grafted plants. Daily gas exchange readings, as well as diurnal assessment performed at the peak of stress (DOY 183), also showed increased leaf assimilation rates (A) and water use efficiency (WUE) in vines grafted on M4, which were also less susceptible to photosynthetic downregulation. Dynamic of stomatal closure targeted at 90% reduction of leaf stomatal conductance showed a similar behavior among rootstocks since the above threshold was reached by both at Ψleaf of about −1.11 MPa. The same fractional reduction in leaf A was reached by vines grafted on M4 at a Ψleaf of −1.28 MPa vs. −1.10 MPa measured in 1103P, meaning that using M4 as a rootstock will postpone full stomatal closure. While mechanisms involved in improved CO2 uptake in M4-grafted vines under moderate-to-severe stress are still unclear, our data support the hypothesis that M4 might outscore the performance of a commercial drought-tolerant genotype (1103P) and can be profitably used as a tool to improve the resilience of vines to summer drought.

Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) IV. Root genotype is more important than shoot genotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Davies ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
R. Munns ◽  
M. Dracup
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Better Than

To understand how yellow lupin tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin, we investigated the roles of the roots and the shoots of these species. Reciprocal- and self-grafted combinations (scion = shoot/rootstock) of yellow and narrow-leafed lupin were made at the 2-leaf stage and waterlogged 45 days later (8–10 leaf stage). Responses to waterlogging were examined at the end of waterlogging and following a recovery period of 14 days.Waterlogging of reciprocal and self-grafted plants reduced total plant dry weight by 15–58% compared with non-waterlogged controls. These reductions were greater when the rootstock was narrow-leafed rather than yellow lupin, and were similar for the roots and shoots. Waterlogging increased dry weight of hypocotyl roots in most grafting combinations (by 2–19-fold), but grafts with narrow-leafed lupin scions produced almost twice the hypocotyl root length of grafts with yellow lupin scions. During the waterlogging period, leaf gas exchange decreased by 16–74% in all grafting combinations except in narrow-leafed lupin scion/yellow lupin rootstock where it increased by 17–30%. During waterlogging, stem water potential decreased and leaf osmotic pressure increased. These changes compensated one another and consequently there was no effect on bulk leaf turgor. After 14 days recovery, water relations returned to initial values. Tolerance of the whole plant to waterlogging was influenced more by the root genotype than the shoot genotype. However, production of hypocotyl roots in response to waterlogging was related to the shoot genotype rather than the root genotype.

Leaf Gas Exchange and Water Relations of Lupins and Wheat. III. Abscisic Acid and Drought-Induced Stomatal Closure

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
IE Henson ◽  
CR Jensen ◽  
NC Turner
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Stomatal Response ◽  
Leaf Water Status

Changes in the content of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) were followed in glasshouse experiments during stomatal closure induced by drought in leaves of lupin (Lupinus cosentinii Guss. cv. Eregulla) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cvv. Gamenya and Warigal), species which differ in stomatal sensitivity to changes in leaf water potential. Increases in bulk leaf ABA concentration were closely correlated with decreases in leaf conductance in both species. In lupin, substantial increases in ABA and decreases in conductance occurred over a very narrow range of leaf water potential. ABA concentrations in wheat leaves were highly negatively correlated with bulk leaf turgor, but there was no significant relationship between ABA and turgor in lupin. However, ABA accumulated progressively in the leaves of both species as soil water content decreased. Stomatal closure in lupin could be induced by supplying exogenous ABA to detached leaves via the transpiration stream at concentrations of 10-4 to 10-2 mol m-3 of (+)-ABA. Abaxial stomata closed more readily than those on the adaxial surface in response to both drought and applied ABA. Stomatal response to ABA was not affected by the presence of the cytokinin zeatin, and zeatin by itself had no effect on conductance. When treatments designed to reduce endogenous cytokinin concentrations were imposed (prolonged leaf detachment or prior drought), stomatal response to low concentrations of ABA was enhanced. However, such treatments did not significantly change the stomatal response to high ABA concentrations, nor affect the stomatal conductance of leaves supplied with water alone. It is concluded that drought-induced stomatal closure could be mediated by ABA in both wheat and lupin, despite the initially small change in leaf water status in the latter species.

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