Stem rust epidemics and their effects on grain yield and quality in Australian barley cultivars

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Dill-Macky ◽  
RG Rees ◽  
GJ Platz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Epidemic Development ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Field Plots

The progress of epidemics of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici strain 343-Anz-1,2,3,5,6 was examined in field plots of the Australian barley cultivars Clipper, Corvette, Galleon, Grimmett, Prior and Schooner. The barley Purple Nudum, reported to possess seedling resistance to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, and the susceptible wheat Oxley were also examined. Additional rust-free treatments were maintained to provide comparisons of grain yield and quality. Differences in the rate of epidemic development between cultivars were found. Moderate epidemics developed in Clipper, Schooner, Grimmett and Prior and no significant losses in yield were detected in Grimmett or Prior. Severe epidemics developed in Galleon, Corvette and Oxley and reduced grain yield by about half. Yield reductions were generally associated with reduced grain size and weight.

scholarly journals The Effect of Race QCCJ of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici on Yield and Quality in Barley

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dill-Macky ◽  
A. P. Roelfs
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Susceptible Line ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Effective Yield ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Field Plots

The progress of epidemics of race QCCJ of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici was examined in field plots of the barley cultivars Robust, Excel, Stander, Azure, Stark, Larker, Bonanza, and Steptoe. In addition, a potential source of resistance (cv. Diamond), and a susceptible line (ND11075) were included. Rust-free treatments were maintained to provide comparisons of grain yield and quality. Barleys with Rpg1, which confers resistance to races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici other than Pgt-QCCJ, were generally more resistant than cultivars or lines that lacked this gene. However the severity of losses indicated that under high disease pressure the resistance conferred by Rpg1 would not be effective. Yield reductions of up to 29% were recorded and were generally associated with reduced grain size and weight. The continued presence of Pgt-QCCJ as a component of the P. graminis population in the United States, since it was first detected in 1989, indicates that Pgt-QCCJ remains a threat to commercial barley production.

Epidemics of stem rust and their effects on grain yield in the wheat WW15 and some of its derivatives

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Rees ◽  
JR Syme
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Field Plots

The progress of epidemics of Puccinia graminis tvitici strain 343-Anz-1,2,3,5,6 was examined in field plots of the wheat WW15, its hard-grained derivatives Condor, Oxley and Banks, the slow-rusting cv. Celebration and the fully resistant cv. Timgalen. Additional rust-free treatments were maintained to provide yield and quality comparisons. Severe epidemics developed in WW15, Condor and Oxley, and reduced grain yield in each cultivar by approximately 50 %. Epidemics in Celebration and Banks developed more slowly, and no significant loss in yield occurred. Reduced grain size accounted for most of the yield reduction in WW15, Condor and Oxley. Grain nitrogen concentration was higher in rusted Condor and Oxley than in rust-free treatments. WW15, Condor and Oxley possess little slow-rusting ability and the dependence on Condor and Oxley in the eastern wheat-belt of Australia should be decreased. Banks has effective stem rust resistance and offers potential as a replacement for Condor.

scholarly journals Grain Size Selection Using Novel Functional Markers Targeting 14 Genes in Rice

Rice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Bin Ma ◽  
Zhong Bian ◽  
Xiaoyuan Li ◽  
Changquan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Width ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Abstract Background Grain size is an extremely important aspect of rice breeding, affecting both grain yield and quality traits. It is controlled by multiple genes and tracking these genes in breeding schemes should expedite selection of lines with superior grain yield and quality, thus it is essential to develop robust, efficient markers. Result In this study, 14 genes related to grain size (GW2, GS2, qLGY3, GS3, GL3.1, TGW3, GS5, GW5, GS6, TGW6, GW6a, GLW7, GL7 and GW8) were selected for functional marker development. Twenty-one PCR-gel-based markers were developed to genotype the candidate functional nucleotide polymorphisms (FNPs) of these genes, and all markers can effectively recognize the corresponding allele types. To test the allele effects of different FNPs, a global collection of rice cultivars including 257 accessions from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 was used for allele mining, and four grain-size-related traits were investigated at two planting locations. Three FNPs for GW2, GS2 and GL3.1 were genotyped as rare alleles only found in cultivars with notably large grains, and the allele contributions of the remaining FNPs were clarified in both the indica and japonica subspecies. Significant trait contributions were found for most of the FNPs, especially GS3, GW5 and GL7. Of note, GW5 could function as a key regulator to coordinate the performance of other grain size genes. The allele effects of several FNPs were also tested by QTL analysis using an F2 population, and GW5 was further identified as the major locus with the largest contribution to grain width and length to width ratio. Conclusions The functional markers are robust for genotyping different cultivars and may facilitate the rational design of grain size to achieve a balance between grain yield and quality in future rice breeding efforts.

Inoculum pressure and the development of stem rust epidemics in barley

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Dill-Macky ◽  
RG Rees ◽  
GJ Platz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Inoculum Pressure

The effects of inoculum pressure on the development of epidemics of Puccinia graminis tritici in two barley cultivars with different levels of resistance were examined in two field experiments. Treatments were established by inoculation of foci within plots and/or the strategic use of fungicides. Additional 'rust-free' treatments were maintained to provide comparisons of grain yield and quality. Relationships between rust severity, rust incidence and grain yield and quality were also examined. Initial inoculum levels were important in determining disease severity and incidence for individual epidemics; however, severe epidemics developed under most 'rusted' treatments of the susceptible cultivar Galleon and reduced grain yield by up to 58%. Epidemics under corresponding treatments of the moderately resistant cultivar Grimmett were less severe, and the value of the resistance was evident with yield losses not exceeding 12%. Yield reductions were usually associated with reduced grain size and weight.

Influence of interactions of barley cultivars with soil and fertilizer K, and soil pH on grain yield and quality

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Dick ◽  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
P. A. O'Sullivan ◽  
D. R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Genetic Variation in Grain Yield and Quality Traits of Spring Malting Barley

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Yuncai Hu ◽  
Gero Barmeier ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Cultivation of malting barley is particularly challenging as the requirements of growers, for high yield, and that of the brewing industry, seeking a specific quality criteria, must be met simultaneously. Furthermore, significant genotypic and environmental variations in grain yield and quality properties may occur. To investigate the relationships between grain yield and quality parameters of spring malting barley, a 2-year experiment was carried out in order to characterise the genotypic and year effects on grain yield, quality properties, and yield components of 23 high-yielding varieties of spring malting barley under optimal nitrogen (N) fertilisation. Compared to the grain quality properties of the grain protein content and the grain retention fraction of grain size >2.5 mm, less genotypic and environmental variation in grain yield was observed. Grain yield was closely related to spikes per m2, suggesting the importance of tiller formation and establishment as a decisive factor influencing malting barley yields. A major interactive effect of genotypes and year on grain size was observed. Regarding weather effects, the global radiation intensity during the post-anthesis phase was the major factor affecting the final grain size in this study. Grain protein content was primarily dependent on the year effect, suggesting that optimal N fertilisation levels must vary between years to ensure the correct protein content required for the needs of the brewing industry is met. Therefore, we recommend further development strategies addressing N fertilisation and soil N mineralisation to optimise the production of spring malting barley.

scholarly journals Grain yield and quality of two-row winter barley cultivars on an acid soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera ĐEKIĆ ◽  
Jelena MILIVOJEVIĆ ◽  
Milomirka MADIĆ ◽  
Vera POPOVIĆ ◽  
Snežana Branković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Influence of interactions of barley cultivars with soil and fertilizer K, and soil pH on grain yield and quality

1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. i-i
Author(s):  
A. C. Dick ◽  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
P. A. O'Sullivan ◽  
D. R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality
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