Vegetative compatibility groups within Australian populations of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, the cause of Fusarium wilt of bananas

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
VM Brake ◽  
KG Pegg ◽  
JAG Irwin ◽  
PW Langdon
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Race 1

Wilt of bananas (Musa spp.), caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. f. sp. cubense(E. F. Smith) Snyd. &Hans. (FOC), has a long history in subtropical Queensland, where it has destroyed many plantations of cv. Lady finger. Cavendish (AAA) clones are now being attacked in subtropical Queensland. Vegetative compatibility was used to subdivide Australian populations of FOC. One hundred and fortyeight isolates were placed in six vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). VCG was correlated with virulence on specific cultivars in the field. All putative race 1 isolates belonged to VCGs 0124 and 0125 and with one exception, isolates in this group were recovered only from cultivars susceptible to race 1. Evidence is presented which suggests that wilt in Cavendish cultivars in Queensland is due to the previous widespread distribution of Cavendish competent strains (VCGS 0120,0129) in plantings of Lady finger, which is the major Australian race 1 susceptible cultivar.

scholarly journals Relationship between pathogenicity, race and vegetative compatibility grouping among Algerian populations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi causing pea wilt

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoumria Merzoug ◽  
Lakhdar Belabid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi (FOP) is a significant and destructive pathogen of field pea in Algeria. In the present study, 50 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi, the causal agent of pea (Pisum sativum) wilt, collected from different parts of western Algeria and representing four races of the pathogen, were analyzed for virulence. The wilt incidence ranged from 6.66 to 88.33% on a highly susceptible cultivar (Little Marvel). Twenty-one isolates belonging to four races of FOP and one nonpathogenic F. oxysporum (FO) isolate were analyzed for vegetative compatibility in order to reveal the genetic structure of the population and to check the reliability of the method for the identification of physiological races of FOP. Obtained results showed that the FOP isolates could be classified into four main vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) that corresponded to races l, 2A, 2B and 5. The race 6 isolate fell into the race 1 VCG. To our knowledge, this is the first such study in Algeria of its kind.

scholarly journals Vegetative Compatibility Groups of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae from Lettuce

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Pasquali ◽  
Flavia Dematheis ◽  
Giovanna Gilardi ◽  
Maria Lodovica Gullino ◽  
Angelo Garibaldi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of lettuce, has been reported in three continents in the last 10 years. Forty-seven isolates obtained from infected plants and seed in Italy, the United States, Japan, and Taiwan were evaluated for pathogenicity and vegetative compatibility. Chlorate-resistant, nitrate-nonutilizing mutants were used to determine genetic relatedness among isolates from different locations. Using the vegetative compatibility group (VCG) approach, all Italian and American isolates, type 2 Taiwanese isolates, and a Japanese race 1 were assigned to the major VCG 0300. Taiwanese isolates type 1 were assigned to VCG 0301. The hypothesis that propagules of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae that caused epidemics on lettuce in 2001-02 in Italian fields might have spread via import and use of contaminated seeds is discussed.

Vegetative compatibility groups within Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini from Linum usitatissimum (flax) wilt nurseries in western Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 836-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
S I Mpofu ◽  
K Y Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Compatibility Analysis

Following the discovery of substantial differences in the development and severity of Fusarium wilt in Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) wilt nurseries in western Canada, a study of the population structure of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini (Bolley) Snyd. & Hans using vegetative compatibility analysis was initiated. Vegetative compatibility was determined using nitrate non-utilizing mutants. From a total of 105 isolates, 74 were assigned to 12 vegetative compatibility groups (VCG 0440-04411), 22 were not compatible with any other isolates and 9 did not produce mutants. The populations of F. oxysporum f.sp. lini in Fusarium wilt nurseries in western Canada were significantly different. There was a predominant VCG in each of the nurseries, which was either nonexistent or not common in other nurseries, VCG 0440 in Indian Head, 0441 in Treherne, 0442 in Morden-80, 0443 in Saskatoon, and 0444 in Morden-60. There were only three overlapping VCGs; VCG 0440 was common to Morden-60 and Indian Head and VCGs 0442 and 0444 were common to Morden-60 and Morden-80. The differences in disease development and severity observed previously may be due to the differences in the population structure of the pathogen. These findings have significant implications for the approaches to breeding for Fusarium wilt resistance in flax.Key words: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini, flax, Fusarium wilt, genetic diversity, vegetative compatibility.

scholarly journals Biological and Molecular Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Divides Race 1 Isolates into Separate Virulence Groups

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurriaan J. Mes ◽  
Emma A. Weststeijn ◽  
Frits Herlaar ◽  
Joep J. M. Lambalk ◽  
Jelle Wijbrandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

A collection of race 1 and race 2 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was screened for vegetative compatibility and characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to establish the identity and genetic diversity of the isolates. Comparison of RAPD profiles revealed two main groups that coincide with vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). In addition, several single-member VCGs were identified that could not be grouped in one of the two main RAPD clusters. This suggests that F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici is a polyphyletic taxon. To assign avirulence genotypes to race 1 isolates, they were tested for their virulence on a small set of tomato lines (Lycopersicon esculentum), including line OT364. This line was selected because it shows resistance to race 2 isolates but, unlike most other race 2-resistant lines, susceptibility to race 1 isolates. To exclude the influence of other components than those related to the race-specific resistance response, we tested the virulence of race 1 isolates on a susceptible tomato that has become race 2 resistant by introduction of an I-2 transgene. The results show that both line OT364 and the transgenic line were significantly affected by four race 1 isolates, but not by seven other race 1 isolates nor by any race 2 isolates. This allowed a subdivision of race 1 isolates based on the presence or absence of an avirulence gene corresponding to the I-2 resistance gene. The data presented here support a gene-for-gene relationship for the interaction between F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and its host tomato.

Vegetative compatibility within Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum and its relationship to virulence, aggressiveness, and race

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Larkin ◽  
D. L. Hopkins ◽  
F. N. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
The World ◽  
Infested Field ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2

Over 250 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum collected from infected watermelon plants and soil samples from a pathogen-infested field, as well as known isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum imported from various locations around the world, were tested for pathogenicity on watermelon and used to determine vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) within F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Vegetative compatibility was assessed on the basis of heterokaryon formation among nitrate-nonutilizing mutants. Race determinations were made by screening isolates on six different watermelon cultivars of varying resistance. All isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum belonged to one of three distinct VCGs, and were incompatible with isolates that were not pathogenic on watermelon. Isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum were subdivided into two races and there was a direct relationship between VCG and race. VCG 0080 consisted of race 1 isolates from five states of the United States, Taiwan, and Australia. VCG 0081 consisted solely of race 1 isolates from Florida. VCG 0082 was comprised solely of race 2 isolates, all of which were capable of causing severe wilt on all cultivars tested. Numerous Florida isolates were compatible with race 2 isolates from Texas and demonstrated comparable virulence on all cultivars, confirming the presence of race 2 in Florida. With F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, vegetative compatibility can be utilized as an alternative or collaborative method to distinguish pathogenic from nonpathogenic strains of F. oxysporum and to differentiate subforma specialis virulence characteristics. Key words: fusarium wilt, nit mutants, watermelon.

Characterization of a unique population of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense causing Fusarium wilt in Cavendish bananas at Carnarvon, Western Australia

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
KG Pegg ◽  
RG Shivas ◽  
NY Moore ◽  
S Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Volatile Production

A unique population of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense affecting Cavendish cv. Williams banana plants was characterized using vegetative compatibility, volatile production, RAPD-PCR analysis, pectic enzyme production and pathogenicity. The isolates were more like race 1 isolates than race 4 isolates, although they were capable of attacking Cavendish clones. The Carnarvon isolates did not belong to any of the vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) known to occur in Australia or overseas; they belonged in the 'inodoraturn' volatile group; they had 29% genetic similarity to race 4 isolates and 76% similarity to race 1 isolates based on RAPD-PCR banding patterns; they belonged in the same pectic zymogram group as race 1 isolates and were virulent on 3-month-old Cavendish cv. Williams, Gros Michel and Pisang Gajih Merah plants in glasshouse tests.

Characterisation of Australian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense by DNA fingerprinting analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Gerlach ◽  
S. Bentley ◽  
N. Y. Moore ◽  
K. G. Pegg ◽  
E. A. B. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Fingerprinting Analysis ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2

Genetic variation among Australian isolates of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), which causes Fusarium wilt in banana, was examined using DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF). Ninety-four isolates which represented Races 1, 2, 3, and 4, and vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 0120, 0124, 0125, 0128, 0129, 01211, 01213/16, and 01220 were analysed. The genetic relatedness among isolates within each VCG, and between the 8 different VCGs of Foc present in Australia was determined. The DNA fingerprint patterns were VCG-specific, with each VCG representing a unique genotype. The genetic similarity among isolates within each VCG ranged from 97% to 100%. Among the different VCGs of Foc, 3 major clusters were distinguished which corresponded with race. All Race 1 and 2 isolates (VCGs 0124, 0125, 0128, and 01220) were closely related and clustered together, the Race 3 isolates from Heliconia clustered separately, and all Race 4 isolates (VCGs 0120, 0129, 01211, and 01213/16) clustered together. Fifteen isolates from Alstonville, NSW, were characterised because although they were classified as Race 2 based on their recovery from cooking banana cultivars, they belonged in VCG 0124, which had previously contained only Race 1 isolates. The occurrence of more than one race within a VCG means that vegetative compatibility grouping cannot be used to assign pathotype to pathogenic race as previously thought. It was possible to distinguish the Race 1 and Race 2 isolates within VCG 0124 using DNA fingerprinting, as each race produced a unique DNA fingerprint pattern. Among the Australian isolates, DNA fingerprinting analysis identified 9 different VCGs and genotypes of Foc.

Variation within and between populations of Fusarium oxysporum based on vegetative compatibility and mitochondrial DNA

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Gordon ◽  
D. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Haplotype

Two hundred isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, 100 from each of two different locations, were collected from agricultural field soils in the San Joaquin Valley of California. These isolates comprised 39 different vegetative compatibility groups. Based on the frequency distribution of vegetative compatibility groups, populations of F. oxysporum at the two collection sites were different. At least one isolate from each vegetative compatibility group was examined for polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA. A total of 41 differences in mitochondrial DNA were identified, each of which was treated as a character and scored as present or absent in each strain. There were 11 unique combinations (haplotypes) of the 41 characters. Three mitochondrial DNA haplotypes were common to both sites and the remaining eight occurred at only one of the two sites. Isolates in the same vegetative compatibility group were always associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Many isolates in different vegetative compatibility groups also shared a common mitochondrial DNA haplotype. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis, cause of Fusarium wilt of muskmelon, was associated with the same mitochondrial DNA haplotype as eight vegetative compatibility groups of F. oxysporum that were not pathogenic to muskmelon. This result may indicate that either the pathogen was a recent derivative of nonpathogenic strains at the same location or avirulent strains have been derived from the pathogen. Key words: anastomosis, fungi, heterokaryon, Fusarium wilt.

Vegetative compatibility and distribution of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense in Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
NY Moore ◽  
KG Pegg ◽  
RN Allen ◽  
JAG Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Race 4

Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense from wilted banana plants in Queensland and New South Wales were characterised for vegetative compatibility. Six vegetative compatibility groups VCGs) were identified. Race 1 (VCGs 0124, 01241.5, 0125) was widespread, being detected in northern and southern Queensland as well as northern New South Wales. Race 2 (VCG 0128) was found attacking Bluggoe in North Queensland. Race 4 (VCGs 0120, 0129, 01211) was detected in Cavendish plantations in southern Queensland and in Lady finger plantations in New (South Wales and southern Queensland. Isolates of the race 4 VCG 0129 from Lady finger plantations were pathogenic to Cavendish cultivars in glasshouse tests.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Wilt-Inducing Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Sweetpotato and Tobacco

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Clark ◽  
J-W. Hyun ◽  
M. W. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Group ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
New Race

Thirty-five isolates of Fusarium oxysporum obtained from diseased sweetpotato or tobacco were compared for pathogenicity on two cultivars each of sweetpotato and tobacco, by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, and by vegetative compatibility group (VCG) analysis. Analysis of RAPD profiles revealed five clusters of isolates that corresponded to patterns of pathogenicity. One cluster of isolates, designated as F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae, induced severe wilting on both tobacco cultivars but varied from weakly to highly aggressive on the sweetpotato cultivars. Four of the 16 isolates from this group were originally isolated from sweetpotato, and 1 isolate caused severe disease on both crops. Three clusters included isolates from sweetpotato that were virulent on Porto Rico, caused little or no disease on Beauregard and burley tobacco (cv. Kentucky 5), and did not cause wilt on flue-cured tobacco (cv. Gold Dollar). These isolates were designated as race 0 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. Isolates obtained from sweetpotato from California clustered separately from other sweetpotato isolates and the tobacco isolates. They differed from other sweetpotato isolates in being virulent on Beauregard and are proposed as a new race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas. VCG analysis was of limited value with the isolates in this study because many isolates were self-incompatible. In each case, all members of a VCG fell within the same cluster defined by RAPDs. This study demonstrated that F. oxysporum from at least three genetically distinct lineages can cause Fusarium wilt on sweetpotato, and that the host ranges of F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas and F. oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae overlap and include plants from two different families.

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