Ontogeny of spring wheat and barley infected with cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC O'Brien ◽  
JM Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Nodal Roots

A study of the effects of density (0, 150,300 or 450 juveniles) and time of inoculation (0, 7 or 14 days after sowing) with Heterodeva avenae on the growth of single plants of the susceptible wheat, Halberd, showed that only inoculation at sowing consistently affected growth and there was little difference between densities. Development of seminal, seminal laterals and nodal roots was delayed and the length of laminae of each of the first three leaves was shortened. Regular inoculations, until 25 days after sowing, of susceptible Halberd and resistant AUS 10894 wheat and susceptible Clipper and resistant Morocco barley resulted in reduced leaf area, delayed appearance of the earlier leaves and reduced numbers of spikelets per ear on Halberd, AUS 10894 and Clipper, but not Morocco. Following inoculation Halberd and Clipper had fewer leaves, and their time of ear emergence was later. These effects of H. avenae were attributed to induced nutrient and moisture stresses affecting cell division and development of the shoot apex. The maximum yield potential of cereals was therefore reduced.

scholarly journals Spring Wheat Tolerance and Resistance to Heterodera avenae in the Pacific Northwest

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Smiley ◽  
Juliet M. Marshall ◽  
Jennifer A. Gourlie ◽  
Timothy C. Paulitz ◽  
Shyam L. Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Systematic Field

The cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae reduces wheat yields in the Pacific Northwest. Previous evaluations of cultivar resistance had been in controlled environments. Cultivar tolerance had not been evaluated. Seven spring wheat trials were conducted in naturally infested fields in three states over 2 years. A split-plot design was used for all trials. Five trials evaluated both tolerance and resistance in 1.8-by-9-m plots treated or not treated with nematicides. Two trials evaluated resistance in 1-m head rows where each wheat entry was paired with an adjacent row of a susceptible cultivar. Cultivars with the Cre1 resistance gene (‘Ouyen’ and ‘Chara’) reduced the postharvest density of H. avenae under field conditions, confirming Cre1 parents as useful for germplasm development. Ouyen was resistant but it was also intolerant, producing significantly lower grain yield in controls than in plots treated with nematicides. Susceptible cultivars varied in tolerance. Undefined resistance was identified in one commercial cultivar (‘WB-Rockland) and four breeding lines (UC1711, SO900163, SY-B041418, and SY-97621-05). This research was the first systematic field demonstration of potential benefits to be derived through development and deployment of cultivars with resistance plus tolerance to cereal cyst nematode in North America.

The occurrence of biotypes of the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) in Victoria

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Brown
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Avena Sterilis

Ten cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) populations from the Victorian Mallee and Wimmera districts, were tested for their variation in pathogenicity, using a selected range of indicator varieties. Of the oats used, Avena sterilis and A. strigosa were resistant to all populations, while A. abyssinica and CV. Sun II were both susceptible. None of the cultivars of barley or wheat was resistant ; the spring wheat CV. Loros was very susceptible. Rye CV. South Australian was resistant to all populations. The results presented indicate that only one biotype of H. avenae is present in Victoria, and that it is unlike any of those known to occur in Europe.

Further studies on the Victorian biotype of the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (68) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Brown
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Wide Range

Seven populations of the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) from the Mallee and Wimmera districts of Victoria, were tested for their variation in pathogenicity, using a wide range of cereal species and cultivars. Avena sterilis (Cc4658), and the barleys Morocco (C13902), Marocaine 079 (C18334), and Martin 403-2 were resistant to all populations, whereas all the other cereals tested were susceptible. The three wheats, Loros (AUS11577), Psathias (AUS881), and spring wheat (AUS10894), supported fewer cysts than the susceptible standard. They may, therefore, have some potential as parents in a wheat resistance breeding program, in the absence of better sources of resistance. The results confirm the presence of only one biotype of H. avenae in Victoria, and although it is unlike any of the five European biotypes, it is similar to that from Rajasthan, India.

Influence of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) on wheat yields in South Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (112) ◽  
pp. 516 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Rovira ◽  
PG Brisbane ◽  
A Simon ◽  
DG Whitehead ◽  
RL Correll
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Variety ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cereal Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses

Significant yield responses of up to 0.9 t/ha were obtained with the nematicides aldicarb and dibromochloropropane in seven of eleven field trials with the wheat variety, Condor. Both nematicides reduced the numbers of white cysts of Heterodera avenae on the roots of wheat. With aldicarb the increase in wheat yields varied directly as the decrease in white cysts: dibromochloropropane gave similar increases in yield as aldicarb with a greater reduction in cyst numbers. There was no yield increase with either nematicide when cereal cyst nematode was not present. An analysis of covariance indicated that over all the sites 64% of the increase in yield due to aldicarb could be explained in terms of cysts of cereal cyst nematode.

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