Effects of boron on the physiological activity of zinc in maize

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Leece
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Field Situation ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Boron Fertilization

When maize plants were grown in pots in a glasshouse for 30 days on a black earth soil, plants developed symptoms of zinc deficiency and responded to zinc fertilization, yet the tops contained normal levels of zinc. It was assumed that much of the zinc accumulated in plant tops was physiologically inactive. The condition was not caused by phosphorus/zinc, iron/zinc, copper/zinc, or manganese/zinc imbalances, but was associated with marginally deficient boron levels in experiments conducted in late autumn when light intensity was low. In one such experiment, boron fertilization (1 µg/g) prevented the inactivation of zinc and increased plant growth. However, in experiments conducted in spring when light intensity approximated the normal field situation more closely, boron levels were normal and boron fertilization (5 µg/g) had no effect on plant growth and failed to prevent zinc inactivation. Thus, it is unlikely that zinc inactivation under normal field conditions is caused by marginally deficient boron levels.

Use of alkaline flyash-based products to amend acid soils: Plant growth response and nutrient uptake

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Spark ◽  
R. S. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Maize Plants

Vast quantities of flyash are generated annually by the burning of coal in the power industry, with most of this material being stockpiled with little prospect of being utilised at present. Two alkaline flyash-based products (FAP) for use as soil amendments (FAP1 and FAP2) have been assessed using glasshouse pot trials to determine the suitability of using these products to treat acid soils. The products both contain ~80% flyash which originated from coal-fired electricity generation. The acid soils used in the study were 2 Podsols and a Ferrosol, all originating from south-east Queensland and ranging in pH (1 : 5 suspension in water) from 4 to 5.5. The flyash products when applied to the soil significantly enhanced growth of maize plants (Zea mays L.), with optimal application rates in the range 1.25–5% w/w. The FAP/soil mixtures and plants were analysed using a range of methods including extraction with DTPA, and plant biomass (aboveground dry matter). The results indicate that in addition to the liming effect, the flyash in the alkaline flyash products may enhance plant growth as a result of increasing the uptake of micro-nutrients such as copper, zinc, and manganese. The study suggests that flyash has the potential to be used as a base material in the production of soil amendment materials that can change soil pH and act as a fertiliser for certain soil micro-nutrients such as Cu, Mn, and Zn.

scholarly journals Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 Enhances Plant Robustness Status under the Combination of Moderate Drought and Low Nitrogen Stress in Zea mays L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aammar Tufail ◽  
María Touceda-González ◽  
Ilaria Pertot ◽  
Ralf-Udo Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria, which can fix nitrogen, plays a vital role in plant growth promotion. Previous authors have evaluated the effect of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 inoculation on plants subjected to different sources of abiotic stress on an individual basis. The present study aimed to appraise the effect of G. diazotrophicus inoculation on the amelioration of the individual and combined effects of drought and nitrogen stress in maize plants (Zea mays L.). A pot experiment was conducted whereby treatments consisted of maize plants cultivated under drought stress, in soil with a low nitrogen concentration and these two stress sources combined, with and without G. diazotrophicus seed inoculation. The inoculated plants showed increased plant biomass, chlorophyll content, plant nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency. A general increase in copy numbers of G. diazotrophicus, based on 16S rRNA gene quantification, was detected under combined moderate stress, in addition to an increase in the abundance of genes involved in N fixation (nifH). Endophytic colonization of bacteria was negatively affected by severe stress treatments. Overall, G. diazotrophicus Pal5 can be considered as an effective tool to increase maize crop production under drought conditions with low application of nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Medicinal Plant Ephedra pachyclada as Plant Growth-Promoting

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Aly Khalil ◽  
Saad El-Din Hassan ◽  
Sultan M. Alsharif ◽  
Ahmed M. Eid ◽  
Emad El-Din Ewais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Penicillium Crustosum ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Penicillium Commune ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Growth Promoting

Endophytic fungi are widely present in internal plant tissues and provide different benefits to their host. Medicinal plants have unexplored diversity of functional fungal association; therefore, this study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi associated with leaves of medicinal plants Ephedra pachyclada and evaluate their plant growth-promoting properties. Fifteen isolated fungal endophytes belonging to Ascomycota, with three different genera, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Aspergillus, were obtained from healthy leaves of E. pachyclada. These fungal endophytes have varied antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic microbes and produce ammonia and indole acetic acid (IAA), in addition to their enzymatic activity. The results showed that Penicillium commune EP-5 had a maximum IAA productivity of 192.1 ± 4.04 µg mL−1 in the presence of 5 µg mL−1 tryptophan. The fungal isolates of Penicillium crustosum EP-2, Penicillium chrysogenum EP-3, and Aspergillus flavus EP-14 exhibited variable efficiency for solubilizing phosphate salts. Five representative fungal endophytes of Penicillium crustosum EP-2, Penicillium commune EP-5, Penicillium caseifulvum EP-11, Alternaria tenuissima EP-13, and Aspergillus flavus EP-14 and their consortium were selected and applied as bioinoculant to maize plants. The results showed that Penicillium commune EP-5 increased root lengths from 15.8 ± 0.8 to 22.1 ± 0.6. Moreover, the vegetative growth features of inoculated maize plants improved more than the uninoculated ones.

scholarly journals ROOT SYSTEM IN MAIZE PLANTS CULTIVATED UNDER WATER DEFICIT AND APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
LORENA GABRIELA ALMEIDA ◽  
EDER MARCOS DA SILVA ◽  
PAULO CÉSAR MAGALHÃES ◽  
DÉCIO KARAM ◽  
CAROLINE OLIVEIRA DOS REIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root System ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Corn Plants

Low water availability is characterized as an abiotic stressthat limits the agricultural production. Due to the physical and chemicalcharacteristics of the chitosan (CHT), this substance might stimulatephysiological responses on plants to tolerate the water deficit. In this sense,we submitted corn plants to water deficit and application of chitosan on theleaves (140 mg/L) during pre flowering stage. It were analyzed two cornhybrids genotypes contrasting for water deficit tolerance: DKB 390 (tolerant)and BRS1010 (sensitive). Then, we performed evaluations on the rootsystem and production components. Corn plants submitted to the applicationof chitosan presented a specific behavior: when compared the hybrids,the tolerant one presented a root system that was more developed and anexpressive agronomical yield. These results highlight the fact that the chitosanstimulates plant growth, enhancing their root system and contributing toincrease the availability and absorption of water and nutrients. The chitosanpresents a potential to reduce the negative effects of water deficit on the rootsystems, without compromising the agronomical yield.

scholarly journals Relief Role of Lysine Chelated Zinc (Zn) on 6-Week-Old Maize Plants under Tannery Wastewater Irrigation Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5161
Author(s):  
Rehan Ahmad ◽  
Wajid Ishaque ◽  
Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Umair Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Atif Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Maize Plants

Tannery wastewater mainly comes from leather industries. It has high organic load, high salinity, and many other pollutants, including chromium (Cr). Tannery wastewater is generally used for crop irrigation in some areas of Pakistan and worldwide, due to the low availability of good quality of irrigation water. As tannery wastewater has many nutrients in it, its lower concentration benefits the plant growth, but at a higher concentration, it damages the plants. Chromium in tannery wastewater accumulates in plants, and causes stress at physiological and biochemical levels. In recent times, the role of micronutrient-amino acid chelated compounds has been found to be helpful in reducing abiotic stress in plants. In our present study, we used lysine chelated zinc (Zn-lys) as foliar application on maize (Zea mays L.), growing in different concentrations of tannery wastewater. Zinc (Zn) is required by plants for growth, and lysine is an essential amino acid. Maize plants were grown in tannery wastewater in four concentrations (0, 25%, 50%, and 100%) and Zn-lys was applied as a foliar spray in three concentrations (0 mM, 12.5 mM, and 25 mM) during plant growth. Plants were cautiously harvested right after 6 weeks of treatment. Foliar spray of Zn-lys on maize increased the biomass and improved the plant growth. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and contents of carotenoids also increased with Zn-lys application. In contrast to control plants, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were increased up to 12%, 50%, and 68% in leaves, as well as 16%, 51% and 89% in roots at 25%, 50%, and 100% tannery water application, respectively, without Zn-lys treatments. Zn-lys significantly reduced the damages caused by oxidative stress in maize plant by decreasing the overproduction of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in maize that were produced, due to the application of high amount of tannery wastewater alone. The total free amino acids and soluble protein decreased by 10%, 31% and 64% and 18%, 61% and 122% at 25%, 50% and 100% tannery water treatment. Zn-lys application increased the amino acids production and antioxidant activities in maize plants. Zn contents increased, and Cr contents decreased, in different parts of plants with Zn-lys application. Overall, a high concentration of tannery wastewater adversely affected the plant growth, but the supplementation of Zn-lys assertively affected the plant growth and enhanced the nutritional quality, by enhancing Zn and decreasing Cr levels in plants simultaneously irrigated with tannery wastewater.

Azospirillum brasilense FAVORS MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION IN MAIZE CULTIVATED UNDER TWO WATER REGIMES

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
DANIELE MARIA MARQUES ◽  
PAULO CÉSAR MAGALHÃES ◽  
IVANILDO EVÓDIO MARRIEL ◽  
CARLOS CÉSAR GOMES JUNIOR ◽  
ADRIANO BORTOLOTTI DA SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Maize Plants

The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses and nutrient uptake of maize plants inoculated with A. brasilense under two water conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with ten treatments: five A. brasilense inoculants (Control, Az1, Az2, Az3 and Az4) inoculated in the seed and two water conditions - irrigated and water deficit. Treatments with water deficit were imposed at the V6 stage for a period of 15 days. The phytotechnical characteristics, gas exchange, root morphology, shoot, root and total dry matter, as well as nutrient analysis, were evaluated after water deficit. Azospirillum brasilense (Az1, Az2, Az3 and Az4) yielded higher growth, increased gas exchange and nutrient uptake under irrigation conditions. Inoculation by Az1 and Az3 benefited the root architecture of maize plants, with a greater exploitation of the soil profile by these roots. Water deficit caused a reduction in the development of maize plants. Inoculation by Az1, Az2 and Az3 can improve plant growth, nutrient uptake and mitigate the effects of water deficit in the development of maize plants.

Phosphorus and zinc fertilization in fodder cowpea -A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Rathore ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Magan Singh ◽  
V. K. Meena ◽  
Uttam Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Zinc Nutrition

Phosphorus is a key nutrient for increasing productivity of legumes. It is required for plant growth and root development. Phosphorus deficiency in soil is widespread and crops grown under deficient situation show significant response to fertilizer phosphorus. At several places normal yield of crops could not be achieved despite judicious use of NPK fertilizers due to deficiency of micronutrients in soil, in general, that of Zn in particular. The knowledge regarding the use of optimum dose of nutrients especially Phosphorus and Zinc is of serious concern. The literature about the performance of fodder cowpea (<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic>) in relation to phosphorus and zinc nutrition is reviewed in this paper.

Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from Datura stramonium on germination and plant growth of maize plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. S89
Author(s):  
Stef Ramona ◽  
Carabet Alin ◽  
Virteiu Ana Maria ◽  
Molnar Levente ◽  
Manea Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Maize Plants
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