Seed dormancy of Emex australis and E. spinosa

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW Hagon ◽  
DM Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Emex Australis ◽  
Secondary Dormancy

Seed dormancy in Emex australis and E. spinosa was investigated by the application of light, gibberellic acid (GA3) or kinetin (KT) and by scarification of the fruits. Results from these experiments suggested that dormancy was controlled by the balance between promotive hormones and inhibitors and that a semipermeable barrier prevented leaching of inhibitors and/or uptake of exogenously applied GA3 or KT, and/or restricted oxygen diffusion. Storage of seed at alternating temperatures in the laboratory or the field reduced the level of dormancy, the reduction being more rapid for E. australis than for E. spinosa. The degree of dormancy also varied between populations within E. australis. Burial of non-dormant seeds of E. australis did not induce secondary dormancy even though dormancy was enforced by burial at a temperature regime of 25/20°C. Partly dormant (light-requiring) seeds of E. spinosa attained a degree of secondary dormancy following burial for 4 weeks at 25/20° and 9/9°. The results are discussed with reference to cultural control practices.

GERMINATION RESPONSE OF DORMOAT SEEDS TO LOW TEMPERATURE AND GIBBERELLIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. ANDREWS ◽  
V. D. BURROWS
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Different Levels

Dormoats are derivatives of crosses between Avena sativa L. and A. fatua L., designed to be sown in the fall to germinate the following spring. Strains vary in levels of seed dormancy at harvest and in their rates of after-ripening in dry storage. Germination of the seeds is stimulated by gibberellic acid. Embryos isolated from dormant seeds exhibit no dormancy but their germination is prevented by abscisic acid. Low temperatures (ca. 7 C) stimulate germination to different levels in various strains. Seeds enter a secondary dormancy when they fail to germinate in the imbibed state due to primary domancy. Seeds with secondary dormancy are not stimulated to germinate by low temperatures until partial after-ripening of the seeds in the dry state has occurred, but germination is stimulated by gibberellic acid without after-ripening. Secondary dormancy is proposed as a factor in the maintenance of undergerminated seed in the soil from fall planting into winter.

scholarly journals Rice GERMIN-LIKE PROTEIN 2-1 Functions in Seed Dormancy under the Control of Abscisic Acid and Gibberellic Acid Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 1157-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Wang ◽  
Yuman Zhang ◽  
Na Xiao ◽  
Ge Zhang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Gibberellic Acid Signaling

scholarly journals Effects of gibberellic acid and storage temperature on the germination of hawthorn seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmadloo Fatemeh ◽  
Kouchaksaraei Masoud Tabari ◽  
Goodarzi Gholam Reza ◽  
Salehi Azadeh
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Refrigerator Temperature ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

This study investigated methods to overcome seed dormancy in Crataegus pseudoheterophylla Pojarkova seeds. Seeds with and without endocarps were treated with gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) at different concentrations and four storage temperatures. Then they were stratified in an alternate temperature regime. The amount of absorbed water in seeds with endocarps was monitored by measuring the fresh weight of seeds for 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of imbibition. The electrical conductivity (EC) and the percentage of water uptake by seeds stored for 12 months at laboratory temperature, in a refrigerator, in a freezer, and in freeze-thaw conditions were measured. The highest germination (59.7%) was recorded in seeds without endocarps treated with 3,000 mg·l<sup>–1</sup> GA<sub>3 </sub>and stored either in a laboratory or a refrigerator (32.7–35.3%). All treatments of seeds without endocarps where GA<sub>3</sub> was applied showed statistically higher percentages of germination than the control. Seeds with endocarps stored at refrigerator temperature imbibed water up to 44.3% with increasing imbibition periods, whereas the amount of seeds that absorbed water in freezer and freeze-thaw conditions was almost the same. The tests showed the highest EC during storage in the freezer, with the lowest water uptake and viability in seeds stored during the freeze-thaw process.

PRIMARY SEED DORMANCY IN DIFFUSE AND SPOTTED KNAPWEED

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARYL G. NOLAN ◽  
MAHESH K. UPADHYAYA
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Centaurea Maculosa ◽  
Spotted Knapweed ◽  
Centaurea Diffusa ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Pigment System ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Subsequent Exposure

Large numbers of viable, diffuse (Centaurea diffusa Lam.) and spotted knapweed (C. maculosa Lam.) seeds (achenes), collected in the interior of British Columbia, failed to germinate in darkness at 25 °C. This primary dormancy was released to varying degrees by gibberellic acid, exposure to red light, or excision of the distal end of the seed. The effect of red light was negated by subsequent exposure to far-red light. The demonstration of red/far-red reversibility implicates the phytochrome pigment system in the light-sensitive germination of knapweed seeds. Seeds collected from different sites, and from individual plants within sites, had different germination levels in darkness and following exposure to 2 min of red light. Three types of germination behavior were evident: nondormant seeds germinated in darkness; light-sensitive dormant seeds germinated in response to red light; and light-insensitive dormant seeds failed to germinate after 5 d of continuous red light. Seeds of all three germination types were found on individual plants.Key words: Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea maculosa, knapweed, seed dormancy, light-sensitive germination, germination polymorphism

Secondary dormancy inBrassica napusis correlated with enhancedBnaDOG1transcript levels

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Née ◽  
Evelyn Obeng-Hinneh ◽  
Pourya Sarvari ◽  
Kazumi Nakabayashi ◽  
Wim J.J. Soppe
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
High Homology ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Similar Expression Pattern ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Conserved Gene

AbstractDormancy has evolved in plants to restrict germination to favourable growth seasons. Seeds from most crop plants have low dormancy levels due to selection for immediate germination during domestication. Seed dormancy is usually not completely lost and low levels are required to maintain sufficient seed quality.Brassica napuscultivars show low levels of primary seed dormancy. However,B. napusseeds are prone to the induction of secondary dormancy, which can lead to the occurrence of volunteers in the field in subsequent years after cultivation. TheDELAY OF GERMINATION 1(DOG1) gene has been identified as a major dormancy gene in the model plantArabidopsis thaliana.DOG1is a conserved gene and has been shown to be required for seed dormancy in various monocot and dicot plant species. We have identified threeB. napusgenes with high homology toAtDOG1, which we namedBnaA.DOG1.a,BnaC.DOG1.aandBnaC.DOG1.b. The transcripts of these genes could only be detected in seeds and showed a similar expression pattern during seed maturation asAtDOG1. In addition, theBnaDOG1genes showed enhanced transcript levels after the induction of secondary dormancy. These results suggest a role forDOG1in the induction of secondary dormancy inB. napus.

scholarly journals Methods of breaking seed dormancy for ornamental passion fruit species

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita Neves Marostega ◽  
Petterson Baptista Da Luz ◽  
Armando Reis Tavares ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Severino De Paiva Sobrinho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
And Control

The Passiflora L. genus covers a diversity of wild species with ornamental potential, especially due to the intrinsic beauty of its exotic flowers, flowering more than once a year and the lush foliage. However, Passiflora seeds present dormancy complicating seed germination and the establishment of commercial plant production with species with high ornamental potential. This study was conducted to determine the best pre-germination treatments to overcome seed dormancy for Passiflora quadrangularis, P. nitida, P. foetida, P. eichleriana, P. alata, P. cincinnata, P. mucronata, P. micropetala, P. suberosa, P. morifolia and P. tenuifila. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and four replicates, with 25 seeds per plot. Pre-germination treatments were: seeds soaked in 1,000 mg L- 1 GA3 (gibberellic acid) for 6 hours, seeds soaked in 0.2 % KNO3 (potassium nitrate) for 24 hours, seeds soaked in 1 % KNO3 for 24 hours, partial seedcoat scarification with sandpaper number 120 and control (seeds untreated). Percentage of germination, germination velocity index and radicle length were evaluated for all species. The results showed that GA3 was effective to overcome seed dormancy in P. suberosa (86%), P. morifolia (68 %) and P. tenuifila (54%). KNO3 1% had significant effect on overcoming dormancy in seeds of P. eichleriana (66%) and scarification with sandpaper increased seed germination of P. micropetala (38%).

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