A virus complex of subterranean clover

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
NE Grylls ◽  
JW Peak
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover Stunt Virus ◽  
Virus Complex

A study was made of subterranean clover plants from areas of New South Wales where clovers were not re-establishing. Eight field isolates of diseased plants were collected in central and southern New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory. Mixed infections of strains of subterranean clover stunt virus (SCSV) and a bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) were transmitted from the isolates. Four species of aphids, Aphis cvaccivora (Koch), A. gossypii (Glov.), Macrosighum euphorbiae (Thomas), and Myzus persicae (Sulz.), transmitted strains of SCSV and the BYMV and a mixture of these to a number of legumes. Four stable strains of SCSV were separated after a large number of transfers and selections. BYMV was isolated by mechanical inoculation. One Australian cultivar, four Mediterranean introductions, and one intersubspecific hybrid of subterranean clovers were highly resistant to two strains of SCSV and to BYMV. Mixed infection with SCSV and BYMV and infection with one severe strain of SCSV seriously reduced pod formation and seeding in peas and canning beans as well as in subterranean clover.

Aphid infestation and virus infection of peas and beans on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (59) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
NE Grylls
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Virus Incidence ◽  
Aphid Populations

Field Studies were made of aphid infestation, population behaviour and virus incidence on Pisum sativum, Vicia faba and Phaseolus vulgaris at Bathurst, New South Wales, from November 1969 to June 1970. The relative importance of the aphids Aphis craccivora, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus persicae and Aphis gosypii as vectors of subterranean clover stunt virus (SCSV) and bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) was obscured by the overwhelming incidence of A, craccivora. On the first two plantings, virus incidence exceeded 90 per cent and yields were almost nil. Virus incidence was low on peas and canning beans on the third planting. Late infection on broad beans was 82-96 per cent. BYMV incidence, negligible on the first two plantings, was 16 per cent on the third planting of broad beans. Migrating alate aphids were trapped and tested on subterranean clover; c. 10 per cent of A. craccivora carried SCSV, and about 10 per cent of M. eybhorbiae, late in the season, carried BYMV. Three species of coccinellids attacked A. craccivora but did not control aphids until plants matured. Spraying with fenitrothion reduced aphid populations in control plots but had little effect on virus incidence and greatly reduced coccinellids. Aphidiid parasites were few and had little effect on aphid populations.

scholarly journals Amanita phalloides poisoning and treatment with silibinin in the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales

2013 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren M Roberts ◽  
Michael J Hall ◽  
Morna M Falkland ◽  
Simone I Strasser ◽  
Nick A Buckley
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Amanita Phalloides ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
South Wales

scholarly journals The wolf spider genus Artoria in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Araneae, Lycosidae, Artoriinae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-241
Author(s):  
Volker W. Framenau ◽  
Barbara C. Baehr
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
The West ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
South Wales ◽  
East And West

The wolf spider (Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833) genusArtoriaThorell, 1877 is revised for New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia, to include 34 species, 21 of which are new to science:A.albopilata(Urquhart, 1893),A.altaFramenau 2004,A.beaurysp. n.,A.barringtonensissp. n.,A.belfordensissp. n.,A.berenice(L. Koch, 1877),A.bondisp. n.,A.boodereesp. n.,A.comleroisp. n.,A.corowasp. n.,A.equipalussp. n.,A.extraordinariasp. n.,A.flavimanaSimon, 1909,A.gloriosa(Rainbow, 1920),A.grahammilledgeisp. n.,A.helensmithaesp. n.,A.howquaensisFramenau, 2002,A.kanangrasp. n.,A.kerewongsp. n.,A.lineata(L. Koch, 1877),A.marootasp. n.,A.mckayiFramenau, 2002,A.mungosp. n.,A.munmorahsp. n.,A.myallensissp. n.,A.quadrataFramenau, 2002,A.slatyerisp. n.,A.streperasp. n.,A.taeniiferaSimon, 1909,A.teraniasp. n.,A.triangularisFramenau, 2002,A.ulrichiFramenau, 2002,A.victoriensisFramenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006, andA.wilkieisp. n.LycosapruinosaL. Koch, 1877, currently listed inArtoria, is considered a nomen dubium.Artoriaare largely forest dwellers, although some species have preferences for more open areas such as riparian or coastal environments or grasslands. Consequently, the genus mainly occurs east and west along the Great Dividing Range, although some species can be found into the Riverina, Cobar Peneplain and Darling Riverine Plains IBRA regions to the west.

Three new species of Parmelia subgen. Xanthoparmelia (Lichens) from south-eastern Australia

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Elix
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Three New Species

Parmelia (subgen. Xanthoparmelia) barbatica, Parmelia (subgen. Xanthoparmelia) burmeisterii and Parmelia (subgen. Xanthoparmelia) pseudohypoleia are described as new from the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. The former two species are the first representatives of this subgenus to be described in which usnic acid, barbatic acid and 4-O-demethylbarbatic acid are the major secondary metabolites.

Occurrence of Phytophthora clandestina in Trifolium subterraneum paddocks in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Aldaoud ◽  
W. Guppy ◽  
L. Callinan ◽  
S. F. Flett ◽  
K. A. Wratten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Differential Cultivars

In 1995–96, a survey of soil samples from subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) paddocks was conducted across Victoria, South Australia, New South Wales and Western Australia, to determine the distribution and the prevalence of races of Phytophthora clandestina (as determined by the development of root rot on differential cultivars), and the association of its occurrence with paddock variables. In all states, there was a weak but significant association between P. clandestina detected in soil samples and subsequent root rot susceptibility of differential cultivars grown in these soil samples. Phytophthora clandestina was found in 38% of the sampled sites, with a significantly lower prevalence in South Australia (27%). There were significant positive associations between P. clandestina detection and increased soil salinity (Western Australia), early growth stages of subterranean clover (Victoria), mature subterranean clover (South Australia), recently sown subterranean clover (South Australia), paddocks with higher subterranean clover content (Victoria), where herbicides were not applied (South Australia), irrigation (New South Wales and Victoria), cattle grazing (South Australia and Victoria), early sampling dates (Victoria and New South Wales), sampling shortly after the autumn break or first irrigation (Victoria), shorter soil storage time (Victoria) and farmer’s perception of root rot being present (Victoria and New South Wales). Only 29% of P. clandestina isolates could be classified under the 5 known races. Some of the unknown races were virulent on cv. Seaton Park LF (most resistant) and others were avirulent on cv. Woogenellup (most susceptible). Race 1 was significantly less prevalent in South Australia than Victoria and race 0 was significantly less prevalent in New South Wales than in South Australia and Western Australia. This study revealed extremely wide variation in the virulence of P. clandestina. The potential importance of the results on programs to breed for resistance to root rot are discussed. in South Australia.

Performance of temperate legumes and associated grasses on granitic soils of low fertility in the New England region of New South Wales

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (77) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

A range of temperate annual and perennial legumes, naturalized or commonly sown in the area, was examined at three field sites in low fertility soils derived from granite on the south western slopes of the New England Region, New South Wales. They were compared over a four year period in terms of their persistence, dry matter and nitrogen production and their compatibility with associated temperate perennial grasses, The response of sown grass to nitrogen fertilizer application was also examined in the absence of legume. Ten legumes were examined at one site and six of these at the other two sites. In general, nitrogen yields were ranked similarly to total dry matter yields of all treatments, including grasses in the absence of legume. However, the legumes were ranked differently in terms of productivity of the legume component and productivity of associated grass. At all sites lucerne gave the highest yields of total dry matter and of legume and the lowest yield and persistence of associated grass-comparable to grass growing in the absence of legume or applied nitrogen. Subterranean clover was ranked second or third in total dry matter yield, depending on site, but provided the highest yield of associated grasscomparable to grass receiving high levels of applied nitrogen. Under this legume soil nitrogen levels tended to be highest. Rose clover, sown at one site only, yielded more legume dry matter than subterranean clover but grass yield was comparable to that with lucerne. The results suggest that subterranean clover is the superior legume for successful mixed sowings although inclusion of white clover could be justified. Lucerne appears to be best sown as a pure sward.

Merino ewe and lamb performance in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales following joining in March-April or June-July

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
HL Davies ◽  
E Devaud
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Group Number ◽  
Nutritional Advantage ◽  
June July ◽  
Group 1

A March-April joining of Merino ewes was compared with a June-July joining in central New South Wales at a low stocking rate on subterranean clover based pastures over 3 years. In all years, ewes joined in June were heavier (P < 0.05) than ewes joined in March (55 v. 52 kg). Liveweights at the start of lambing and liveweight change from joining to lambing were also high and favoured the later lambing group. The proportion of ewes lambing (97% March v. 93% June) and proportion of ewes twinning (29% March v. 20% June) were not significantly different between the 2 groups, but consistently favoured the March-April joining. Perinatal mortality was low (9.4% March v. 7.1% June) and not significantly different between the 2 groups, but was consistently lower in the June joined group. Number of lambs weaned per 100 ewes joined was also not significantly different, but was higher each year in the March joined group (1 13% March v. 105% June). The growth rate of the lambs (both singles [24% greater, 248 v. 200 g/day] and twins [37% greater, 2 13 v. 155 g/day]) was consistently in favour of March joined ewes. Mean greasy fleece weights of the ewes were not significantly different between the 2 groups, but were in favour of the late joined group (4.83 v. 4.50 kg). Time of joining significantly affected liveweights and greasy and clean fleece weights of the progeny at the shearing in the year following their birth in favour of March joining. These data suggest that, despite a nutritional advantage to the ewes in late pregnancy and milder weather at lambing with a June-July joining, a March- April joining is the preferred option on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales.

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