The performance of hybrids between Mediterranean and Northern European parents of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerataL.) in a mediterranean type environment

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Knight
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Growth Variation ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Controlled Flowering

Hybrids were produced between seven different parents of Mediterranean origin and two parents of Northern European origin. A special technique of controlled flowering, emasculation, and pollination was used to effect the hybridization. Hybrid plants were grown in undefoliated swards and assessed for cumulative growth, variation in the reproductive phase, tillering, and summer survival. The combining abilities of the parents were estimated for these characters. Hybrids between Mediterranean and Northern European parents were able to respond to summer showers at a time when Mediterranean material was still summer dormant and Northern European material severely affected by dry summer conditions. This out-of-season growth was reflected in the higher yields of the hybrids in the autumn after the main start to the growing season. During midwinter when the Mediterranean material was growing actively the growth of Northern European material ceased and some combinations of Mediterranean and Northern European parents ceased growing. The cessation of growth was attributed to winter dormancy. Plant survival during the summer was 97% for the purely Mediterranean families, 88% for Mediterranean x Northern European families, and 59% for the purely Northern European families. Some of the Mediterranean x Northern European families survived as well as the best Mediterranean families. The potential agricultural value of the Mediterranean x Northern European hybrids and a possible breeding programme with them are discussed.

scholarly journals Trends in drinking patterns among adult population in 15 European countries, 1950 to 2000: a review

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Simpura ◽  
Thomas Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Natural Time ◽  
The Mediterranean

Jussi Simpura & Thomas Karlsson: Trends in drinking patterns among adult population in 15 European countries, 1950 to 2000: a review Under the auspices of the European Comparative Alcohol Study (ECAS), data was compiled on trends in drinking patterns from 15 European countries (EU member countries, Luxembourg excluded, and Norway) from 1950 to 2000. This review is based on existing survey data on adult population. It turned out that (a) only a few countries (Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden) have data on drinking patterns in the 1950s and 1960s, but (b) an increasing number of countries have drinking habit surveys from the 1970s and 1980s onwards (Austria, Denmark, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom) and (c) in the 1990s, almost all EU member countries have conducted surveys with data on drinking patterns (France, Greece, Italy, and Portugal, while Belgium remains the only country with very little data available). The data is, however, too scarce to say anything very certain about trends and the possible homogenisation of drinking patterns. Six indicators were studied in more detail. Abstinence rates fell in the 1960s in the traditionally abstinent Northern European countries, and later among women in the Mediterranean countries. Women's share of drinking also increased in the Northern European countries in the 1970s, but not necessarily elsewhere. With decreasing alcohol consumption in the Mediterranean countries, this means that per capita alcohol consumption among women may well have decreased, too. With a few exceptions, 30 to 50-year-olds were the age group with the highest alcohol consumption. The age distribution showed no general trends. Data on the shape of the population distribution of alcohol consumption was scarce, except for a few countries where the shape did not suggest any systematic changes. Also, data on binge drinking (high intake per single occasion) was mostly scarce, and again, the findings from the few countries with sufficient data showed remarkable stability. Remarkably slow changes were also evident in specific drinking contexts. There may be some signs of slow homogenisation of drinking patterns between the 15 European countries, but the differences are still notable. The main conclusion is that changes in drinking patterns are slow, even amidst rapidly changing living conditions. The natural time scale for such changes is not a few years or even a decade, but a generation.

scholarly journals How sunlight became a commodity in Germany

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 654-655
Author(s):  
Philip Ball
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern European ◽  
The Mediterranean

If you had to guess which country produces the most electrical power from photovoltaics (PV), you would probably draw candidates from sunny places such as the Middle East, the Mediterranean, or the United States. Germany, with its gray northern European skies, seems an unlikely contender.

Developmental and seasonal patterns of mesophyll ultrastructure in Abies balsamea

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Fincher Chabot ◽  
Brian F. Chabot
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Chloroplast Structure ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Mesophyll Ultrastructure ◽  
Accumulation Of Lipids

Changes in mesophyll ultrastructure with development and season are described for Abies balsamea. Cells mature sequentially during expansion of the needles. Most cells appear to be fully mature and actively photosynthesizing at the time of budbreak. Tannins appear early and accumulate throughout the growing season. Winter dormancy is marked by an accumulation of lipids throughout the cell, an aggregation of organelles around the nucleus, some loss of chloroplast structure, and a failure of chloroplasts to form starch grains. Reorganization of cell structure and resumption of synthetic activity in the spring occurs about 2 months before budbreak.

Quid nobis cum pelago? The New Thalassology and the Economic History of Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Peters
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Physical Mobility ◽  
Northern European ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
History Of Europe

The long debate about the nature and decline of the ancient Mediterranean economy and the appearance of a distinctive northern European economy has been considerably enriched by recent research in archaeology, ecology, numismatics, and communications history. Particularly striking has been the expansion of research into untraditional areas—microregional histories of the Mediterranean, hagiography, and the evidence of physical mobility. The result of this expansion has been to redefine the problem of the ancient and the later economies and to suggest new methods for continuing research.

scholarly journals Child burials in domestic contexts at an Iron Age hillfort: The Oppidum of Monte Bernorio (Villarén, Palencia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Carnicero-Cáceres ◽  
Jesús F. Torres-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
European Origin ◽  
The North ◽  
Cantabrian Region ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Funerary Ritual ◽  
Archeological Site

The practice of child burials underneath house floors in the Late Prehistory has been considered a characteristic trait of the Iberian religion. However, this custom has also been documented in different archaeological sites both in the Mediterranean and Central Europe as well as Celtic areas of the Iberian Peninsula, so we can explain this funerary practice by an Indo-European origin. We report the archeotanatological and osteoarcheological study of 10 subadults found in the Iron Age site of Monte Bernorio oppidum, the first archeological site in the western and central Cantabrian region with this funerary rite documented. It is the confirmation of both, the survival of an ancient funerary ritual, widely extended in all Europe, and its presence in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. We also review all the archeological sites in the Iberian Peninsula with similar archeological contexts and analyse the rite from the bioarcheology of the care.

A taste for art in colonial Queensland: The Queensland Art Gallery Foundational Bequest of Thomas Lodge Murray-Prior

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Kerry Heckenberg
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Art Collecting ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Thomas Lodge

AbstractThis study arose from an encounter with some paintings (still lives, Madonnas and other religious or genre scenes of mainly seventeenth-century Northern European origin) at the Queensland Art Gallery in 2012. They were intriguing because they were part of a bequest by squatter and colonial parliamentarian Thomas Lodge Murray-Prior (1819–92), which formed the nucleus of the original Queensland Art Gallery collection when it opened in 1895. Little is known about them, but they raise questions: What part did they play in the life of the donor? Did he collect them merely to burnish his reputation? Were they hung in a town house or in the bush? How did they enter the collection of the Queensland Art Gallery and what reception did they receive? What subsequent use has been made of them? This article examines the collection and the role it played in Murray-Prior's life, arguing that it is a coherent collection of Northern European art and more than a status symbol. Furthermore, it has much to say about a period that saw the development of art collecting and exhibiting. As such, it is the perfect foundation for an art gallery in colonial Australia.

Cool season performance of some tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) lines at Canberra, A.C.T

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (38) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Neal-Smith ◽  
LG Wright
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
The Mediterranean

Two trials to compare the seasonal and total production of a selected number of lines of tall fescue (Fescuca arundinacea) were conducted at Canberra, A.C.T., over the period 1961-1967. In the first trial 19 lines, 10 of Mediterranean and 9 of non-Mediterranean origin, were compared under replicated spaced plant conditions for two years. The yields of three Mediterranean lines C.P.I. 18948 (Algeria), 18952, and 18954 (Morocco) were significantly greater than any other line except in 1962 when C.P.I. 26996 (Scotland) and Goar's fescue (C.P.I. 27202) were as productive. In the second trial four of the most productive Mediterranean lines of tall fescue, CV. Demeter, one line of Dactylis glomerata and two lines of Phalaris tuberosa were compared in simulated sward conditions at Canberra from 1965 to 1967. In 1966, a favourable year, production in the Mediterranean tall fescues was little below that of the two phalaris lines, but in 1965 and 1967, both drought years, winter and total production were significantly less. Plant survival in the Algerian and Moroccan tall fescues was greater than in all other grasses in the trial.

scholarly journals Mediterranean dietary pattern and mortality among young women: a cohort study in Sweden

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagona Lagiou ◽  
Dimitrios Trichopoulos ◽  
Sven Sandin ◽  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Lorelei Mucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
European Population ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Traditional Mediterranean Diet

Studies of diet and health focus increasingly on dietary patterns. Although the traditional Mediterranean diet is perceived as being healthy, there is little information on its possible benefit to young people. We studied whether closer adherence to the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern was associated with overall and cancer mortality in a cohort of 42237 young women, aged 30–49 years at enrolment, who were recruited in 1991–2 from the general population in the Uppsala Health Care Region, Sweden, and followed up, almost completely, for about 12 years. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 10-point score incorporating the characteristics of this diet. Among women less than 40 years old at enrolment – whose causes of death are mainly cancer with probable genetic influences, injuries or suicide – there was no association of the Mediterranean diet score with total or cancer mortality. Among women 40–49 years old at enrolment, a 2-point increase in the score was associated with considerable reductions in overall mortality (13%; 95% CI 1%, 23%; P∼0·05) and cancer mortality (16%; 95% CI −1%, 29%; P∼0·06). Few cardiovascular deaths occurred in this cohort of young women. The findings of the present study in a northern European population of young women indicate that closer adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern reduces mortality even among young persons.

Increasing compound warm spells and droughts during the growing season in the Mediterranean Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Vogel ◽  
Eva Paton
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Standardised Precipitation Index ◽  
Compound Events ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

<p>The Mediterranean Basin is known as a hot spot of climate change and therefore especially prone to increasing frequencies of warm spells and droughts. Investigating these events in isolation neglects their interactions, which illustrates the need to account for such compound events in a holistic manner. We analysed during which months the frequency of compound warm spells and droughts increased most over the 40-year period from 1979 – 2018. Warm spells and droughts were detected using daily maximum air temperature, precipitation and potential evaporation data from ERA 5. The two drought indices Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were calculated.</p><p>Our results show the number of compound events increases substantially for almost the entire Mediterranean indicating that novel climatic conditions are occurring. The increases in compound events are predominantly driven by the rising number of warm spells, whereas SPI droughts remain almost constant. However, the rising temperatures lead to higher evapotranspiration, which alters the water balance in the Mediterranean. Therefore, the SPEI droughts shows significant increases in contrast to the SPI, indicating that even though the amount of precipitation does not decrease, the Mediterranean Basin is likely facing drier conditions due to increasing evapotranspiration. The highest changes in the number of compound warm spells and droughts occur in the time span from late winter to early summer. This finding is particularly relevant for Mediterranean ecosystems because this period encompasses the main growing season, and therefore ecosystem productivity and carbon sequestration might be reduced.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document