The relation between weather and fruitfulness of the sultana vine

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The percentage of fruitful buds on sultanas is shown to be closely related to the weather over 3 weeks in late November and early December mdash; that is, during the period when the inflorescence primordia are differentiated. The two factors concerned are the hours of bright sunshine and the sum of daily maximum temperatures from 82 to 90°F. An estimate of the start of the period for which these weather elements are effective can be made by summing mean temperatures from bud burst. The study covers 18 years, 1945 to 1962 inclusive. Fruitfulness was lower than expected in the first 9 years, and higher in the second 9 years, possibly because of the use of Bordeaux spray in the first period and its replacement by organic sprays in the second. Fruitfulness can be forecast within practical confidence limits from a regression developed for fruitfulness from 1954 to 1962 inclusive on sunshine and maximum temperatures.

Dormancy and time of bud burst in the sultana vine

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Daily Minimum ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Time of bud burst for sultana vines at Merbein has been closely related to sums of daily temperatures at four periods during bud dormancy by a multiple regression covering 17 years, the result being supported by field trials of vine heating. Bud burst is delayed by higher daily maximum temperatures in May. Higher daily minimum temperatures in late June and in July, or higher daily maximum temperatures in August and until burst, are associated with earlier bud burst. Studies of bud dry weight and moisture have suggested that the change-over between the association of higher daily minimum temperatures and higher daily maximum temperatures with earlier bud burst occurs at a specified sum of degrees by which daily minimum temperatures fall below 50°F, giving dates ranging from July 5 to August 7 for the years of the regression. This appears to be the beginning of imposed dormancy. Use of the regression for predicting time of bud burst is discussed.

Using Land Cover, Population, and Night Light Data for Assessing Local Temperature Differences in Mainz, Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Lindén ◽  
Jan Esper ◽  
Björn Holmer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
The City

AbstractUrban areas are believed to affect temperature readings, thereby biasing the estimation of twentieth-century warming at regional to global scales. The precise effect of changes in the surroundings of meteorological stations, particularly gradual changes due to urban growth, is difficult to determine. In this paper, data from 10 temperature stations within 15 km of the city of Mainz (Germany) over a period of 842 days are examined to assess the connection between temperature and the properties of the station surroundings, considering (i) built/paved area surface coverage, (ii) population, and (iii) night light intensity. These properties were examined in circles with increasing radii from the stations to identify the most influential source areas. Daily maximum temperatures Tmax, as well as daily average temperatures, are shown to be significantly influenced by elevation and were adjusted before the analysis of anthropogenic surroundings, whereas daily minimum temperatures Tmin were not. Significant correlations (p < 0.1) between temperature and all examined properties of station surroundings up to 1000 m are found, but the effects are diminished at larger distance. Other factors, such as slope and topographic position (e.g., hollows), were important, especially to Tmin. Therefore, properties of station surroundings up to 1000 m from the stations are most suitable for the assessment of potential urban influence on Tmax and Tmin in the temperate zone of central Europe.

Physician Burnout and the Electronic Health Record Leading up to and During The First Year of COVID-19: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Scott Kruse ◽  
Michael Mileski ◽  
Gevin Dray ◽  
Zakia Johnson ◽  
Cameron Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Design Experiments

BACKGROUND Physician burnout was first identified in 1974, and it has been particularly prevalent during the first year of the pandemic. OBJECTIVE To objectively analyze the literature over the last five years for empirical evidence of burnout incident to the EHR and to identify barriers, facilitators, associated patient satisfaction to using the EHR to improve symptoms of burnout. METHODS No human subjects were used in this review, however 100% of participants in studies analyzed were adult physicians. Four research databases and one targeted journal were queried for studies commensurate with the objective statement from January 1, 2016 through January 31st 2021 (n=25). RESULTS The hours spent in documentation and workflow are responsible for the sense of loss of autonomy, lack of work-life balance, lack of control of one’s schedule, cognitive fatigue, a general loss of autonomy and poor relationships with colleagues. Researchers have identified training, local customization of templates and workflow, and the use of scribes to alleviate the administrative burden of the EHR and decreased symptoms of burnout. CONCLUSIONS The solutions provided in the literature only addressed two of the three factors, workflow and documentation time, but not the third, usability. Practitioners and administrators should focus on the former two factors because they are within their sphere of control. EHR vendors should focus on empirical evidence to identify usability features with the greatest impact to improve. Researchers should design experiments to explore solutions that address all three factors of the EHR that contribute to burnout. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.2196/15490

scholarly journals Extreme Temperature Events in Serbia in Relation to Atmospheric Circulation

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Ivana Tošić ◽  
Suzana Putniković ◽  
Milica Tošić ◽  
Irida Lazić
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Extreme Temperature Events ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, extremely warm and cold temperature events were examined based on daily maximum (Tx) and minimum (Tn) temperatures observed at 11 stations in Serbia during the period 1949–2018. Summer days (SU), warm days (Tx90), and heat waves (HWs) were calculated based on daily maximum temperatures, while frost days (FD) and cold nights (Tn10) were derived from daily minimum temperatures. Absolute maximum and minimum temperatures in Serbia rose but were statistically significant only for Tx in winter. Positive trends of summer and warm days, and negative trends of frost days and cold nights were found. A high number of warm events (SU, Tx90, and HWs) were recorded over the last 20 years. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models were applied to find the relationship between extreme temperature events and atmospheric circulation. Typical atmospheric circulation patterns, previously determined for Serbia, were used as predictor variables. It was found that MLR models gave the best results for Tx90, FD, and Tn10 in winter.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT JERUK ASAL KUOK HASIL OKULASI PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT NAUNGAN DAN UMUR BATANG BAWAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gusriani Gusriani ◽  
Tiara Septirosya ◽  
Ahmad Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Bud Burst ◽  
State University ◽  
Time Length ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Burst Time ◽  
Plot Design

Citrus that comes from Kuok is one of famous local comodity in Riau Province with limited production. To improve the production of citrus it can be done by serving the superior seed throught budding. Rootstock aged and shading levels give effect to the success of budding process. The aims of the study were to obtain the best shade level, suitable rootstock aged and the interaction of rootstock aged with shade level on budding success. This study was conducted on December 2018 to March 2019 at the Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture and Animals Science, Islam State University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. This study used split plot design with two factors, shading levels (0%, 50%, 70%) and rootstock aged (4, 8, 12 month) with three replications. The parameters this measured in this study were growth percentage of buds, percentage of sprout, percentage of dormancy, bud burst time, length of buds and number of leaves. The results showed that shade level of 0% and the age of rootstock 4 months produced the best growth of citrus seedlings. There is interaction between the shade level 0% and rootstock aged 12 month to the growth of the budding citrus seedlings. 

scholarly journals Long-term Effect of Temperature and Triadimefon on Proliferation of Uncinula necator: Implications for Fungicide Resistance and Disease Risk Assessment

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1187-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Ypema ◽  
W. D. Gubler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uncinula Necator ◽  
Risk Assessment Models ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Triadimefon has been used in California to control Uncinula necator, causal agent of grape powdery mildew, since 1982. Instances of unsatisfactory control have occurred mainly in the cooler coastal areas of California. The effect of temperature and application of triadimefon was investigated over a 53-day-period on two U. necator isolates, sensitive and resistant to triadimefon. At 15°C, 25°C, or temperatures fluctuating between 15 and 25°C, in absence of triadimefon, the isolates continued to produce high numbers of conidia for the entire duration of the experiment. Sporulation declined at daily maximum temperatures of 32°C for 6 h, 36°C for 3 h, and 40°C for 1 h, but was detectable when the experiment was terminated. At these temperature regimes, sporulation of the triadimefon-treated sensitive isolate ceased after 23 days. When treated with triadimefon, sporulation of the resistant isolate was comparable to that of the water-treated control. At daily maximum temperatures of 32°C for 11 h, 36°C for 6 h, and 40°C for 3 h, sporulation of both isolates generally ceased after 23 days, regardless of triadimefon application. Triadimefon resistance is most likely to manifest itself under high disease pressure, which is in part a function of temperature. The duration of daily maximum temperatures may be a valuable addition to disease risk assessment models.

Fire activity in Portugal and its relationship to weather and the Canadian Fire Weather Index System

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carvalho ◽  
M. D. Flannigan ◽  
K. Logan ◽  
A. I. Miranda ◽  
C. Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Fire Weather ◽  
Weather Index ◽  
Fire Weather Index ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
System Components ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Forward Stepwise ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The relationships among the weather, the Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) System components, the monthly area burned, and the number of fire occurrences from 1980 to 2004 were investigated in 11 Portuguese districts that represent respectively 66% and 61% of the total area burned and number of fires in Portugal. A statistical approach was used to estimate the monthly area burned and the monthly number of fires per district, using meteorological variables and FWI System components as predictors. The approach succeeded in explaining from 60.9 to 80.4% of the variance for area burned and between 47.9 and 77.0% of the variance for the number of fires; all regressions were highly significant (P < 0.0001). The monthly mean and the monthly maximum of daily maximum temperatures and the monthly mean and extremes (maximum and 90th percentile) of the daily FWI were selected for all districts, except for Bragança and Porto, in the forward stepwise regression for area burned. For all districts combined, the variance explained was 80.9 and 63.0% for area burned and number of fires, respectively. Our results point to highly significant relationships among forest fires in Portugal and the weather and the Canadian FWI System. The present analysis provides baseline information for predicting the area burned and number of fires under future climate scenarios and the subsequent impacts on air quality.

scholarly journals Does an August Singularity Exist in the Northern Rockies of the United States?

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1845-1850
Author(s):  
Peter T. Soulé ◽  
Paul A. Knapp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
Northern Rockies ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Time Of Year

Abstract Climatic singularities offer a degree of orderliness to notable meteorological events that are typically characterized by significant temporal variability. Significant deviations from normal daily maximum temperatures that occur following the passage of a strong midlatitude cyclone in mid- to late August in the northern Rocky Mountains of the United States are recognized in the local culture as the “August Singularity.” Daily standardized maximum temperature anomalies for August–October were examined for eight climate stations in Montana and Idaho as indicators of major midlatitude storms. The data indicate that a single-day negative maximum temperature singularity exists for 13 August. Further, a 3-day singularity event exists for 24–26 August. It is concluded that the concept of an August Singularity in the northern Rockies is valid, because the high frequency of recorded negative maximum temperature anomalies suggests that there are specific time intervals during late summer that are more likely to experience a major midlatitude storm. The principal benefit to society for the August Singularity is that the reduced temperatures help in the efforts to control wildfires that are common this time of year in the northern Rockies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document