Two unrelated viruses which cause woodiness of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims)

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Taylor ◽  
KA Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Sesbania Exaltata ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Passion Fruit Woodiness Virus

In Victoria cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has been shown to be the cause of the woodiness disease of Passifloua edulis. This virus causes a slow decline of infected P. edulis seedlings, and a more rapid decline of vines grafted onto P. caerulea rootstocks. In Queensland a similar disease of passion fruit also occurs. The Queensland disease was shown to be caused by a virus which differed markedly from CMV, This virus, which is designated herein as passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV), has flexuous rod-shaped particles about 670 mµ in length. PWV was shown to be stylet-borne by the aphid Myzus persicae and to be transmitted to Phaseolus vulgaris and Sesbania exaltata by sap inoculation. The physical properties of PWV were determined, and two isolates of the virus were purified and antisera prepared against them.

Physical properties of yellow passion fruit seeds (Passiflora edulis) during the drying process

2020 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 109032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Eduardo Viana de Araujo ◽  
Eloiny Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Augusto Cesar Laviola de Oliveira ◽  
Raquel Santana Milagres ◽  
Francisco de Assis de Carvalho Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

scholarly journals Cría y evaluación de la capacidad de depredación de Chrysoperla externa sobre Neohydatothrips signifer, trips plaga del cultivo de maracuyá

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordano Salamanca Bastidas ◽  
Edgar Herney Varón Devia ◽  
Óscar Santos Amaya
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Productive System ◽  
Predatory Capacity

<p>El cultivo de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis forma flavicarpa) es un importante sistema productivo de la región del Huila que genera ingresos para aproximadamente 2000 familias en el departamento. Los trips son la plaga más limitante del cultivo, ya que son causantes de daños hasta de un 95% en terminales y de costos de manejo de $1.048.278/ hectárea/año. Para su control los agricultores usan productos químicos, algunos de los cuales son muy tóxicos. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) Establecer una metodología de cría para la obtención de larvas y adultos de Chrysoperla externa y Neohydatothrips signifer, y 2) Evaluar la capacidad de depredación de este depredador sobre el trips. Para ello se llevó a cabo la cría del insecto sobre tres tipos de dieta natural. Además se crió el depredador C. externa sobre cuatro dietas naturales y finalmente se establecieron pruebas de depredación de C. externa sobre N. signifer. Se presentaron diferencias significativas en la obtención de ninfas de N. signifer, mantenido en las diferentes dietas (Pr &gt; F &lt;.0001) (frijol: 151,2 ± 34,54; maracuyá: 17,8 ± 9,59 y vainas de habichuela: 0), pero no en la obtención de adultos. En la cría de C. externa no se presentaron diferencias significativas, sin embargo, se evidenció una mejor respuesta a la alimentación con huevos de Sitotroga cerealella (60%) frente a larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda (40%), adultos de áfidos (30%) y ninfas de N. signifer (10%). El porcentaje de depredación de cada estadio larval de C. externa mostró diferencias significativas entre el estadio III (Pr &gt; F =.0004) (99,95% ± 0,004%) y los estadios I (98,39% ± 0,005%) y II (97,77% ± 0,005%). Así mismo, el consumo diario de cada estadio larval de C. externa mostró diferencias significativas entre el estadio III (Pr &gt; F &lt;,0001) (34,44 ± 0,022 individuos) y los estadios I (27,22 ± 0,009 individuos) y II (26,11± 0,007 individuos).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Breeding and Test of the Predatory Capacity of Chrysoperla externa on Neohydatothrips signifer, a Pestiferous Trips of the Passion Fruit Crop</strong></p><p>The passion fruit vine (Passiflora edulis forma flavicarpa) is an important productive system of the Huila region, and generates incomes for 2000 families, approximately. Trips are the most important pests of this crop, since they cause up to 95% of damage on apical meristems, and their cost of control is up to $1.048.278/hectare/year. For their control, the growers use chemical agents, some of them rated as highly toxic. The objectives of this study were: 1) To establish a methodology to obtain larvae and adults of Chrysoperla externa and Neohydatothrips signifer and 2) To evaluate the consumptiom capacity of C. externa on N. signifer trips. In order to achieve that, a N signifier breeding was established based on three natural diets. Also, the predator C. externa was bred on four diets and finally, predation tests of C. externa on N. signifier were established. Significant differences were found in the obtaining of nymphs of N. signifer. (Pr &gt; F &lt;.0001) (Phaseolus vulgaris leaves: 151. 2 ± 34.54; Passiflora edulis leaves: 17.8 ± 9.59 and Phaseolus vulgaris var. vulgaris pods: 0), but such a difference was not found for adults. In the breeding of adults of C. externa we did not find significant differences among treatments, nevertheless there was a slight better response to the feeding with Sitotroga cerealella eggs (60%) compared to the feeding with larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (40%), adults of aphids (Rophalosiphum maidis) (30%) and nymphs of N. signifer (10%). The percentage of total predation of each larval instar of C. externa showed significant differences between instar III (Pr &gt; F &lt;.0004) (99.95% ± 0.004%) compared to instars I (98.39% ± 0.005%) and II (97.77% ± 0.005%). On the other hand, the daily consumption of each larval instar of C .externa showed significant differences between instar III (Pr &gt; F &lt;.0001) (34.44 ± 0.022 individuals) compared to instars I (27.22 ± 0.009 individuals) and II (26.11± 0,007 individuals). </p>

Passion fruit woodiness virus. [Distribution map].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Passion Fruit Woodiness Virus ◽  
Virus Distribution ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Passion fruit woodiness virus McKnight. Hosts: Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Kenya, ASIA, Brunei, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, SOUTH AMERICA, Surinam.

scholarly journals Selected mild strains of Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV) fail to protect pre-immunized vines in Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quelmo Silva de Novaes ◽  
Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Severe Strain ◽  
Protected Plants ◽  
Passion Fruit Woodiness Virus

The Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV) is the most important virus affecting passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) crops in Brazil. The main purpose of this work was to select mild strains of PWV and to evaluate their protective effect against a severe strain of the virus. Three mild strains were selected from outstanding plants found in orchards severely affected by the virus (F-101, F-102 and F-103) and three others were obtained from blisters formed in passion fruit vine leaves showing mosaic (F-99, F-144 and F-145). The protective effect of the mild strains was evaluated for vines under greenhouse and field conditions. Plants pre-immunized with mild strains F-101, F-102 and F-144, in a greenhouse, had partial protection against the severe strain PWV-SP. In a first field experiment, all passion fruit vines pre-immunized with the six selected mild strains showed severe symptoms of the disease, approximately four months after the challenge inoculation with the PWV-SP strain. Results from a second field experiment, with vines pre-immunized with strains F-101 and F-144, followed by a quantitative evaluation of the mild strains in different leaves of the protected plants, indicated that breakdown in protection seems to be related to the low concentration and/or irregular distribution of the mild strains in leaves, which allows the existence of infection sites available for the establishment of the severe strain. Pre-immunization was not an appropriate alternative for the control of the passion fruit woodiness disease.

scholarly journals Protection between strains of Passion fruit woodiness virus in sunnhemp

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quelmo S. Novaes ◽  
Jorge A. M. Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Mild Strain ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Severe Strain ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Passion Flower ◽  
Passion Fruit Woodiness Virus ◽  
Virus Distribution

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea) host species on the protective ability of two mild strains of Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV), named F-101 and F-144, which had failed to protect passion flowers (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) in previous experiments. The nucleotide sequences of the capsid protein (CP) gene and the 3'-non-translated region (3'-NTR) of these mild strains and the severe strain of PWV-SP were compared to confirm their relationship. The results of two protective tests with sunhemp plants in the greenhouse and one test under field conditions showed that all plants infected with either mild strain were protected against infection and/or symptom expression of the severe strain of PWV-SP. Evaluation of the relative concentration of the mild strains in sun hemp leaves showed an apparent uniformity in virus distribution in the leaf tissues, different than that which was previously reported for these mild strains in passion flower leaves. These results agree with previous studies that showed the effect of the concentration of the protective strains and the host species in the protection process.

scholarly journals Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) orchard intercropped with different green manure crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilândia Farias Dantas ◽  
Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas ◽  
Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de Lyra ◽  
Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva Santos ◽  
Stella Jorge de Carvalho Neta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Passiflora Edulis Sims

Green manures can replace or supplement mineral fertilization and add organic matter to the soils, ensuring greater sustainability to fruit growing in semiarid regions. Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen were determined on an irrigated yellow passion fruit orchard (Passiflora edulis Sims) intercropped separately with three cover crops: sunn hemp, Crotalaria juncea (L.); pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill; and jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. In a fourth treatment, legumes were not planted, but spontaneous vegetation was left to grow freely. The legumes were croped for 90 days in three lines (0.5 m apart) inside the passion fruit plant lines (2.5 m apart). Fixation and transfers were determined by the 15N natural abundance technique, using sunflower as a reference plant. The three planted legumes nodulated abundantly and fixed nitrogen in high proportions (between 50 and 90% of their N), forming symbiosis with bacteria naturally established in the soil. Jack bean produced more biomass than sunn hemp and pigeon pea, and as much as the spontaneous plants, of which 23% were legumes. The amounts of fixed N (150, 43, 30 and 29 kg ha-1) were determined mainly by the biomass of legumes. More than 40% of the N of passion fruit plants came from the biological nitrogen fixation of the intercropped jack bean, which provided an amount of N higher than that exported in the fruits, generating a positive balance of more than 100 kg ha-1. Therefore, it is recommended to intercrop jack bean in irrigated passion fruit orchards.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Purple Passion Fruit, Passiflora edulis f. edulis, Based on Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers Discovered through Genotyping by Sequencing

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Nohra Castillo Rodríguez ◽  
Xingbo Wu ◽  
María Isabel Chacón ◽  
Luz Marina Melgarejo ◽  
Matthew Wohlgemuth Blair
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Purple Passion Fruit

Orphan crops, which include many of the tropical fruit species used in the juice industry, lack genomic resources and breeding efforts. Typical of this dilemma is the lack of commercial cultivars of purple passion fruit, Passiflora edulis f. edulis, and of information on the genetic resources of its substantial semiwild gene pool. In this study, we develop single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for the species and show that the genetic diversity of this fruit crop has been reduced because of selection for cultivated genotypes compared to the semiwild landraces in its center of diversity. A specific objective of the present study was to determine the genetic diversity of cultivars, genebank accession, and landraces through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and to conduct molecular evaluation of a broad collection for the species P. edulis from a source country, Colombia. We included control genotypes of yellow passion fruit, P. edulis f. flavicarpa. The goal was to evaluate differences between fruit types and compare landraces and genebank accessions from in situ accessions collected from farmers. In total, 3820 SNPs were identified as informative for this diversity study. However, the majority distinguished yellow and purple passion fruit, with 966 SNPs useful in purple passion fruits alone. In the population structure analysis, purple passion fruits were very distinct from the yellow ones. The results for purple passion fruits alone showed reduced diversity for the commercial cultivars while highlighting the higher diversity found among landraces from wild or semi-wild conditions. These landraces had higher heterozygosity, polymorphism, and overall genetic diversity. The implications for genetics and breeding as well as evolution and ecology of purple passion fruits based on the extant landrace diversity are discussed with consideration of manual or pollinator-assisted hybridization of this species.

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