Studies on the sultana vine. 4. A pruning experiment with number of buds per vine varied, number of buds per cane constant

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Antcliff ◽  
WJ Webster ◽  
P May
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Decrease

A pruning experiment is described in which the number of buds per vine was varied by varying the number of canes retained, the number of buds per cane being held constant. With increasing number of canes per vine, per cent. bud burst generally showed a linear decrease, and per cent. fruitful shoots, although generally not affected, showed a similar effect after years of high fruitfulness. Bunch number and weight of fresh fruit harvested increased linearly with increasing cane number. Sugar content decreased and number of mature buds produced increased with increasing cane number. Weight of fresh fruit was positively correlated with bunch number, and negatively correlated with sugar content and number of mature buds. Bunch number was positively correlated with per cent. bud burst. The yield from 10 canes in a year of low fruitfulness was no greater than the yield from 4 canes in a year of high fruitfulness. In the high year evidence suggesting overloading on vines with more than seven canes was obtained from the sugar content and bud number results. Vines returned to uniform pruning treatment after a year of high fruitfulness, the third year of the experiment, showed residual effects in the first season but not thereafter. It is concluded that by regulating the number of canes according to the potential fruitfulness found by microscopical examination before pruning, overloading can be avoided in very fruitful seasons and the crop can be improved in years of low fruitfulness. However, complete uniformity of crop from year to year cannot be achieved.

scholarly journals Stalk and sucrose yield in response to nitrogen fertilization of sugarcane under reduced tillage

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Fortes ◽  
Paulo César Ocheuze Trivelin ◽  
André César Vitti ◽  
Rafael Otto ◽  
Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Stalk Yield ◽  
Sugarcane Ratoon

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agroindustrial production of sugarcane (millable stalks and sucrose yield) after successive nitrogen fertilizations of plant cane and ratoons in a reduced tillage system. The experiment was carried out at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, on a Rhodic Eutrustox soil, during four consecutive crop cycles (March 2005 to July 2009). Plant cane treatments consisted of N-urea levels (control, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1 P2O5 and K2O in furrow application). In the first and second ratoons, the plant cane plots were subdivided in N-ammonium nitrate treatments (control, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1 N + 150 kg ha-1 K2O as top dressing over rows). In the third ratoon, N fertilization was leveled to 100 kg ha-1 in all plots, including controls, to detect residual effects of previous fertilizations on the last crop's cycle. Sugarcane ratoon was mechanically harvested. A weighing truck was used to evaluate stalk yield (TCH), and samples were collected in the field for analysis of sugar content (TSH). Increasing N doses and meteorological conditions promote significant responses in TCH and TSH in cane plant and ratoons, in the average and accumulated yield of the consecutive crop cycles.

scholarly journals Effect of the genotype: Environmental interaction on phenotype variation of the bunch weight in white wine varieties

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Sivcev ◽  
Nevena Petrovic ◽  
Zorica Rankovic-Vasic ◽  
Dragica Radovanovic ◽  
Ana Vukovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proportional Relation ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sum Of Active Temperatures

The aim of this paper is to establish the interaction of phenotypical variations, components of yield for the widest spread wine varieties and external factors of the Danube region in the central Serbia. The number of fruitful buds per vine for twenty-one varieties was the same, whereas the yield and the components of the yield were different. The growing season, from bud burst to full ripening of the grapevine and the sum of active temperatures for the same period, were of crucial importance. In the factor analysis, three factors have been singled out: the first factor couples the mean air temperature; the second factor delineates the values according to genotype characteristics, sugar content and acids in the must, and the third factor indicates that bunch weight had the major effect on the yield of grapes. By the application of bunch analysis, a hierarchy tree was formed to include the four groups of varieties. The most numerous group, consisting of 18 varieties, is characterized by top quality grapes (21.5% sugar content), medium yield (1.52 kg/m2) and a proportional relation of total acids (7.5 g/l) and this is achieved during the middle of the ripening period.

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Tarafder ◽  
MQ Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008 

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTED SUCROSE AND INJECTED INSULIN UNDER DIFFERENT RECOVERY TIME ON GLUCOSE, FRUCTOSE AND RIBOSE MEAT LAMB

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Elis Dihansih ◽  
Eddie Gurnadi ◽  
C. Hanny Wijaya ◽  
Rudy Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Flavor Quality ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

An experiment was conducted in order to study the influence of supplemented sucrose and  injected insulin under  different recovery  times following  transportation on lamb flavor quality. For the purpose the study used fifty four female local lamb (10 to 12 months of  age)  with  weight  ranging  from  14  to  17  kg.  The  experimental lamb  were assigned into a completely randomized design with 2x3x3 factorial arrangement with 3 replications. The first factor was sucrose supplementation with 2 levels (0 and  6 g/kg body weight).  The second factor was insulin injection  after  transportation with 3 levels (0, 0,3 and 0,6 IU). The third factor was the duration of recovery  times with 3 levels (2, 4 and 6 h prior to slaughtering). Parameters measured were glucose, fructose, and ribose. Results showed that   feeding  sugar and  injecting  insulin to  lamb  following  transportation increased glucose, fructose, and  ribose content of raw  meat while recovery  time  was not  affect meat sugar content. Interaction was not occur  between treatment of Sugar, insulin, and recovery  time.

scholarly journals Study of Growing Flue-cured Tobacco in Croatia under Various Conditions of Irrigation and Nitrogen Nutrition

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cavlek ◽  
I Tursic ◽  
T Cosic
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sugar Levels

AbstractThree field experiments were conducted at the experimental station of the Tobacco Institute Zagreb in Pitomaca during the years 1990 and 1992, 1993-1996 and 1999-2000 to determine the effects of irrigation at different soil moisture levels [40-100%, 60-100%, 80-100% of plant available water, (PAW)], of different starting times of irrigation (vegetative phase, early flowering stage, continuously), and of irrigation combined with nitrogen nutrition (0, 20, 40, 60 kg/ha N) on the yields and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The first two experiments involved block methods, the third involved the split-plot method.In the first experiment, irrigation led to an increase in yield (3-38%), in price/kg (15-69%) and in reducing sugar content (18-89%) and a reduction of nicotine content (20-39%) in the flue-cured leaves. Additional irrigation at the early flowering stage and constant maintenance of soil moisture at a higher level resulted in somewhat lower yields but better visually estimated tobacco quality and, as expected, had a marked influence on the contents of nicotine and reducing sugars.In the second experiment, irrigated tobacco gave higher yields in two of the four trial years, which were significant in 1995 (13-21%), higher reducing sugar levels in 1994 (20-34%) and a marked reduction of nicotine content in cured leaves in all years (11-56%). Under conditions identical with or similar to those used in this research, irrigation may be started at the early flowering stage.In the third experiment, in both years irrigated tobacco showed significantly higher yields, price/kg and reducing sugar levels and significantly lower nicotine content. Averaging the two years indicated increases of 17%, 12% and 26% and a decrease of 29%, respectively. Higher amounts of nitrogen fertilizer promoted yield (up to 32%) and nicotine content (up to 76%), while decreasing reducing sugar levels (by up to 52%). Also, the price/kg of tobacco fertilized with more than 20 kg/ha of nitrogen dropped by as much as 26%.

IMPACT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON STORAGE TIME AND QUALITY OF GRAPES

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
N. N. Loy ◽  
N. I. Sanzharova ◽  
T. V. Chizh ◽  
S. N. Gulina
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Mode

The effect of gamma radiation in the dose range of 0.5-3.0 kGy (dose rate of 100 Gy / h) on the shelf life and quality of the grapes was studied. It has been established that storage of irradiated grapes under different conditions for temperature and humidity: 1 mode - t - 3-50 С, humidity 76%, 2 - t - 10.80 С, humidity 83.4% and 3 - t – 17.50 С, humidity 73%, influenced the efficiency of irradiation. It was noted that with 1 mode, the smallest weight loss of the fetuses was observed at a dose of 1.5 kGy (1%), with 2 mode losses were at the control level (dose 3.0 kGy) or exceeded it by 3-3.5 times (doses 0.5 and 1.5 kGy). In the third mode, with radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy, weight loss on day 3 reached 2 and 4%, respectively, and remained unchanged throughout the experiment, which was 5 and 3 times lower than in the control, and when irradiated with a dose The mass loss at 3.0 kGy on the date of the last counting, as in the control variant, was 14%. It was shown that with the first storage mode, with the irradiation doses of 0.5-3.0 kGy, the sugar content increased by 13-31%, and with the second mode - by 4-8%. In the third mode, the sugar content was at the control level at a dose of 3.0 kGy and 10 and 5% below the control when irradiated with doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy. Irradiation of grapes in the range of 0.5–3.0 kGy resulted in a statistically significant increase in ascorbic acid by a factor of 2–2.5 in 1 mode, a decrease of 18–36% in 2 mode and multidirectional effects in 3 mode.

PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF SUGARS IN PLANTS

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. S. Bidwell ◽  
G. Krotkov ◽  
G. B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wheat Leaves

A chromatographic method for the qualitative and rough quantitative estimation of sugars and soluble phosphates in plants is described. Using this method, representatives of 27 families of Spermatophyta and 10 representatives of Algae have been examined. In Spermatophyta the total sugar content was found to be fairly high, with sucrose usually the main sugar, and glucose predominating over fructose. In Chlorophyta, the concentration and the nature of the sugars present were fairly similar to those in Spermatophyta. In Phaeo-phyta, Rhodophyta, and a diatom Nitzschia, the soluble sugar content was very low, with glucose usually being the main sugar. The distribution of sugars in aquatic Spermatophyta was similar to that of terrestrial Spermatophyta rather than that of Algae. When wheat leaves were detached and placed on water in darkness, subsequent metabolism of their sugars was found to be markedly affected by the conditions of illumination prior to leaf detachment. On illumination, detached wheat leaves accumulated large amounts of alcohol soluble fructosans, while attached leaves did not. In detached wheat leaves during prolonged starvation, soluble phosphates, both organic and inorganic began to accumulate after two days, indicating breakdown of some insoluble forms of phosphorus. By this time free sugars had completely disappeared, though sucrose reappeared in relatively large amounts on the third day and then declined again.

Bacteriological and Clinical Observations on the Blood of Cases suffering from Acute Continuous Mania

1903 ◽  
Vol 49 (205) ◽  
pp. 219-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis C. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Adult Woman ◽  
Necrotic Area ◽  
Acute Mania ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clinical Observations

Two years ago, when the toxic theory of the causation of insanity was attracting attention in this country, I made a series of observations on the blood of acute recent cases of insanity with the object of ascertaining whether organisms were ever present. In no case, with the exception of one of general paralysis, did I ever find an organism in the blood. It occurred to me, however, that if I could make an aseptic necrotic area subcutaneously, the serum and pus in such an area would be a suitable nidus for the growth of organisms circulating in the blood, and that by aspirating the serum and pus and placing it in suitable nutrient media one should be able to grow such organisms, if present. Acting upon this theory, I took a case of acute mania—an adult woman—and, with antiseptic precautions, injected into the soft tissues of the flank 2 c.c. of turpentine.(1) An abscess formed, and on the third day after the injection I aspirated some fluid, consisting of blood-serum and pus. A couple of drops of this fluid were then added to each of four tubes containing 8 c.c. of sterile nutrient broth. These tubes were incubated for forty-eight hours, when they showed slight turbidity, and upon microscopical examination the broth was found to contain a pure growth of a small diplo-bacillus.

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