A survey of moisture content in some greasy wool from New South Wales.

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
SSY Young
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Commercial Yield

A study of fleece moisture content showed that it was not evenly distributed over the body of the sheep. The lower mid side of the fleece showed the highest average moisture content, while positions such as mid shoulder, lower shoulder, flank, and belly showed moisture contents above the mean value. The mid side and mid hindquarter positions showed means approximately equal to the average for the entire fleece. Positions more exposed to the air, such as upper shoulder, upper side, and upper hindquarter, showed lower amounts of moisture. Change in relative humidity during shearing affects slightly the initial moisture content of the wool. High-yielding wool shows a higher affinity for moisture. A strong wool strain of sheep had a significantly higher moisture content than medium and fine wool strains run together in the one environment. Wools of different origin in New South Wales on the showfloor of a wool store exhibited marked and statistically significant differences in moisture content both between and within districts. The variations within districts are greater than the variations between districts. Wool packed in bales, although stored in Sydney for a period of 6 or more weeks, had not reached equilibrium with the coastal atmosphere. Differences as large as 7 per cent. were found on the showfloor. Evidence collected in this study suggests that expert wool valuers and buyers cannot or do not take into consideration moisture content differences which are as large as 6 per cent. Although existing practice in commercial yield estimation apparently does not affect the wool merchants, individual growers selling wool grown, or shorn, or both grown and shorn in drier atmospheric conditions may be losing substantially.

Effects of raising the receival moisture content on the storability of Australian wheat

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 909 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Desmarchelier ◽  
T Ghaly
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Wheat ◽  
Normal Standards

The receival moisture content of wheat was raised experimentally from 12 to 13% (w/w, wet basis) at sites near Cowra and Forbes (New South Wales) and Port Giles (South Australia) that were fitted with cooling (aeration), during the 1989-90 and 1990-91 seasons. At Cowra and Forbes, no wheat was received above 12% moisture content. At Port Giles, large quantities of wheat were received in the range 12.1-13.0% moisture content, reaching a maximum of 56% of receivals in 1 bin. However, the average moisture content in each bin did not exceed 12.0% and changed, on average, only 0.01% during aerated storage. No significant effect on quality was detected from studies on viability, bread-making quality, and mycotoxins. All wheat was successfully passed for export, meeting all normal standards including the 'nil tolerance' for live insects.

The association between face cover and the productivity of Merino ewes in twelve NSW flocks

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
JP Drinan ◽  
RB Dun
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
The Body ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Face ◽  
Fleece Weight

The association between the face cover and productivity of more than 3000 Merino ewes has been examined in 12 flocks located in the major sheep producing areas of New South Wales. Each flock was divided into Open (scores 1 and 2), Moderate (scores 3 and 4), and Muffled (scores 5 and 6) groups. A significant negative association between face cover and reproductive performance was apparent in two flocks that contained appreciable numbers of muffled-faced ewes. A similar trend was apparent in another Muffled flock, but in one other Muffled flock and four Open flocks, there was no evidence of such an association. The results from the remaining four flocks were not considered, due to the possibility that the results were confounded by face cover scoring after joining. In one Muffled flock, the body weights of weaner lambs were negatively correlated with their dams' face cover. A relationship between face cover score and total greasy fleece weight, corrected for previous reproductive performance, was absent from most flocks and negative in two, despite evidence of a positive correlation with belly weight. There was a trend to inferior fleeces of finer trade count in Moderate and Muffled groups of several flocks. Excess face cover was found to be an undesirable attribute in Merino flocks. Its importance was greatest in flocks containing appreciable numbers of muffled-faced ewes

Saccocirridae (Annelida : Archiannelida) from the central coast of New South Wales

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brown
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Turbulent Water

Saccocirrids (archiannelids) were collected from coarse-grained sediments in turbulent water from the central New South Wales coast. Saccocirrus jouinae, sp. nov., and S. tridentiger, sp, nov., are described, and S. krusadensis Alikunhi, 1948 newly recorded in Australia. In these species gonads occur only on the left side of the body and cilia are found on the ventral surface. Of the 17 species attributed to the Saccocirridae, seven species are known to have unilateral gonads and ventral ciliation. They occur only in the Indo-Pacific region. Species with gonads on both sides of the body have not been described with cilia on the ventral surface. Their distribution is world-wide.

scholarly journals Developing a beam trawl for sampling estuarine fish and crustaceans: assessment of a codend cover and effects of different sizes of mesh in the body and codend

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Rotherham ◽  
Matt K. Broadhurst ◽  
Charles A. Gray ◽  
Daniel D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Beam Trawl ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Rotherham, D., Broadhurst, M. K., Gray, C. A., and Johnson, D. D. 2008. Developing a beam trawl for sampling estuarine fish and crustaceans: assessment of a codend cover and effects of different sizes of mesh in the body and codend. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 687–696. An experiment was carried out in the Clarence River (New South Wales, Australia) to test the hypotheses that fish and crustacean catches in an experimental beam trawl were affected by a codend cover and the sizes of mesh in the body and codend. The cover had no obvious effects on the catches retained in the codend. Similarly, in comparisons between trawl bodies made from 26- and 41-mm diamond-shaped mesh, there were no differences in the assemblages of fish caught, or in the mean numbers entering the codends. For one species of fish (Acanthopagrus australis), however, there were differences in the proportions caught between the trawl bodies across different size classes. There was also some evidence to suggest that mesh size in the body of the trawl influenced the size selection of school prawns (Metapenaeus macleayi). For most finfish, there were no differences in catches between codends made from 20-mm and from 29-mm mesh hung on the bar (i.e. square-shaped mesh). In contrast, mesh size in the codend was important for the size selectivity of school prawns, with smaller carapace lengths at 50% retention in the 20-mm codend. We conclude that use of a 41-mm mesh in the body and a 20-mm square mesh in the codend of the beam trawl would be appropriate for future sampling with this gear in estuaries of New South Wales. A similar experimental approach to ours is needed in adapting the beam trawl to estuaries in other parts of the world, or in developing other types of research trawl.

Studies on Age, Growth, and Life History of the Pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus (Steindachner), in Southern and Western Australia

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
South Wales

The biology of the unexploited Australian pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus (Steindachner), was studied from a limited material available from Victorian, Tasmanian, South Australian, and Western Australian waters. This completes the preliminary study of the species over almost the whole of its sub-continental range. In Victorian waters, the surface shoaling season is spring and summer, in South Australia, summer and autumn, and in southern Western Australia, autumn and winter; these are the spawning seasons for the respective areas. In New South Wales and Queensland waters, the shoaling season is autumn to spring, which is again a spawning period. The situation in Tasmania, where the species is rare, is probably similar to that in Victoria. On the west coast of Australia, where the species extends northward to the Tropic of Capricorn (as it also does in the east) the seasonal distribution is not clear. In all these areas pilchard occurrences are virtually limited to the bay and neritic waters. Victorian pilchards attain mean standard lengths of about 8.0, 10.5, 12.5, 14.0, and 15.5 cm. at the ages of one, two, three, four, and five years respectively. This growth rate is considerably lower than that in New South Wales. In southern Western Australia the growth rate is intermediate between the other two, but in South Australia it was not established. The average size of pilchards in the seasonal shoals appears to be greater in Western Australia than elsewhere, but no fish over 19.5 cm. standard length (9.0 in. total length) has been encountered in any of the current Australian investigations. Sexual maturity occurs earlier in Victoria than in New South Wales, sometimes at one year of age. The ring pattern of Australian pilchard scales is complex, involving yearly, spawning, and secondary rings. A hypothesis to account for the formation of spawning rings is outlined, and an earlier hypothesis relating to yearly rings is abandoned. Secondary rings occur on most scales from the same fish. In all waters the season of ring formation coincides with that of surface availability of fish, but in Victoria it is also the growing season, which makes age determination particularly difficult. The fish-length/scale-length relationship for Victorian material is of the same linear type as for New South Wales, but there are differences in the size of scales taken from the same area of the body. The possible influences of distribution, size, and condition of fish on future economic exploitation are discussed.

Population ecology of the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) in a montane woodland in southern New South Wales

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie M. Harris ◽  
Ross L. Goldingay ◽  
Lyndon O. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
New South ◽  
Local Population ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The Body ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Nectar Feeding ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Cercartetus Nanus

The population dynamics of nectar-feeding non-flying mammals are poorly documented. We investigated aspects of the population ecology of the eastern pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus) in southern New South Wales. We captured 65 individuals over a 4-year period during 5045 trap-nights and 1179 nest-box checks. The body mass of adult males (mean ± s.e. = 24.6 ± 1.0 g) was marginally not significantly different (P = 0.08) from that of non-parous adult females (28.2 ± 1.9 g). Females gave birth to a single litter each year of 3–4 young during February–May. No juveniles were detected in spring of any year. Mark–recapture modelling suggested that survival probability was constant over time (0.78) while recapture probability (0.04–0.81) varied with season and trap effort. The local population (estimated at ~20–25 individuals) underwent a regular seasonal variation in abundance, with a decline in spring coinciding with the cessation of flowering by Banksia. A population trough in spring has been observed elsewhere. This appears to represent some local migration from the study area, suggesting a strategy of high mobility to track floral resources. Conservation of this species will depend on a more detailed understanding of how flowering drives population dynamics.

On the Identity of the Kidney Worm of Pigs in New South Wales

1924 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. M. Cameron ◽  
I. Clunies Ross
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The Body ◽  
Text Book ◽  
South Wales

In 1839 Diesing described Stephanurus dentatus from the kidney of the pig. His description was incorrect in two important particulars, viz.— in stating that only one spicule was present and that the vulva was in the middle of the body instead of posteriorly. These errors, although corrected by Verril in 1870 and Louise Taylor in 1899, still persist, and it was on account of this that Drabble, in 1922, basing his diagnosis on a faulty text-book description, claimed that the Kidney worm of swine in New South Wales was generally distinct from Stephanurus dentatus. This worm he called Sclerostomum renium, n. sp.

Geographical and Temporal Distribution of the Common Armyworm, Mythimna Convecta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Eastern Australia: Larval Habitats and Outbreaks

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mcdonald ◽  
TR New ◽  
RA Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
North East ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia

Surveys for juvenile Mythimna convecta throughout the agricultural and arid regions of eastern Australia were conducted from 1986 to 1989. Armyworm populations north of 33 degrees S were generally dominated by M. convecta, and further south by Persectania ewingii. M. convecta was most widely distributed in spring. Incidence during autumn and winter ranged from very low in Victoria to high in northern New South Wales and southern Queensland. Summer infestations were found mostly on the south-east coast where favourable habitats were abundant. Colonised habitats included extremely arid regions, where small numbers of larvae were associated with grasses in temporary watercourses, and the higher-rainfall, eastern regions. The largest infestations occurred in south-east Queensland and north central and north-east New South Wales, particularly after heavy autumn rains. There appeared to be two generations of M. convecta over the autumn/winter period: the first a synchronised event starting on the autumn rains and the second commencing in June/July and comprising a wide spread in age distribution. The progeny of the winter generation are probably the source of most economic outbreaks. Mythimna convecta larvae were collected from subtropical and temperate grasses. In the former, most larvae were found in tussocks, particularly of Dichanthium sericeum and Chloris truncata, which provided a dense, fine-leaf crown and canopy. After good autumn rainfall and vegetative growth, the wiry-stemmed tussocks, including Astrebla spp. and C. ciliaris, were also common hosts. The temperate grasses, particularly Avena fatua and Hordeum leporinum, were the main winter hosts although the greatest densities were found only in thick swards of growth, particularly those that contained dried grass. Two of the largest surveys, in autumn 1987 and 1988, followed periods of heavy rain and provided strongly contrasting results. The 1987 survey of central and south-west Queensland located no M. convecta larvae, indicating that densities were below detection thresholds. The paucity of larvae was attributed to lack of suitable atmospheric conditions to assist moth immigrations and absence of adequate populations in potential source areas. The 1988 survey revealed a major outbreak of M. convecta larvae in south-east Queensland and northern New South Wales. The area received record rains during early April of that year, and the outbreak probably arose from moth migrations from the east and south-east coast. An outbreak of similar scale occurred after further heavy autumn rains in 1989.

The effect of calcium and soil pH on nodulation of T. subterraneum L. clover on a yellow podsol

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Calcium Supply

The mechanism of the action of lime in stimulating nodulation of subterranean clover on some soils of the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales was studied in pot experiments. Increased soil pH or increased calcium supply alone did not markedly improve nodulation. With a combination of both these factors, excellent nodulation resulted. Nodulation was shown to be increased by increasing the amount of the inoculum of Rhizobium added with the seed. It was also increased if the moisture content of the soil was maintained continually at field capacity.

Revision of Capsaloides (Monogenea: Capsalidae) with a redescription of C. magnaspinosus Price, 1939 from the nasal tissue of Tetrapterus audax (Istiophoridae) collected off Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1160 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LESLIE A. CHISHOLM ◽  
IAN D. WHITTINGTON
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Locality Record ◽  
New Host ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
South Wales

Capsaloides magnaspinosus (Monogenea: Capsalidae) is redescribed from whole mounts and scanning electron micrographs of material collected from the nasal tissue of the striped marlin, Tetrapterus audax (Philippe, 1887), off Nelson Bay, New South Wales, Australia. This represents a new host and locality record for this capsalid species. Capsaloides is revised based on the examination of type-material and published descriptions. We consider 7 of the 10 previously described species to be valid. Some characters, such as depth of the posterior notch of the body, which were used previously to discriminate between species of Capsaloides, appear to be questionable. Careful examination of type-material has led us to propose that C. istiophori, C. marielenae and C. tetrapteri are synonyms of C. perugiai. The possibility that C. cristatus and C. hoffmannae are synonymous with C. sinuatus is also discussed.

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