Plant responses to nitrogen and sulphur on a heavy clay soil from the Darling Downs, south-east Queensland

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Andrew ◽  
EH Kipps ◽  
H Barford
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Zinc Availability ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Principal Elements

Pot experiments in connection with investigations into poor establishment of certain pasture species on several heavy clay soils on the Darling Downs have shown nitrogen and sulphur to be the principal elements limiting plant growth. Addition of these nutrients in combination to the soil has resulted in a substantial increase in plant growth associated with an even greater increase in protein production. These increases greatly exceed those obtained with either nutrient singly. Zinc availability in the soil is also discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of liming on basic exchangeable cations of soil

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Armi Kaila
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Net Release ◽  
Made In

The effect of liming on the basic exchangeable cations in a sand, a heavy clay and a muddy clay soil was studied with a 9 month’s incubation experiment under laboratory conditions. Besides, observations were made in connection with some other incubation and field experiments. It was found that application of CaCO3 in amounts which reduced the acidity to about pH 7. decreased the content of exchangeable Mg in all experiments, and even a lower application effectively prevented any net release of nonexchangeable Mg which occurred in the muddy clay samples incubated without lime. Some fixation of K was also usually detected, but liming increased the amount of exchangeable Na. Essential differences apparently exist between the mechanisms of the retention of Mg and K induced by liming: Significantly lower amounts of Mg was extracted by 0.5 HCI from the limed samples of the heavy clay and muddy clay soil than from the original ones, while the contrary was true with K. The mechanisms connected with the Mg fixation were discussed. Attention was paid to the possibility that the usually poor Mg supporting ability of Finnish muddy clay soils may be partly connected with the heavy liming necessary for the cultivation of these acid soils.

scholarly journals Distribution and Restricted Vertical Movement of Nematodes in a Heavy Clay Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Oliver Knox ◽  
Katherine Polain ◽  
Elijha Fortescue ◽  
Bryan Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Sample Depth ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Chemical Availability

A large part of Australia’s broad acre irrigation industry, which includes cotton, is farmed on heavy clay Vertosols. Recent changes in nematicide chemical availability, changes in rotations and the observation of the reniform nematode in central Queensland has highlighted that we need to improve our understanding of nematodes in these soils. We undertook preliminary investigations into distribution by depth under a cotton-cotton and cotton-maize rotation as well as vertical movement experiments in microcosms to better understand nematode distribution and movement in heavy clay soils. Analysis revealed that field populations decreased with soil sample depth, but there were also differences between rotations. In microcosm experiments, vertical movement of nematodes in these heavy clay soils was restricted, even in the presence of plant roots and moisture, both of which were hypothesised to improve nematode migration. The results imply that crop rotation currently remains a plausible option for nematode control, and that we still have a lot to learn about the ecology of nematode populations in Vertosols.

Plastic Mulch Color Effects on Light Micro-environment and Watermelon Plant Growth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 474d-474
Author(s):  
N.K. Damayanthi Ranwala ◽  
Dennis R. Decoteau
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Total Light ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

This study was conducted to evaluate the spectral properties of various colored plastic color mulches and to determine the effects of upwardly reflected light from the mulch surfaces on watermelon plant growth when differences in root zone temperatures are minimized. Two-week-old watermelon plants were grown with black mulch, red-painted mulch, SRM-Red mulch (Sonoco, Inc., Harstville, S.C.), and white mulch. Total light reflection (58 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) and red: far-red (R:FR = 0.44) of reflected light were lower in black mulch and highest in white mulch (634 and 0.92, respectively). Both black mulch and white mulch had same blue:red (B:R = 0.6) while white mulch had higher B:FR (0.58) in reflected light compared to black mulch (0.26). Reflective properties of red mulches were somewhat similar, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.8, 0.2, and 0.18, respectively. However, SRM-Red mulch had highest total light (355 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) transmission through the mulch, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.84, 0.28, and 0.23, respectively. Light transmission through the other mulches was nonsignificant. Watermelon plants grown with black mulch and red mulches had higher internode lengths compared to white mulch after 20 days. Further, plants grown under black had significant higher petiole elongation accompanied with higher dry mass partitioning to petioles, and lower partitioning to roots, stems, and leaves. There was no effects of surface mulch color on total plant dry mass or photosynthesis although plants with black had higher transpiration rate. This suggests the differential regulation of dry mass partitioning among plant parts due to mulch color. The similar plant responses with black mulch and white mulch to plants treated with FR or R light at the end of photoperiod implies the involvement of phytochrome regulation of growth due to mulch surface color.

Field Performance of Five Soil Moisture Instruments in Heavy Clay Soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. RoTimi Ojo ◽  
Paul R. Bullock ◽  
John Fitzmaurice
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Heavy Clay

Subsoiling in some heavy clay soils of Egypt

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
A.M.A. El-Araby ◽  
Z. El-Haddad ◽  
M. El-Ansary
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soils ◽  
Heavy Clay

EFFECTS OF LIME ON EXTRACTABLE ALUMINUM AND OTHER SOIL PROPERTIES AND ON BARLEY AND ALFALFA GROWN IN POT TESTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLEAN ◽  
R. L. HALSTEAD ◽  
B. J. FINN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content

Liming of six acid soil samples in an incubation experiment with rates to raise the soil pH to 6.0 or above eliminated Al soluble in 0.01 M CaCl2, reduced soluble Mn and Zn, increased NO3-N markedly, and at the highest pH increased the amounts of NaHCO3-soluble P in some of the soils. In corresponding pot experiments, liming increased the yield of alfalfa and in three of the soils the yield of barley also. Liming reduced the concentrations of the metals in the plants and at the highest pH tended to increase the P content of the plants. Liming to a pH of about 5.3 eliminated or greatly reduced soluble Al and the soils were base saturated as measured by the replacement of Al, Ca, and Mg by a neutral salt. There was some evidence that liming to reduce soluble Al and possibly Mn was beneficial for plant growth. Gypsum increased the concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn in 0.01 M CaCl2 extracts of the soils whereas phosphate reduced them. The changes in the Mn content of the plants following these treatments were in agreement with the amounts of Mn in the CaCl2 extracts.

Investigation into the effect of tillage on solute movement to drains through a heavy clay soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Brown ◽  
V.L. Marshall ◽  
A. Deas ◽  
A.D. Carter ◽  
D. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Solute Movement

Investigations in crop husbandry. III. Effect of time of application of sulphate of ammonia to wheat

1936 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Garner ◽  
H. G. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Gravelly Soil ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Crop Husbandry

1. Over a period of six years seven field experiments were carried out to study the effect of the time of application of sulphate of ammonia to autumn-sown wheat.2. Three experiments were located on light gravelly soil which had been farmed highly for some years, and in those three cases sulphate of ammonia decreased yield, irrespective of time of application; the reduction in yield was of the order of 10 per cent. and is ascribed to more lodging and greater incidence of “foot-rot”.3. Three experiments were located on heavy clay soil in poor condition; in these sulphate of ammonia gave percentage increases in yield of 18, 20 and 7.4. Evidence is produced that early dressings of sulphate of ammonia do not affect germination or plant establishment, but that they tend to increase tiller formation by the end of February.

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