The effect of water quality on cattle performance on pasture

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Lardner ◽  
B. D. Kirychuk ◽  
L. Braul ◽  
W. D. Willms ◽  
J. Yarotski
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Cattle Performance

In western Canada, dugouts are the primary source of water for beef cattle during the summer months. Over time, drought conditions and/or direct access by grazing animals have a negative effect on water constituents and overall water quality. A study was conducted to determine the effects of improvements in water quality on cattle performance. The effect of pasture water quality on weight gain of beef cattle was assessed with 44 Hereford yearling steers over 5 years and 40 Angus cow–calf pairs over 3 years. From 1999 to 2003, cattle were allocated to 1 of 4 treatments, which comprised untreated dugout water pumped to a trough, aerated water pumped to a trough, and coagulated and chlorinated water pumped to a trough, all compared with direct access by livestock to the water source. Data were collected on livestock weight gains, water consumption, fecal parasites, environmental conditions, water chemistry, biological constituents, and forage production and quality. Water treatment by aeration or coagulation tended to improve steer weight gains (P < 0.05) over untreated water from a dugout in 3 of 5 years. Daily weight gains tended to be improved slightly by simply pumping water to a trough without treatment. Water aerated and pumped to a trough in early summer tended to produce greater (P < 0.05) weight gains in calves than those drinking directly from the dugout. The effect of treatment on improving cattle weight gains appeared to be related to improved water palatability, which increased water and feed consumption. Water chemistry and biological constituents analysed did not identify significant differences among treatments. These results suggest that improving water quality with aeration and pumping to a trough will improve weight gain 9–10% over a 90-day grazing period in most years.

Effect of winter environment on growth of young beef cattle 1. Effects of exposure during winter to rain or wind and rain combined on performance of 9-month-old Friesian steers fed on two planes of nutrition

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. McCarrick ◽  
M. J. Drennan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Weight Gains

SUMMARYThree experiments were conducted to compare the performance of 9-month-old Friesian steers wintered in three environments, (a) conventional cattle houses, (b) wind-sheltered roofless sawdust pads and (c) unsheltered roofless sawdust pads. Within each environment animals were fed on two planes of nutrition.In each experiment, winter live-weight gains of animals accommodated on the three winter environments were similar as were weight changes during the subsequent four weeks at grass in Experiments 2 and 3.No interaction on live-weight gain was found between plane of nutrition and winter environment. Health of outwintered animals was good throughout. The response to feeding barley with hay in these experiments (obtained by comparing low-plane with high-plane treatment groups) showed that on average 5·5 kg of barley dry matter were required to produce 1 kg of additional live-weight gain above that obtained from hay fed alone.

scholarly journals Producción de forraje y respuesta animal en suelos del valle del Cesar en proceso de recuperación

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Belisario Roncallo F. ◽  
José Murillo S. ◽  
Gustavo Rodríguez ◽  
Ruth Rebeca Bonilla ◽  
María Fernanda Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Weight Gains

<p>El 90% de los suelos con potencial agropecuario en el departamento del Cesar (Colombia) están afectados por diversos grados de deterioro, impactando de manera negativa la producción ganadera, la cual es una de las actividades económicas más importantes de la región. El objetivo del estudio fue contribuir con la recuperación de las praderas degradadas, avanzar en el rescate de la capacidad productiva de las áreas afectadas y en el mejoramiento de la sostenibilidad y competitividad de la producción de carne bovina en esta región, mediante la implementación de prácticas sostenibles en el manejo de los suelos<em>. </em>En la evaluación de las ganancias de peso se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar con medidas repetidas en el tiempo y la información obtenida se sometió a análisis de varianza<em>. </em>Se aplicaron prácticas sostenibles consistentes en labranza apropiada, incorporación de abonos verdes (<em>Vigna unguiculata</em>)<em>, </em>establecimiento de cobertura vegetal con gramíneas y leguminosas asociadas (<em>Bothriochloa pertusa, Leucaena leucocephala y Clitoria ternatea</em>) y rotación de potreros<em>. </em>Se realizó una evaluación comparativa de la producción de forraje y de las ganancias de peso con terneros de levante<em>. </em>Los resultados revelaron un aumento de la producción de materia seca por unidad de área y de las ganancias de peso/animal/día, las cuales fueron superiores (<em>P</em>≤0,05) en 44,2% y 46,3%, respectivamente, donde se aplicaron prácticas sostenibles comparadas con el testigo; se obtuvo mayor (<em>P</em>≤0,05) ganancia de peso/ha en el tratamiento experimental (230,5 kg ha-1) en relación con el testigo (145,7 kg ha-1). </p><p> </p><p><strong>Forage production and animal response in soils in the Cesar valley under a recovery process</strong></p><p>The 90% of potential agricultural soils in Cesar (Colombia) are affected by varying degrees of impairment, negatively impacting livestock production, which is one of the most important economic activities in the region. The aim of the study was to contribute to the recovery of degraded grasslands, to progress in rescuing the productive capacity of the affected areas and to improve the sustainability and competitiveness of beef production in this region, by implementing practices in sustainable land management. In assessing weight gains, a completely randomized design was used with repeated measurements over time and the obtained data was subjected to analysis of variance. Sustainable practices were used consisting of appropriate tillage, green manure (<em>Vigna unguiculata</em>), establishment of vegetation with grasses and legumes (<em>Bothriochloa pertusa</em>, <em>Leucaena leucocephala </em>and <em>Clitoria ternatea</em>) and rotational grazing. We performed a comparative evaluation of feed production and weight gains in calves. The results revealed an increase in dry matter production per unit area and weight gain/animal/day which increased (P≤0.05) by 44.2% and 46.3%, respectively where sustainable practices were applied compared to the control; the highest (P≤0.05) weight gain / ha was seen in the experimental treatment (230.5 kg ha-1) in relation to the control (145.7 kg ha-1). </p>

Effect of mash or pelleted supplements containing crab meal on intake and weight gains of beef cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
R. E. McQueen ◽  
J. G. Allen ◽  
R. S. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Fiber Digestion ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Alfalfa Meal ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
Cattle Performance

Yearling beef steers showed a progressive decrease in rate of gain as crab meal replaced 33, 66 and 100% of supplemented soybean meal. The crab meal was highly resistant to degradation in sacco but was well digested in the whole tract of sheep. Rumen fluid from sheep fed crab meal was as effective for fiber digestion in vitro as that from sheep fed a similar diet without crab meal. It was concluded that the lower feed intake observed with cattle fed crab meal was not due to inhibition of fiber digestion. In a second experiment, there was no improvement in cattle performance when the crab meal was treated with the antioxidant ethoxyquin. Oxidation of crab meal that could lead to rancidity does not appear to be a problem, as adding ethoxyquin did not affect cattle performance. In a third experiment, pelleting a crab meal–alfalfa meal supplement increased intake from 1.22 kg d−1 to 1.64 kg d−1 (P < 0.01), and pelleting a crab meal–barley supplement increased intake from 1.55 kg d−1 to 1.80 kg d−1 (P < 0.05). In a fourth experiment, pelleting the crab meal supplement again largely overcame the depressing effects of crab meal on intake and weight gains. It was concluded that crab meal is a useful supplement for young cattle, provided they can be induced to consume it. Pelleting the crab meal supplement is one way of overcoming the lower intake and weight gains associated with feeding it as a mash. Key words: Crab meal, intake, digestibility, beef cattle, pelleting

A comparison of two-cut and three-cut systems of silage making for beef cattle using two cultivars of perennial ryegrass

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Friesian Cattle

ABSTRACTTwo randomized-block experiments have been carried out to examine the effects of increasing the digestibility of grass silage offered to beef cattle by harvesting three crops of grass after shorter growth intervals rather than two crops after longer growth intervals. In experiment 1 early-cut silages were harvested on 1 June, 16 July and 24 August, and late-cut silages on 20 June and 22 August 1979. In experiment 2 the early-cut silages were harvested on 19 May, 2 July and 20 August, and the late-cut silages on 5 June and 12 August 1980. Early- and late-cut silages were made from each of two cultivars of perennial ryegrass (cultivars Cropper and Talbot). The silages were unwilted and had formic acid applied at 2.5 1/t fresh crop.In experiment 1 the silages were offered ad libitum, both unsupplemented and supplemented with 2·2 kg concentrates per head daily, to 88 cattle of mixed beef breeds and mean initial live weight 337 kg, in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. In experiment 2 the silages were offered ad libitum and supplemented with 2·4 kg of concentrates per head daily to 56 Charolais × (Aberdeen Angus × Friesian) cattle of mean initial live weight 351 kg, in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Grass cultivar did not significantly affect silage intake or animal performance but intake, live-weight gain and carcass gain were significantly higher for the early-cut than for the late-cut silages in both experiments. In experiment 1 silage dry-matter intakes were 6·33, 5·12, 5·80 and 4·67 (s.e. 0·124) kg/day; live-weight gains were 0·72, 0·89, 0·47 and 0·76 (s.e. 0·029) kg/day; and carcass gains were 0·46, 0·60, 0·27 and 0·48 (s.e. 0·016) kg/day, for the unsupplemented and supplemented early-cut silages, and the unsupplemented and supplemented late-cut silages, respectively. In experiment 2 silage dry-matter intakes were 5·49 and 4·95 (s.e. 0·056) kg/day; live-weight gains Were 0·95 and 0·76 (s.e. 0·033) kg/day; and carcass gains were 0·67 and 0·50 (s.e. 0·17) kg/day, for the early- and late-cut silages, respectively.

scholarly journals Restrição alimentar no desempenho de machos do peixe beta (Betta splendens)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elton Lima Santos ◽  
Emerson Carlos Soares ◽  
Themis Jesus Silva ◽  
Itairan Camelo de Macena Albuquerque ◽  
Sara Camylla de Souza Moura
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of alimentary restriction on Betta splendens performance. For the experiment, 24 males were used, with initial average weight of 0.55 ±0.06 grams, distributed in 24 experimental aquaria with 1.5 liters of water without aeration in a completely randomized design, with four treatments and six repetitions. The treatments were: T1 – daily fed animals (control), T2 - fed for six days and one day of restriction (6A/1R), T3 - fed for five days and two days of restriction (5A/2R) and T4 - fed for four days with three days of restriction (4A/3R). The fishes were fed twice a day at 08:00am and 4:00pm. The variables studied were: final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), alimentary conversion (FC), average feed consumption (CMR), total length (CTOTAL), standard length (CPADRÃO) profile index (IPERFIL), condition factor (CF) and height. The results were submitted to variance analysis (ANOVA), and the means were compared by Tukey´s test at 5% of probability. No significant differences were observed for the following variables: water quality, survival, alimentary conversion and profile index. The best growth performance was observed when the feeding management of 6A/1R was applied.

Effects of resting perennial pastures during the sensitive pre-dormancy period in western Manitoba: Pasture productivity and beef cattle performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obioha N. Durunna ◽  
Vern Baron ◽  
Shannon L. Scott ◽  
Clayton Robins ◽  
Mohammad Khakbazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Pasture Productivity ◽  
Cattle Performance

Durunna, O. N., Baron, V., Scott, S. L., Robins, C., Khakbazan, M. and Block, H. C. 2015. Effects of resting perennial pastures during the sensitive pre-dormancy period in western Manitoba: Pasture productivity and beef cattle performance. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 129–141. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether avoiding grazing during the sensitive pre-dormancy period (ca. 6 wk prior to a dormancy-inducing frost) would improve forage production, stand quality, alfalfa persistence and animal productivity in perennial pastures. There were two pasture species (PS), alfalfa–grass (AG) or grass (G), and three grazing phases. Phase I was conventional rotational grazing of all AG and G sections. In Phase II, one half of AG and G was rotationally grazed (conventional treatment, CT) while the other half was not (rested treatment, RT). Resting AG and G in Phase II required transferring RT animals to swath-graze early-seeded cereals. In Phase III, RT animals that swath-grazed in Phase II were moved to graze the rested sections of the pastures while those that grazed the unrested sections (CT animals) were transferred to swath-graze late-seeded cereals. There was no PS (P>0.05) or rest period (P>0.13) effect on total forage yield, carrying capacity, forage disappearance and forage residues. There was no effect (P>0.13) of resting on botanical composition or yield in AG. The current study did not observe significant benefits of resting on pasture yield, botanical composition or animal performance.

scholarly journals Entansif Besideki Kuzuların Bazı Besi Performansına Kırkımın Etkisi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Ali Karabacak ◽  
Yasin Altay
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Awassi Lambs

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of shearing on fattening performance characteristics of Akkaraman and Awassi lambs that were fattened intensively. 10 Akkaraman and 8 Awassi male lambs were used in the study. During the fattening period, the animals were given 150 g of dried alfalfa and concentrated feed ad-libitum. In the study, Akkaraman and Awassi lambs were divided into two experimental groups as shearing and non-shearing. The total weight gains, daily live weight gains, feed consumptions and feed conservation coefficients of lambs before and after shearing were 8.017 kg, 286 g, 47.14 kg and 5.945 and 8.606 kg, 307 g, 42.21 kg and 5.029, respectively. On the other hand, total live weight gain of lambs without shearing was 7.802 kg, daily live weight gain was 279 g, feed consumption was 42.06 kg and feed conservation coefficient were 6.00. As a result of the study, the differences between some fattening performance means of shearing and non-shearing groups were statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto en vacas cárnicas//Effect of restricted suckling and food complementation on weight gains and postpartum anoestrous in beef cows

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Víctor Hugo Severino Lendechy ◽  
Felipe Montiel Palacios ◽  
Concepción del Carmen Ahuja Aguirre ◽  
Hiram Hiram Gómez de Lucio ◽  
Alfonso Juventino Chay Canul
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
The Tropics

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del amamantamiento restringido y la complementación alimenticia sobre las ganancias de peso y anestro posparto, en bovinos de carne, para lo cual se utilizaron 120 vacas Simbrah lactantes, distribuidas en cuatro tratamientos: T1) amamantamiento continuo con complementación alimenticia (ACCCA; n=30), T2) amamantamiento restringido sin complementación alimenticia (ARSCA; n=30), T3) amamantamiento restringido con complementación alimenticia (ARCCA, n=30) y T4) amamantamiento continuo sin complementación alimenticia (ACSCA, n=30). Los resultados fueron evaluados mediante análisis de varianza en un arreglo factorial 2x2, Chi-cuadrada y correlación simple. La ganancia de peso (g/día) y peso al estro (kg) en las vacas del T3 fue mayor (0.926 y 551.0) comparado con T1 (0.425 y 535.0), T2 (0.544 y 545.8) y T4 (0.194 y 501.0), respectivamente (P<0.01). El anestro posparto (días) fue menor en T3 (85.5) comparado con T1(185.6), T2 (158.0) y T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). La tasa de gestación (%) fue mayor en T3 (86.6, 26/30) con respecto a T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) y T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P<0.05). Se encontró efecto por tipo de amamantamiento, CA y su interacción. En conclusión, el ARCCA eleva la tasa de preñez y disminuye el anestro posparto en vacas Simbrah en el trópico.ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of restricted suckling and nutritional complementation on weight gain and postpartum anestrus, in beef cattle, for which 120 lactating Simbrah cows were used, distributed in four treatments: T1) continuous suckling with food complementation (ACCCA, n=30), T2) restricted suckling without food complementation (ARSCA, n=30), T3) restricted suckling with food complementation (ARCCA, n=30) and T4) continuous suckling without food complementation (ACSCA, n=30). Results were evaluated through analysis of variance in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, Chi-square and simple correlation. Weight gain (g/day) and estrus weight (kg) in T3 cows were higher (0.926 and 551.0) compared to T1 (0.425 and 535.0), T2 (0.544 and 545.8) and T4 (0.194 and 501.0), respectively (P<0.01). Postpartum anestrus (days) was lower in T3 (85.5) compared to T1 (185.6), T2 (158.0) and T4 (259.2) (P<0.01). Pregnancy rate (%) was higher in T3 (86.6, 26/30) with respect to T1 (60.0, 18/30), T2 (70.0, 21/30) and T4 (40.0, 12/30) (P< 0.05). An effect was found on the type of suckling, CA and their interaction. In conclusion, the ARCCA increases pregnancy rate and decreases postpartum anestrus in Simbrah cows in the tropics.

Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, dan Konversi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Rico ◽  
Novi Eka Wati ◽  
Adisti Rastosari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
T Test ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Consumption ◽  
Simmental Cattle

The objective of the researh was to study the effect of additions soybean meal in ration on the feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed convertion in Simmental cattle. The experiment used eight male Simmental cattle around 2 years old with an average weight of 198,65 ± 14,57 kilograms. The cattle kept for 35 days and given rations P0 (rations ranchers) and P1 (rations plus soybean meal). Data was obtained, then analyzed using independent sample t-test assisted with SPSS version 17.00 software. The result showed that the addition of soybean meal did not affect on dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, and feed convertion but, the crude protein consumption was increased. Keywords: dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, feed convertion

Problems and practical experiences during refilling of the Kerspe-Talsperre under unfavourable climatic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Nienhüser ◽  
P. Braches
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Artificial Mixing ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Practical Experiences

Refilling of the Kerspe-Talsperre reservoir after restoration of the dam caused severe problems in water quality and supply due to a long-lasting ice-cover period and minimal precipitation. Unusually short spring overturn, high algal mass in spring and certainly the overflooding of the sediment, which had not been removed, caused a tremendous oxygen deficit in early summer. The whole hypolimnion turned anoxic and even in the metalimnion oxygen declined to a minimum. Manganese and iron reached high concentrations. Despite the poor water quality, raw water was urgently needed for the water supply and was pumped from the epilimnion during the clear water phase and in July when algal biomass was low. In the middle of August holomixis was induced artificially in order to improve water quality. The decline in algal production during and after artificial mixing was probably caused by light limitation of the algae.

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