The future of pollinators for Australian agriculture

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul A. Cunningham ◽  
Frances FitzGibbon ◽  
Tim A. Heard
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Pollinator Decline ◽  
Remnant Vegetation ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
The Future

Agriculture in Australia is highly dependent on insect pollination, in particular from the introduced western honeybee, Apis mellifera. Most agricultural pollination is provided as an unpaid service by feral A. mellifera and native insects. A smaller proportion of agricultural pollination is provided as a paid service by beekeepers. Insect pollination is threatened by misuse of insecticides and the loss of remnant vegetation, but most potently by the likelihood that the honeybee mite, Varroa destructor, will enter the country. Now is the time to prepare for the effect of these changes, and international experience with pollinator decline should serve as a guide. We need to protect and manage our remnant vegetation to protect wild pollinators. Insurance against declining A. mellifera will come through the development of management practices for alternative pollinator species. By developing native insects as pollinators we can avoid the risks associated with the importation of additional introduced species.

scholarly journals Efficacy of essential oils against Varroa destructor infesting Apis mellifera Linn. colonies and their impact on brood development

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimla Goswami ◽  
Poonam Srivastava ◽  
M. S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Varroa Mite ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Brood Development ◽  
Cent Increase ◽  
Mite Mortality

Varroa destructor is a dangerous pest directly for beekeeping and indirectly for crops that require insect pollination. The present investigation has been carried out to study the efficacy and persistence of some essential oils and formic acid against Varroa mite in colonies of Apis mellifera Linn. at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The results revealed that highest mite mortality (77.54 %) with highest brood development (21.74 % increase) recorded in garlic oil followed by turmeric oil (75.84 %) with 15.39 per cent increases in brood development. The hives treated withT1(tulsi oil), T3 (turmeric oil), T4 (ajwin oil), T5 (cinnamon oil), T5 (clove oil) and T7 (formic acid) also showed good persistence with mite mortality ranging from 66.54 to 77.54 % and brood development -3.12 to 21.74 per cent increase after 3 weeks exposure of the treatments.

A Guide to Planting Wildflower Enhancements in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Bammer ◽  
Josh Campbell ◽  
Chase B. Kimmel ◽  
James D.. Ellis ◽  
Jaret C. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
The Right

The establishment of native wildflower plantings in Florida can benefit agricultural producers as well as native pollinators and other beneficial insects (predators and parasitoids). The plantings do this by:  providing forage and nesting sites for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, increasing wild bee numbers possibly across the farm, and increasing natural enemies of insect pests (that also depend on forage and nesting sites). This document discusses choosing the right mix of native plant species to benefit many pollinator species, as well as proper site selection, planting practices, and weed control techniques. Wildflower plots should be practical to manage, maximize benefits to wildlife, and fit into the overall management practices of the property. 

The Use of Port Performance Indexes in the Transport Economy and the Strengthening of Port Competitiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-394
Author(s):  
Astrida Rijkure ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Multimodal Integration ◽  
Pricing Policies ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Quality Assurance Process ◽  
Assurance Process

Ports in the transport economy have an important role to play in the competitiveness of ports. There is an increasing climate of competition, which causes ports to invest in development and to improve their transport corridors, governance principles and pricing policies in order to strengthen international competitiveness of ports and to ensure that their management practices are in line with the positive international experience. In order to increase the efficiency of transport, to promote the use of environmentally friendly technologies and to improve the international competitiveness of port transport corridors, it is important for ports to determine their own KPI indicators that would be used to assess port performance indicators. As ports are responsible for the quality assurance of port services, even if they do not provide such services, monitoring and assessing of the KPI must be part of the quality assurance process. The objective of this study is to define the port performance-enhancing KPI indexes and to make suggestions for how KPI application in the transport economy can strengthen the international competitiveness of ports and ensure that their management practises international experience. The study’s tasks are to define the appropriate KPI indexes, group them according to interlinked principles, and provide proposals on how to use them to improve the international competitiveness of ports and the main transport system multimodal integration.

УГРОЗЫ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ВИРУСНЫХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ У ПЧЕЛ (Apis mellifera L.) И РОЛЬ КЛЕЩА Varroa destructor В РАЗВИТИИ ПАТОЛОГИЙ

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
А.В. СПРЫГИН ◽  
◽  
Ю.Ю. БАБИН ◽  
Е.М. ХАНБЕКОВА ◽  
Л.Е. РУБЦОВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Varroa Destructor

Eficacia del humo de frutos de Guazuma ulmifolia (Sterculiaceae) y vapores de timol para el control de Varroa destructor infestando abejas africanizadas

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-788
Author(s):  
William De Jesús May-Itzá ◽  
Luis Abdelmir Abdelmir Medina Medina
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia

Se evaluó la eficacia del humo de los frutos secos de Guazuma ulmifolia y los vapores de timol en el control del ácaro Varroa destructor infestando colonias de abejas africanizadas (Apis mellifera) de Yucatán. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos: Grupo 1 (G1), las colonias de abejas recibieron 5 a 8 bocanadas de humo de los frutos secos de G. ulmifolia dos veces por semana, durante un período de tres semanas; Grupo 2 (G2), las colonias recibieron 4-8 g de cristales de timol con tres aplicaciones cada siete días, y Grupo 3 (G3 o grupo control) las colonias no recibieron ningún tratamiento durante las tres semanas del experimento. Se colectaron 200 a 300 abejas adultas de cada colonia previo a la aplicación de los tratamientos (día 0) y a los 7, 14 y 21 días después de las aplicaciones, con la finalidad de determinar los niveles de infestación y eficacia de los tratamientos. Los resultados indican que los niveles de infestación de V. destructor en las abejas adultas disminuyeron al final del experimento (21 días) y fueron estadísticamente diferentes para los tres tratamientos, siendo menor para G2. La eficacia al final de los tratamientos fue de 41 y 69 %, para G1 y G2, respectivamente. Estos resultados corroboran que la aplicación de cristales de timol es una alternativa para el control del ácaro V. destructor en Yucatán, y que la aplicación del humo de los frutos secos de G. ulmifolia reduce los niveles de infestación de este parásito en comparación con las colonias que no recibieron ningún tipo de tratamiento (G3).

scholarly journals Exploring Two Honey Bee Traits for Improving Resistance Against Varroa destructor: Development and Genetic Evaluation

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Matthieu Guichard ◽  
Benoît Droz ◽  
Evert W. Brascamp ◽  
Adrien von Virag ◽  
Markus Neuditschko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Apis Mellifera Mellifera ◽  
Novel Traits ◽  
Resistance Traits

For the development of novel selection traits in honey bees, applicability under field conditions is crucial. We thus evaluated two novel traits intended to provide resistance against the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor and to allow for their straightforward implementation in honey bee selection. These traits are new field estimates of already-described colony traits: brood recapping rate (‘Recapping’) and solidness (‘Solidness’). ‘Recapping’ refers to a specific worker characteristic wherein they reseal a capped and partly opened cell containing a pupa, whilst ‘Solidness’ assesses the percentage of capped brood in a predefined area. According to the literature and beekeepers’ experiences, a higher recapping rate and higher solidness could be related to resistance to V. destructor. During a four-year field trial in Switzerland, the two resistance traits were assessed in a total of 121 colonies of Apis mellifera mellifera. We estimated the repeatability and the heritability of the two traits and determined their phenotypic correlations with commonly applied selection traits, including other putative resistance traits. Both traits showed low repeatability between different measurements within each year. ‘Recapping’ had a low heritability (h2 = 0.04 to 0.05, depending on the selected model) and a negative phenotypic correlation to non-removal of pin-killed brood (r = −0.23). The heritability of ‘Solidness’ was moderate (h2 = 0.24 to 0.25) and did not significantly correlate with resistance traits. The two traits did not show an association with V. destructor infestation levels. Further research is needed to confirm the results, as only a small number of colonies was evaluated.

scholarly journals Genomic survey of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, a major pest of the honey bee Apis mellifera

BMC Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Cornman ◽  
Michael C Schatz ◽  
J Spencer Johnston ◽  
Yan-Ping Chen ◽  
Jeff Pettis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Major Pest

A Conceptual Model of Zakat Payers' Trust in a Zakat Institution in Kelantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
Rufaidah Mat Nawi ◽  
Nadzirah Mohd Said ◽  
Hazriah Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Compliance Behavior ◽  
The Future

Zakat institutions are obliged to collect zakat from every eligible Muslim because their existence manages the institution by distributing the wealth from the wealthy Muslims to zakat asnafs. However, the zakat institutions still fail to ensure that every one of zakat payers will comply with paying through the institutions. Zakat payers' trust affects their zakat compliance behavior (Mustafa et al., 2013). According to research done by Faizal and Ramli (2017), compliance behavior is one factor that influences the act of tax compliance. This finding supports the prior studies by Kastlunger et al. (2013), who say that high trust causes the increase in tax compliance. The same case goes with paying zakat. Zakat payers' trust is essential in ensuring zakat payers pay zakat through the formal channels. According to Ahmad, Wahid, and Mohamad (2006), zakat payers' dissatisfaction towards zakat distribution practices by zakat institutions leads them to pay zakat directly to asnafs. Thus, this proves that lack of trust by zakat payers can increase the self-distribution practice and leakage in zakat collection. According to a report by Populus (2018), donors are most likely to donate their money to support causes by charities if charities are good at managing funds and demonstrate impacts for their causes. Otherwise, they will lose trust in those charities. As in this study, the main focus to study zakat payers' trust is to reduce the increase in self-distribution practice and gradually lead to maximize the zakat collection in the future. Based on that reason, this study determines which factors should be focused on to increase zakat payers' trust. The proposed factors in this study are disclosure practices, council board, and stakeholder management practices. Thus, the paper aims to develop a conceptual model of zakat payers' trust in a zakat institution in Kelantan. Keywords: Council board; Disclosure practices; Stakeholder management practices; Zakat payers' trust.

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