Reaction of Durum Wheat Cv Yallaroi to Crown and Root Rot Caused by Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 and Fusarium Crookwellense

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Balmas ◽  
LW Burgess ◽  
BA Summerell
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Crookwellense ◽  
Crown And Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

Reaction of Australian cultivars of oats and barley to infection by Fusarium graminearum Group 1

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE Nelson ◽  
LW Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

The incidence of infection by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 and the incidence of crown rot were compared for various cultivars of oats, wheat and barley in glasshouse and field experiments. In glasshouse studies, the incidence of infected plants was lower in oats than in wheat or barley at 6 weeks after sowing. Crown rot symptoms were not observed in oats of any cultivar. The incidence and severity of crown rot in barley was similar to that in wheat cv. Banks. Between 17 and 29 genotypes of oats, wheat and barley were assessed in field trials over 3 years. Stem browning, a symptom of crown rot, was common in wheat and barley but was not observed in any cultivar of oats. Among plants of wheat and barley, the effect of cultivar on incidence of crown rot was significant (P = 0.05) in 3 of 4 trials. Results suggest that oats are a symptomless host. This should be considered when growing oats in rotation to reduce crown rot inoculum. The barley cultivars assessed all developed moderate-severe crown rot symptoms and thus may incur yield limitations where crown rot is prevalent.

The incidence and spatial patterns of wheat plants infected by Fusarium graminearum group 1 and the effect of crown rot on yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Klein ◽  
LW Burgess ◽  
FW Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

The incidence and spatial patterns of wheat plants infected by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 were assessed in six fields in northern New South Wales, Australia, over a four-year period. The incidence of infected plants declined from 1978 to 1981 in fields where wheat was sown each year, where there was a bare fallow of 18 months and where sunflowers were sown in one season. The pattern of infected plants tended to be regular (uniform) where the incidence of infected plants was particularly high (> 96%). In all fields where a clustered (aggregated) pattern was detected, 12% to 64.4% of plants were infected. A random pattern was observed at a number of sites. There was a positive association between loss in potential yield and the incidence of infection, basal browning of plants and whiteheads. Losses of up to 89% were recorded.

Corrigendum - Inoculation methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
RL Dodman ◽  
GB Wildermuth
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Induced Field ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Field Inoculum ◽  
Group 1

A range of inocululatron methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 was evaluated in the glasshouse and in the field. When grain was colonized with the pathogen, ground and applied with the seed at planting or spread around young plants as an aqueous suspension, high levels of crown rot were produced, but resistance (usually measured as per cent diseased plants or tillers) was still expressed. Similar results were achieved with induced field inoculum obtained by inoculating an area of wheat to obtain a high incidence of disease and incorporating the stubble into the soil. Natural field inoculum and inoculation of seed with spores produced lower levels of disease, although differentiation of resistant and susceptible cultivars was still possible. Other methods, suitable only for plants in pots and often for more specific purposes (for example, for inoculation at different stages of plant growth) were also studied. Resistance was best expressed where inoculum was applied onto or into soil, rather than directly onto or into plants. Currently, the resistance of all potential cultivars for release in Queensland is assessed in the field by sowing seed dusted with benomyl into furrows along which ground, colonized grain is distributed. Crown rot severity is then determined at maturity.

Inoculation methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Dodman ◽  
GB Wildermuth
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Induced Field ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Field Inoculum ◽  
Group 1

A range of inocululatron methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 was evaluated in the glasshouse and in the field. When grain was colonized with the pathogen, ground and applied with the seed at planting or spread around young plants as an aqueous suspension, high levels of crown rot were produced, but resistance (usually measured as per cent diseased plants or tillers) was still expressed. Similar results were achieved with induced field inoculum obtained by inoculating an area of wheat to obtain a high incidence of disease and incorporating the stubble into the soil. Natural field inoculum and inoculation of seed with spores produced lower levels of disease, although differentiation of resistant and susceptible cultivars was still possible. Other methods, suitable only for plants in pots and often for more specific purposes (for example, for inoculation at different stages of plant growth) were also studied. Resistance was best expressed where inoculum was applied onto or into soil, rather than directly onto or into plants. Currently, the resistance of all potential cultivars for release in Queensland is assessed in the field by sowing seed dusted with benomyl into furrows along which ground, colonized grain is distributed. Crown rot severity is then determined at maturity.

Effect of rotation with barley and oats on crown rot of wheat in the northern wheat belt of New South Wales

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE Nelson ◽  
LW Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
New South ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Oat Straw ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

We investigated the incidence of Fusarium graminearum Group 1 (infection, stem colonisation) and crown rot in 3-year crop sequences of 1 or 2 years of barley, oats, or mown oats followed by wheat, compared with 3 years of wheat. Seed was sown into the stubble of the previous crop. Stubble production was estimated for each cereal treatment. Plants of each cereal were infected by the crown rot pathogen. Oats were susceptible to infection but did not express symptoms of crown rot in 2 years of the trial. Oats can, therefore, be considered a symptomless host that may contribute to the maintenance of inoculum. The overall mean incidence of infected plants increased from 12% in 1987 to 81% in 1989. The various treatments did not significantly reduce the incidence of infected wheat plants in November of the final year. The incidence of crown rot of wheat in 1989 was greatest after 2 prior wheat crops and lowest after 1 or 2 years of mown oats. The 3 species produced a similar amount of straw by weight; however, mown oats produced significantly less. Oat straw decomposed more rapidly than that of other cereals in controlled conditions.

scholarly journals Fusarium graminearum Species Complex Associated with Maize Crowns and Roots in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Lamprecht ◽  
Y. T. Tewoldemedhin ◽  
W. J. Botha ◽  
F. J. Calitz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Species Complex ◽  
Crown And Root Rot

Thirty-three isolates of the Fusarium graminearum species complex obtained from diseased maize (Zea mays) crowns and roots in the Winterton district, KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa were identified to species level. Their pathogenicity and virulence to maize ‘PHI 32D96B’ seedlings were determined under glasshouse conditions, with seedling survival and growth and crown and root rot as criteria. Phylogenetic analyses using the 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) gene region sequences revealed the presence of F. boothii (2 isolates), F. graminearum sensu stricto (26 isolates), and F. meridionale (5 isolates) in the F. graminearum species complex associated with diseased maize crowns and roots. Pathogenicity results showed that F. boothii was the most and F. meridionale the least virulent of the three species. F. boothii and F. graminearum sensu stricto significantly reduced survival of seedlings and all three species caused significant reduction in growth and significantly more crown and root rot than the control (uninoculated). This is the first report of F. boothii, F. graminearum sensu stricto, and F. meridionale associated with diseased maize crowns and roots and their pathogenicity and virulence as soilborne pathogens on maize seedlings in South Africa.

scholarly journals Screening of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) Italian Cultivars for Susceptibility to Fusarium Head Blight Incited by Fusarium graminearum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Gaetano Bentivenga ◽  
Alfio Spina ◽  
Karim Ammar ◽  
Maria Allegra ◽  
Santa Olga Cacciola
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Italian Origin

In 2009, a set of 35 cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) of Italian origin was screened for fusarium head blight (FHB) susceptibility at CIMMYT (Mexico) and in the 2019–20 cropping season, 16 of these cultivars, which had been included in the Italian National Plant Variety Register, were tested again in southern and northern Italy. Wheat cultivars were artificially inoculated during anthesis with a conidial suspension of Fusarium graminearum sensu lato using a standard spray inoculation method. Inoculum was a mixture of mono-conidial isolates sourced in the same areas where the trials were performed. Isolates had been characterized on the basis of morphological characteristics and by DNA PCR amplification using a specific primer set and then selected for their virulence and ability to produce mycotoxins. The susceptibility to FHB was rated on the basis of the disease severity, disease incidence and FHB index. Almost all of the tested cultivars were susceptible or very susceptible to FHB with the only exception of “Duprì”, “Tiziana” and “Dylan” which proved to be moderately susceptible. The susceptibility to FHB was inversely correlated with the plant height and flowering biology, the tall and the late heading cultivars being less susceptible.

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