First report of Pseudomonas syringae on olives (Olea europaea) in South Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Hall ◽  
E. J. Cother ◽  
D. Noble ◽  
R. McMahon ◽  
T. J. Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
South Australia ◽  
First Report ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Feral olives ( Olea europaea) as future woody weeds in Australia: a review

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. R. Spennemann ◽  
L. R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Environmental Weed ◽  
Olive Industry ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Olives (Olea europaea ssp. europaea), dispersed from 19th century orchards in the Adelaide area, have become established in remnant bushland as a major environmental weed. Recent expansion of the Australian olive industry has resulted in the widespread planting of olive orchards in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and parts of Tasmania. This paper reviews the literature on the activity of vertebrate (principally avian) olive predators and their potential as vectors for spreading this plant into Australian remnant bushland. The effects of feralisation on the olive plant, which enhances its capacity for dispersal as a weed, place wider areas of south-eastern Australia at risk. A number of approaches for the control of olives as woody weeds are addressed. Proponents of new agricultural crops have moral and environmental obligations to assess the weed potential of these crops.

Water relations of feral olive trees (Olea europaea) resprouting after severe pruning

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Shelden ◽  
Russell Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Soil Matric Potential ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Water relations of feral olives (Olea europaea L.) were studied on a location in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia. In spring (October–November), 6 months before the study commenced, an area of trees had been cut back to stumps as part of an eradication project. The stumps resprouted vigorously over summer, similarly to regrowth seen following wildfire. The following autumn and winter, plant water potentials and soil matric potentials were measured on the cut trees and adjacent control trees, to determine whether the cut trees were better hydrated due to the pruning treatment. In autumn, before the winter rains began, the resprouting trees were more hydrated than the control trees, with a difference in predawn water potentials of between 2 and 4 MPa, and 1.5 MPa or greater throughout the day. The soil matric potential was much less negative on the cleared site, both at the surface and at 50-cm depth, indicating that soil water had been less depleted by the cut trees than by the intact trees. This improved hydration was similar to that reported for sclerophyll vegetation after defoliation by fire. Results have some significance for feral olive eradication projects.

scholarly journals First report of anthracnose and fruit mummification of olive fruit (Olea europaea) caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. S. Duarte ◽  
P. G. C. Cabral ◽  
O. L. Pereira ◽  
L. Zambolim ◽  
E. D. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Olive Fruit ◽  
First Report ◽  
Olea Europaéa

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium solani Causing Wilt of Olea europaea in Nepal

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Vettraino ◽  
G. P. Shrestha ◽  
A. Vannini
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
First Report ◽  
Culture Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Leaf drop, wilt, and mortality were observed in September of 2007 on approximately 10% of 1- to 2-year-old olive (Olea europaea cv. Leccino) plants shipped from Europe and growing in a nursery in the District of Makwampur, Nepal. Roots of symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were disinfected in 1% NaOCl, cut into 1 cm long pieces, plated on 2% potato dextrose agar, and maintained at 20°C with 14 h of light per day. Colonies with white mycelium developed after 3 days. Microconidia and three-septated macroconidia averaged 11 × 3.9 μm and 38 × 5 μm, respectively. Chlamydospores were produced singly and in pairs. On the basis of culture characteristics, the fungus was identified as Fusarium solani (2). The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 DNA sequences of 10 monoconidial cultures shared 99% identity with F. solani strains available on the NCBI databases (GenBank Accession Nos. 1115947 and 1115999). Pathogenicity tests were conducted with F. solani isolates NR1 and NR2 obtained from symptomatic plants. Twelve-month-old rooted cuttings of O. europaea cv. Leccino were transferred to pots containing a soilless mix and F. solani-infected oat grains (10:1 vol/vol). Fifteen plants of each F. solani isolate were inoculated. Noninfested sterilized oat grains were used for the control treatment. Symptoms on inoculated plants included leaf abscission followed by wilting and plant death approximately 10 days after inoculation and resembled those observed on the naturally infected plants. Noninoculated control plants remained healthy. The fungus was reisolated from roots of symptomatic tissues and was identical in appearance to the isolates used to inoculate the plants. No colonies of F. solani were isolated from noninoculated plants. F. solani has been reported as weakly pathogenic on olive in Spain (4) and highly aggressive on olive in Argentina (1) and India (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing wilt and mortality of young olive plants in Nepal. References: (1) S. Babbit et al. Plant Dis. 86:326, 2002. (2) C. Booth. Fusarium Laboratory Guide to the Identification of the Major Species. CMI, Kew, England, 1977. (3) R. L. Munjal et al. Studies on diseases of olive in Himachal Pradesh. Page 437 in: Improvement of Forest Biomass. Symposium Proceedings. Indian Society of Tree Scientists. P. K. Kosla, ed. Sdan, India, 1982. (4) M. E. Sánchez Hernández et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 104:347, 1998.

scholarly journals First report ofPseudocercospora cladosporioideson olive (Olea europaea) berries in Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sergeeva ◽  
U. Braun ◽  
R. Spooner-Hart ◽  
N. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
First Report ◽  
Olea Europaéa

scholarly journals First Report of Knot Disease on Olive (Olea europaea) in Japan Caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1445-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tsuji ◽  
K. Ohta ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
Y. Takikawa
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
First Report ◽  
Olea Europaéa

scholarly journals First report of Phaeoacremonium oleae and P. viticola associated with olive trunk diseases in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Raimondo ◽  
Francesco Lops ◽  
Antonia Carlucci
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
Tubulin Genes ◽  
Trunk Disease ◽  
Artificial Inoculations ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Β Tubulin ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Over 300 trunk, branch and stem samples with vascular discolouration, necrotic wood and shoot death were collected from olive (Olea europaea) orchards in Lecce, Brindisi, Bari and Foggia provinces (Apulia region, Italy) from October to May from 2013 to 2019. Small chips of symptomatic wood samples were surface sterilised (5% NaOCl, 3 min; 70% ethanol, 30 s), rinsed (sterile distilled water, ×3), and placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates amended with 500 ppm streptomycin sulphate. After 14 days at 25 °C in the dark, hyphal tips of growing fungi, including different taxa, for instance Phaeoacremonium and Botryosphaeriaceae spp., were transferred to new PDA plates and incubated until sporulation. Monoclonal colonies resembling Phaeoacremonium-like genus (Mostert et al. 2006) were selected for further study, and genomic DNA of 59 representative isolates was extracted (Carlucci et al. 2013). Partial actin and β-tubulin genes were amplified with primers ACT-513F/ACT-783R (Carbone & Kohn 1999), and T1(O’Donnell & Cigelnik 1997) and Bt2b (Glass & Donaldson 1995), respectively. The sequenced amplicons were compared by BLAST algorithms with reference strains of Phaeoacremonium spp. retrieved from GenBank. Forty-four isolates showed 99% to 100% similarity with reference strains P. italicum, P. minimum, P. parasiticum, P. scolyti and P. sicilianum (Carlucci et al. 2015), nine with P. oleae, and six with P. viticola. Actin and β-tubulin sequences of P. oleae (Pm14) and P. viticola (Pm34) were submitted to GenBank (MW714561, MW714563; MZ318697, MZ318696). Microscopy of P. oleae isolates showed: conidiophores branched and unbranched, (18.7–)21.9–57.1(–67.8) × (2.9–)3.3–4.7(–5.2) (mean, 38.9×4.1) μm (n=30); conidia oblong-ellipsoidal to obovoid or subcylindrical 3.4 to 5.5 μm long, and 1.5 to 2.4 (mean, 4.6 × 2.2) μm wide (n=30). Microscopy of P. viticola isolates showed: conidiophores subcylindrical, branched at base (6.7–)8.9–27.2(–29.3) × (2.0–)2.6–3.3(–3.7) (mean, 21.4 × 3.2) μm (n=30); conidia oblong-ellipsoidal to obovoid or subcylindrical 3.3 to 6.8 μm long, and 1.1 to 2.2 (mean, 4.2 × 1.6) μm wide (n=30). In spring 2020, artificial inoculations were carried out with P. oleae (Pm14, Pm46) and P. viticola (Pm34, Pm43) strains on 10 healthy, 2-year-old olive seedlings cultivar ‘Coratina’. Agar plugs (diameter, 0.3–0.5 cm) from 10-day-old cultures grown on water agar at 23 (±2) °C were inserted under the bark of small wounds in the stems (length, 0.4–1.0 cm) made with a sterile scalpel. After inoculation, the wounds were wrapped with wet sterile cotton wool and sealed with Parafilm. Ten control olive seedlings were inoculated with sterile agar plugs. The experiment was replicated three times. All inoculated young olive plants were grown in pots in a greenhouse without temperature control. After 120 days, inoculated plants showed decline symptoms, and when cut longitudinally, brown streaks were observed in the wood. For P. oleae these streaks measured 3.0-5.5 cm long (standard deviation [SD], 0.9 cm, and for P. viticola they were 1.8-3.5 cm (SD, 0.62). Both fungal species were re-isolated from the symptomatic wood from 85% and 80%, respectively, of these inoculated olive seedlings, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. No symptoms were observed from olive seedlings used as control. P. oleae was first described as a fungal pathogen of wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. cuspidate) in South Africa by Spies et al. (2018), and P. viticola as a fungal pathogen of grapevine in France by Dupont et al. (2000). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. oleae associated with olive trunk disease in Italy, and the first report of P. viticola associated with olive trunk disease worldwide. References: Carbone I. & Kohn L.M. 1999. Mycologia 91:553. Carlucci A. et al. 2015. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 141:717. Carlucci A. et al. 2013. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 52:517. Dupont et al. 2000. Mycologia 92:499-504. Glass N. L. & Donaldson G. C. 1995. J. Cl. Microbiol. 41: 1332. Mostert L. et al. 2006. Stud. Mycol. 54:1. O’Donnell K. & Cigelnik E. 1997. Mol. Phylogenetics Evol 7:103. Spies et al. 2018. Persoonia 40:26.

First report of olive knot caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi on olives (Olea europaea) in Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Hall ◽  
E. J. Cother ◽  
M. Whattam ◽  
D. Noble ◽  
J. Luck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
First Report ◽  
Olea Europaéa
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