Competition between aggressive and non-aggressive strains of Botrytis cinerea (Botryotinia fuckeliana) on French bean leaves

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline L. Weeds ◽  
Ross E. Beever ◽  
Peter G. Long
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana ◽  
Bean Leaves

Purification and characterization of a constitutive polygalacturonase associated with the infection process of French bean leaves by Botrytis cinerea

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1921-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Leone ◽  
E. A. M. Schoffelmeer ◽  
J. Van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Purification Procedure ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Titration Curves ◽  
Optimal Ph ◽  
Bean Leaves

The constitutively produced polygalacturonase isoenzyme PG2 was isolated from culture filtrates of Botrytis cinerea, purified to homogeneity, and characterized. The shape of titration curves of PG2 and two other polygalacturonase isoenzymes explained the difficulties found in separating superimposed pectic enzyme activities during the purification procedure. PG2 hydrolyzed sodium polygalacturonate more quickly than pectin. The optimal pH for PG2 activity with polygalacturonate was 4.5 and with pectin, 4.0. PG2 activity was also influenced by the presence of NaCl or CaCl2 in the reaction mixture. Analysis of the breakdown products by paper chromatography and a comparison of the reaction rate by viscosimetry and reducing group assay revealed that PG2 has an endocatalytic mode of action on polygalacturonate. The isoelectric point and the molecular mass of PG2 were estimated to be 9.1 and 23.0 kDa, respectively. Key words: Botrytis cinerea, chromatofocusing, endopolygalacturonase, purification, substrate specificity, titration curve.

scholarly journals Radiochemical determination of a unique sequence around the reactive serine residue of a di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate-sensitive plant carboxypeptidase and a yeast peptidase

1972 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Shaw ◽  
J. R. E. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Unique Sequence ◽  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Serine Carboxypeptidase ◽  
Serine Residue ◽  
Radiochemical Determination ◽  
Bean Leaves

Phaseolain, a carboxypeptidase from French-bean leaves, and a partially purified peptidase from baker's yeast are inhibited by reaction with di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate. Radioactive di-isopropyl [32P]phosphorofluoridate was used to show that the site of reaction is a unique serine residue and that the sequence of amino acids adjacent to the reactive serine is Glu-Ser-Tyr. This sequence is different from those of other ‘serine’ enzymes previously reported and, for phaseolain, represents an unequivocal example of a ‘serine’ carboxypeptidase.

Inheritance and Mechanisms of Resistance to Anilinopyrimidine Fungicides in Botrytis Cinerea (Botryotinia Fuckeliana)

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Chapeland ◽  
René Fritz ◽  
Catherine Lanen ◽  
Michel Gredt ◽  
Pierre Leroux
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana

scholarly journals First Report of Fenhexamid-Resistant Botrytis cinerea Causing Gray Mold on Heurchera in a North American Greenhouse

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Moorman ◽  
A.-S. Walker ◽  
S. May
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
North Central ◽  
First Report ◽  
Group I ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Penn State ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana

Greenhouse-grown Heuchera plants, treated with fenhexamid (Decree, SePRO, Carmel, IN; FRAC group 17 hydroxyanilide), with active gray mold were submitted to the Penn State Plant Disease Clinic in December 2010 from a commercial operation in north-central Pennsylvania. Genetic and phenotypic analyses identified the isolate as Botrytis cinerea Pers. (teleomorph Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel), HydR3 phenotype (2) and not B. pseudocinerea (previously Botrytis group I) (4), naturally resistant to fenhexamid (phenotype HydR1) (1). While 0.2 μg of fenhexamid per ml or less is required to slow mycelial growth and germ tube elongation of sensitive isolates by 50% (EC50), the radial growth EC50 of the Heuchera isolate was approximately 2,000 μg of fenhexamid per ml in culture. Five cucumber seedlings receiving 25 μl of 0.1 M dextrose containing the label rate of Decree (1,800 μg/ml) on the growing tip were inoculated with colonized agar in the drop. Five check plants received 25 μl of 0.1 M dextrose. B. cinerea from silica gel storage since 1988 was also tested. This experiment was repeated three times. The 1988 isolate killed all fungicide-free but no fenhexamid-treated plants. The Heuchera isolate killed all fungicide-free and fenhexamid-treated plants within 4 days. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. cinerea from a greenhouse in North America with fenhexamid resistance. Resistance occurs in U.S. fields (3). The Heuchera isolate's HydR3 resistance phenotype (2) has been detected in Germany, Japan, and France and has mutations affecting the 3-keto reductase protein, encoded by the erg27 gene, the specific target of fenhexamid and involved in Botrytis sterol biosynthesis. The Decree label states that it is to be used only twice on a crop before switching to a different mode of action. Greenhouses have resident Botrytis populations that are likely to be exposed to any fungicide applied in the structure. Growers should consider using fenhexamid only twice in a particular greenhouse, rather than on a particular crop, before switching to a different mode of action. References: (1) P. Leroux et al. Crop Prot. 18:687, 1999.(2) P. Leroux et al. Pest Manag. Sci. 58:876, 2002. (3) Z. Ma and T. J. Michailides. Plant Dis. 89:1083, 2005. (4) A.-S. Walker et al. Phytopathology 101:1433, 2011.

The Connection Between Botryotinia Fuckeliana and Botrytis Cinerea

Mycologia ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walton Groves ◽  
Constance A. Loveland
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Botryotinia Fuckeliana
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