scholarly journals ImmuneDEX: updated genomic estimates of genetic parameters and breeding values for Australian Angus cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Reverter ◽  
Brad C. Hine ◽  
Laercio Porto-Neto ◽  
Pamela A. Alexandre ◽  
Yutao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Angus Cattle

Estimates of genetic parameters and breeding values for New Zealand and Australian Angus cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Covariance Matrices ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Adjustment Factors

Genetic parameters and adjustment factors for birth, weaning, yearling and final weight were estimated for the New Zealand Angus population, fitting an animal model including maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects as additional random effects. Overall, pooled covariance matrices agreed well with those for Australian Angus, though heritability estimates for birth weight were somewhat lower than in Australian Angus. BREEDPLAN estimates of breeding values and their accuracies were obtained for each population separately. Correlations between estimates for sires with accurate proofs in both countries agreed with their expectations, giving no indication of a genotype x environment interaction. A joint genetic evaluation using adjustment factors specific to each country but the same covariance matrices is recommended.

Genetic analysis of feet and leg traits of Australian Angus cattle using linear and threshold models

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Jeyaruban ◽  
Bruce Tier ◽  
David Johnston ◽  
Hans Graser
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Six Traits

The advantages of using a univariate threshold animal model (TAM) over the conventional linear animal model (AM) in the development of a genetic evaluation system for feet and leg traits of Angus cattle were explored. The traits were scored on a scale of 1–9 with scores 5 and 6 being the most desirable. The genetic parameters and estimated breeding values for front feet angle (FA), rear feet angle (RA), front feet claw set (FC), rear feet claw set (RC), rear leg hind view (RH) and rear leg side view (RS) were compared from AM and TAM. In order to predict breeding values to identify the animals with intermediate optimum, the scores were categorised to form three groups to differentiate the desirable group (5–6) from the other two groups with less desirable feet and leg appearances (1–4 and 7–9). The AM and TAM were used to estimate genetic parameters for the grouped data as well as the original score data. A TAM using the group data was used to predict the probability and breeding value for the desirable intermediate group. For the original score data, estimated heritabilities on the underlying scale, using TAM, were 0.50, 0.46, 0.35, 0.44, 0.32 and 0.22 for FA, FC, RA, RC, RH and RS, respectively, and were 0.01–0.18 higher than the heritabilities estimated using AM. Genetic correlation between the six traits using a bivariate TAM with all scores ranged from 0.02 to 0.50 with front and rear angles had the highest genetic correlation at 0.50. For all six traits, proportion in the intermediate desirable group was higher than the other two groups combined. The low annual genetic change observed for all six traits over the 10 years of data recording reflected the lack of directional selection to improve the traits in Angus cattle. For genetic evaluation of feet and leg traits with an intermediate optimum, TAM is a preferred method for estimating genetic parameters and predicting breeding values for the desirable category. The TAM has now been implemented for regular estimated breeding value analysis of feet and leg traits of Angus cattle.

scholarly journals A note on genetic parameters and accuracy of estimated breeding values in honey bees

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evert W. Brascamp ◽  
Piter Bijma
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Additive Genetic Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background In honey bees, observations are usually made on colonies. The phenotype of a colony is affected by the average breeding value for the worker effect of the thousands of workers in the colony (the worker group) and by the breeding value for the queen effect of the queen of the colony. Because the worker group consists of multiple individuals, interpretation of the variance components and heritabilities of phenotypes observed on the colony and of the accuracy of selection is not straightforward. The additive genetic variance among worker groups depends on the additive genetic relationship between the drone-producing queens (DPQ) that produce the drones that mate with the queen. Results Here, we clarify how the relatedness between DPQ affects phenotypic variance, heritability and accuracy of the estimated breeding values of replacement queens. Second, we use simulation to investigate the effect of assumptions about the relatedness between DPQ in the base population on estimates of genetic parameters. Relatedness between DPQ in the base generation may differ considerably between populations because of their history. Conclusions Our results show that estimates of (co)variance components and derived genetic parameters were seriously biased (25% too high or too low) when assumptions on the relationship between DPQ in the statistical analysis did not agree with reality.

0386 Genetic parameters for production traits and heifer pregnancy in Red Angus cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 187-187
Author(s):  
R. J. Boldt ◽  
S. E. Speidel ◽  
M. G. Thomas ◽  
L. Keenan ◽  
R. M. Enns
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Red Angus

Genetic parameter estimations and genomic insights for teat and udder structure in young and mature Canadian Angus cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Devani ◽  
J J Crowley ◽  
G Plastow ◽  
K Orsel ◽  
T S Valente
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Abstract Poor teat and udder structure, frequently associated with older cows, impact cow production and health, as well as calf morbidity and mortality. However, producer culling, for reasons including age, production, feed availability, and beef markets, creates a bias in teat and udder scores assessed and submitted to the Canadian Angus Association for genetic evaluations towards improved mammary structure. In addition, due to the infancy of the reporting program, repeated scores are rare. Prior to adoption of genetic evaluations for teat and udder scores in Canadian Angus cattle, it is imperative to verify that teat and udder scores from young cows are the same trait as teat and udder scores estimated on mature cows. Genetic parameters for teat and udder scores from all cows (n=4,192), and then from young cows (parity 1 and 2) and from mature cows (parity ≥ 4) were estimated using a single trait animal model. Genetic correlations for the traits between the two cow age groups were estimated using a two-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability (PSD) were 0.32 (0.07) and 0.45 (0.07) for young teat and udder score, and 0.27 (0.07) and 0.31 (0.07) for mature teat and udder score, respectively. Genetic correlation (PSD) between the young and mature traits was 0.87 (0.13) for teat score and 0.40 (0.17) for udder score. GWAS were used to further explore the genetic and biological commonalities and differences between the two groups. Although there were no genes in common for the two udder scores, 12 genes overlapped for teat score in the two cow age groups. Interestingly, there were also 23 genes in common between teat and udder scores in mature cows. Based on these findings, it is recommended that producers collect teat and udder score on their cow herd annually.

scholarly journals Stability of Aberdeen Angus breeding values in the Czech Republic from 1997 to 2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
DucháčekJ ◽  
PřibylJ ◽  
L. Stádník ◽  
VostrýL ◽  
BeranJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Stability

We predict the stability of breeding values (BVs) for direct effect (DE) and maternal effect (ME) for live weights at 210 days of age in the entire population of purebred Aberdeen Angus cattle in the Czech Republic according to an increase of progeny number in performance recording over a period of 11 years (1997 to 2007) and the course of BVs for DE and ME during the years of observation in animals born until 1997.  Furthermore we compare genetic trends of BVs for DE and ME among animals born in different years and detect the level and significance of correlation coefficients among predictions of BVs for DE and ME performed during the years of observation. The animal model and the BLUPF90 programme were used for these predictions. The used model included the effects of animal, sex, contemporary group, dam, age of dam, and permanent environment of dam. The variance of BVs ranged from 4.96 to 10.87 depending on the year of evaluation and whether it was related to maternal or direct genetic effect. The animals were initially assigned to groups according to their BV in 1997, and this ranking was not affected by the BVs predicted in subsequent years. The existence of a negative correlation between direct and maternal effects was confirmed. The significant correlations (P < 0.0001) demonstrated a strong relationship between the BVs predicted in successive years, e.g. the correlation coefficient for the relationship between BVs for direct effect predicted in the last years of the examined period was above 0.9 and that for maternal effect was above 0.8. 

Selection of parents and estimation of genetic parameters using BLUP and molecular methods for lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) breeding program in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Federico Cazzola ◽  
Fernando Maglia ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
High Yields

AbstractThe most important objective of lentil breeding programs is to develop new genotypes that are genetically more productive. Besides, it is necessary that the varieties obtained have short flowering cycles to allow the later sowing of summer crops. Selection is based through phenotypic means; however, we argue it should be based on genetic or breeding values because quantitative traits are often influenced by environments and genotype–environment interactions. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify genotypes with the highest merit; (ii) estimate genetic parameters to know the genetic control of morphological traits in macrosperma and microsperma lentil types using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Twenty-five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from six F4 families selected on the basis of precocity and high yields were tested in four environments for important quantitative traits. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between genotypes, environments, and genotype–environment interactions for all the traits. Seven macrosperma- and two microsperma-type RILs were selected. Based on average ranking from breeding values and molecular data obtained with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), the same genotypes were selected. Genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability across and by environment, and genetic correlation coefficients using BLUP were obtained. According to our results BLUP could replace molecular analysis methods because the selection process was simpler, more cost-effective, and more accurate. The breeding value of parents would give a better ranking of their genetic value than would their phenotypic value; therefore, the selection efficiency would be enhanced and the genetic gain would be more predictable. The selected genotypes could become potential commercial varieties or be used as parental lines in future hybridization programs.

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