scholarly journals Insects: a novel animal-feed protein source for the Australian market

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2037
Author(s):  
K. DiGiacomo ◽  
H. Akit ◽  
B. J. Leury
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Feed Conversion

The increasing demands on natural resources to provide food and feed has led to increased global initiatives to improve production sustainability and efficiency. The use of insects as an alternate source of protein for human food and production-animal feed is one such avenue gaining attention. With there being a large variety of insect species endemic to each region, there is likely to be an ideal candidate for each specific production system and region. Insects require less land and water than do terrestrial animals, have high feed-conversion efficiency (FCE) and emit low levels of greenhouse gases (GHG). Insect species currently investigated for mass production include black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), mealworms and crickets. In western societies, it is less likely that wide-scale adoption of insects as a food source will occur, although speciality products with ‘hidden’ insects, such as cricket flour, are commercially available. It is likely to be more achievable for insects to be included into the diets of production and companion animals. While there has been significant investment in research and development of large-scale insect-production systems, such facilities are yet to start producing at a significant scale. The safety and efficacy of insects as a food or feed must be established in conjunction with the development of mass rearing facilities and the optimisation of insect-rearing substrates. Insects also have nutraceutical properties that may have beneficial impacts on animal health and growth, with scope for these properties to be exploited as feed or food additives. The present review will explore the following question: ‘are insects a future livestock industry for Australia?’.

Is there a promising market ‘in between’ organic and conventional food? Analysis of consumer preferences

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Janssen ◽  
Astrid Heid ◽  
Ulrich Hamm
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Low Input ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Certified Organic

AbstractVarious products incorporating single aspects of organic production systems such as lower inputs of pesticides, food additives or concentrated animal feed are found on the food market (referred to as low-input products hereafter). In our study, we analyzed how consumers react to low-input products in a purchase simulation with certified organic, conventional and low-input products. In the purchase simulations, each participant was asked to make three consecutive purchase decisions, one each for milk, yogurt and apples. The results of a cluster analysis revealed one cluster with a high preference for organic products and three clusters that featured considerable shares of low-input purchases. The latter clusters, however, were not characterized by a clear preference for low-input products. Rather, they bought mixed baskets of goods, i.e., low-input products in combination with either organic or conventional products. The low-input products in the categories milk, yogurt and apples did thus not necessarily attract the same groups of people. Interestingly, we found that most consumers who chose low-input products in the simulations usually buy those particular products in conventional quality. We conclude that in our study, we found a heterogeneous group of low-input buyers. For the organic sector, communicating the various aspects of organic production might be a promising strategy for gaining new customers. The low-input products in the purchase simulation only featured one special attribute, whereas organic products incorporate several.

Plant-made vaccines: biotechnology and immunology in animal health

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rice ◽  
W. M. Ainley ◽  
P. Shewen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Model Animal

AbstractThe use of plants as production systems for vaccine antigens has been actively investigated over the last 15 years. The original research focused on the value of this expression system for oral delivery based on the hypothesis that plant-expressed antigens would be more stable within the digestive tract and would allow for the use of the oral route of administration to stimulate a mucosal immune response. However, while first conceived for utility via the oral route, plant-made antigens have also been studied as classical immunogens delivered via a needle to model animal systems. Antigens have been expressed in a number of whole plant and cell culture systems. Several alternative expression platforms have been developed to increase expression of antigens or to elicit preferred immunological responses. The biotechnological advances in plant expression and the immunological testing of these antigens will be reviewed in this paper focusing primarily on diseases of livestock and companion animals.

scholarly journals Torrefied biomass in biofuel production system

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
D. Ciolkosz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Added Value

Ukraine produces large amounts of crop residues every year, much which could be utilized to produce biofuel. However, efficient supply chains and system configurations are needed to make such systems efficient and cost effective. One option is to integrate torrefaction, power production and biofuel production into a single, coordinated system. This approach allows for high value product (i.e. biofuel), greater utilization of the energy content of the feedstock, and supply chain efficiency. Initial analyses indicate that revenues can be enhanced through this approach, and further analyses and optimization efforts could identify a sustainable approach to renewable fuel and power production for Ukraine. The question of scale and layout remains of interest as well, and a thorough logistical study is needed to identify the most suitable configuration. Agricultural operations often benefit from smaller scales of operation, whereas fuel production processes tend to operate profitably only at very large scale. Thus, a balance must be struck between the needs of both ends of the supply chain. The processing center concept helps to balance those needs. A system such as this also has potential to synergize with other agricultural production systems, such as the production of animal feed, fertilizer, and other bio-based products. The complexities of the Ukrainian agricultural market will need to be reflected carefully in any model that seeks to assess the system's potential. Presents a concept for coupling thermal pretreatment (torrefaction with biofuel and power production for the transformation of wheat straw into a value added product for Ukraine. Torrefaction provides supply chain savings, while conversion provides added value to the product. This paradigm has potential to utilize a widely produced waste material into a valuable source of energy and possibly other products for the country.

scholarly journals Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Contaminating Veterinary Diets for Dogs and Cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Witaszak ◽  
Łukasz Stępień ◽  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Eu

Veterinary diets are intended for diseased animals and may contain cereal grains, mainly maize and/or wheat. These, in turn, are often infected with pathogens of the Fusarium genus, which are able to produce numerous harmful mycotoxins. Forty-two samples of veterinary diets for dogs and cats were analyzed for the presence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins. Species were identified using molecular methods and the ergosterol and mycotoxins (fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone) were quantified using HPLC methods. Two Fusarium species were identified: Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides. The highest concentrations of fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone were 74.83, 2318.05, 190.90, and 45.84 ng/g, respectively. Only 9.5% of the samples were free from Fusarium mycotoxins. The acceptable limits of mycotoxin content in animal feed, specified by the EU regulations, were not exceeded in any of the samples tested. The mean mycotoxin content in veterinary diets for cats was lower than for dogs. Thus, it is recommended that veterinary diets are examined, since the mycotoxin contamination pose additional risk to animal health. The knowledge on Fusarium occurrence in veterinary diets is scarce and as far as we are aware this is the first report concerning the occurrence of Fusarium spp. and their important secondary metabolites—mycotoxins—in different types of veterinary diets for companion animals in Poland.

scholarly journals The Effects of Fungal Feed Additives in Animals: A Review

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Wen Yang Chuang ◽  
Yun Chen Hsieh ◽  
Tzu-Tai Lee
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Functional Components

As probiotics, fungi enhance animal health and are suitable animal feed additives. In addition to brewing fungi, there are also edible and medicinal fungi. Common fungi utilized in feeding programs include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae, Pleurotus spp., Antrodia cinnamomea, and Cordyceps militaris. These fungi are rich in glucans, polysaccharides, polyphenols, triterpenes, ergosterol, adenosine, and laccases. These functional components play important roles in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and immune system regulation. As such, fungal feed additives could be of potential use when breeding livestock. In previous studies, fungal feed additives enhanced body weight and egg production in poultry and improved the feed conversion rate. Several mycotoxins can be produced by hazardous fungi but fortunately, the cell walls constituents and enzymes of fungal probiotics can also act to decrease the toxicity of mycotoxins. Overall, fungal feed additives are of value, but their safety and usage must be studied further, including cost-benefit economic analyses.

scholarly journals Influence of Yeast Products on Modulating Metabolism and Immunity in Cattle and Swine

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Nicole C. Burdick Sanchez ◽  
Paul R. Broadway ◽  
Jeffery A. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Energy Demands

Nutritional supplementation has been used by livestock producers for many years in order to increase animal performance, improve animal health, and reduce negative effects associated with enteric and/or respiratory pathogens. Supplements such as yeast and yeast-based products have broad applications across many livestock production systems, including poultry, aquaculture, cattle, and swine and have been shown to benefit animal production at various stages. These benefits include improvement in milk production, weight gain and feed conversion, as well as immune function. Initial research into the mode of action for these effects has focused on stimulation of the immune system by the β-glucan fractions of yeast. However, emerging studies have revealed that some of the beneficial effects of yeast products may stem from altering metabolism, including the availability of glucose and fatty acids. These changes in metabolism, and potentially energy availability, may partially explain differences in immune function observed in yeast-supplemented livestock, as the energy demands of an activated immune system are extremely high. Thus, this paper explores the influence of yeast products on metabolism in cattle and swine, and how changes in metabolism and energy availability may contribute to improvements in immune function in supplemented animals.

scholarly journals Probióticos Como Aditivos Dietéticos Para Cerdos. Una Revisión/Probiotics as Dietetic Additives for Pigs. A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Morales-Oñate ◽  
B Morales-Oñate
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Keywords Probiotics

Por varias décadas se ha utilizado en los sistemas intensivos y semi intensivos de producción porcina los antibióticos promotores de crecimiento, con la finalidad de controlar los problemas digestivos y respiratorios y mejorar la eficiencia. Sin embargo, su utilización en la alimentación de animales destinados al consumo humano, se relaciona con la crisis de salud global por la resistencia a los antimicrobianos. A nivel internacional, varias jurisdicciones respondieron a través de la restricción o prohibición del uso de estos productos. Esta situación condujo a que diferentes grupos de investigación se centraran en el estudio y desarrollo de alternativas para mantener la salud de los animales y el rendimiento productivo. Dentro de estas alternativas se incluyen probióticos que son uno de los aditivos alimentarios más estudiados y se definen como microorganismo(s) vivo (s) que cuando se adicionan en cantidades adecuadas influyen benéficamente en la salud del huésped. La aplicación de estos productos en la alimentación de cerdos puede modular la respuesta inmune y mejorar los parámetros zootécnicos de conversión alimenticia y ganancia de peso vivo final. Además, se pueden utilizar en el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas digestivas, como la diarrea, lo que aporta un beneficio económico importante en la industria porcina. En este estudio, se realizó una revisión de las diferentes etapas fisiológicas de cerdos con 23 citas bibliográficas y 50 referencias sobre la utilización de probióticos en la especie porcina como la utilización de probióticos en la alimentación. For several decades, antibiotic growth promoters have been used in intensive and semi-intensive systems of swine production, with the purpose of controlling digestive and respiratory problems and improving efficiency. However, its use in feeding animals destined for human consumption is related to the global health crisis due to resistance to antimicrobials. Internationally, several jurisdictions responded by restricting or prohibiting the use of these products. This situation led to different research groups focusing on the study and development of alternatives to maintain animal health and productive performance. These alternatives include probiotics that are one of the most studied food additives and are defined as live microorganism (s) that, when added in adequate amounts, beneficially influence the health of the host. The application of these products in pig feed can modulate the immune response and improve the zootechnical parameters of feed conversion and final live weight gain. In addition, they can be used in the treatment of digestive infectious diseases, such as diarrhea, which provides a significant economic benefit in the swine industry. In this study, a review was made of the different physiological stages of pigs with 23 citations and 50 references on the use of probiotics in swine as the use of probiotics in food. Palabras Claves: Probióticos, antibióticos, rendimiento productivo, salud del huésped. Keywords: Probiotics, antibiotics, productive performance, guest health.

scholarly journals Agroclimatic zoning: a planning strategy for agricultural and livestock systems in Alta Guajira, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-447
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alfonso Araujo-Carrillo ◽  
Fabio Ernesto Martínez-Maldonado ◽  
Leidy Yibeth Deantonio-Florido ◽  
Douglas Andrés Gómez-Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Species Type ◽  
Suitable Area ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

One of the most important dry agroecosystems in Colombia is found in the northern Guajira region, which has native inhabitants (sociocultural aspect) and semiarid zones (ecological aspect). This condition has resulted in great vulnerability in agricultural production systems to adverse climatic events, which require large scale action. For example, the establishment of agroclimatic suitability zones are needed to access information, for decision-making. The aim of this study was to carry out agroclimatic zoning in the municipality of Uribia (La Guajira) for agricultural production systems and animal feed species. The criteria used to identify the agroclimatic suitability zones included: plant coverage present in the municipality, soil suitability, water storage under water stress, regular conditions found in the municipality, and an extreme water deficit event. The evaluated conditions showed variations in agroclimatic suitability during the periods January to April and August to November. During an extreme water-deficit event between August and November, the suitable area for the establishment of production systems with plant species (type C3 and C4) was smaller (77,000 ha) than in the period January to April (130,000 ha). The agroclimatic suitability categories in Uribia did not exhibit differences between the evaluated periods under average water-deficit conditions.

scholarly journals The Effects of Diet Formulation on the Yield, Proximate Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) Prepupae Intended for Animal Feed

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danieli ◽  
Lussiana ◽  
Gasco ◽  
Amici ◽  
Ronchi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Diet Formulation

The black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens L.) is a very promising insect species due to the ability to convert low-value substrates in highly nutrient feed. This work aimed to study the effect of three nominally isoenergetic diets containing plant ingredients such as barley, alfalfa, and wheat byproducts, formulated to be higher in nonfiber carbohydrates (TMD1), fibers (TMD2), and protein (TMD3) in comparison to an extensively genetic modified cereal (cornmeal)-based diet (C), on the growth, yield, and nutritive traits of BSF prepupae (BSFPs). Three growing trials with four biological replicates were carried out. Proximate and fatty acid analyses were performed on the diets and BSFPs. Feed conversion ratios (FCR), dry matter and nutrient yields, and apparent concentration factors (aBCF) for fatty acids (FAs) were calculated. Diet formulation had a substantial effect on the survival, development rate, and larval yield, but the FCR was unaffected. The BSFPs fed TMD3 did not result in a higher crude protein content in comparison to the C or TMD2 diets. Despite the leveled fat content of the diets, BSFPs reared on TMD1 were highest in fat, saturated FA, and fat yield. An apparent bioconcentration factor (aBCF) value lower than unity that was found for the unsaturated FA suggests that the BSFPs inefficiently absorb them from the diet or possibly turn them into saturated FA. However, the unsaturated FA accumulation in BSFPs depended on the levels that were found in the diet, which suggested some possibilities for the FA profile modulation. Overall, the TMD2 performed well despite the low-value of its main ingredients and high fiber content and can be considered to be a feasible option for the mass rearing of BSFPs that are intended for animal feed.

scholarly journals Utilização de Aditivos para Bovinos de Corte em Confinamento

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 536-543
Author(s):  
Claudio Henrique Roberto Viana ◽  
Jean Kaique Valentim ◽  
Guilherme Almeida de Resende ◽  
Vivian Aparecida Rios de Castilho ◽  
Jessica De Carvalho Pantoja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminant Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Diet Manipulation ◽  
Almost All

Diante de grandes avanços em técnicas de nutrição, manejo, sanidade e melhoramento animal, o Brasil se consolidou líder em exportações de carnes. Assim, pesquisadores, técnicos e produtores têm procurado trabalhar em prol de melhorar a eficiência da fermentação ruminal, para aumentar a produção de propionato, e diminuir a metanogênese, a proteólise e a desaminação das proteínas do alimento no rúmen. Estas mudanças levam, positivamente, a melhoria na eficiência produtiva dos ruminantes. Essa eficiência pode ser alcançada através de melhorias nos índices zootécnicos, utilização e avaliação de raças mais produtivas aos diversos sistemas de produção utilizados no Brasil e, ainda, técnicas como a utilização de aditivos que são usados para melhorar a eficiência dos alimentos, estimulando o crescimento, e engorda dos animais dispostos, ou apenas para beneficiar, de alguma forma, a saúde e o metabolismo dos animais. Tentativas para alcançar a melhor eficiência são realizadas com técnicas de manipulação da dieta, assim, durante as últimas décadas, certo número de aditivos alimentares tem sido descoberto, e quando usados na alimentação dos ruminantes esses podem satisfazer alguns ou quase todos os objetivos em pesquisas. Sendo assim, a elaboração deste estudo se mostra necessária, buscando elucidar todos estes fatores preponderantes para a melhoria dos processos produtivos na nutrição de ruminantes.   Palavras-chave: Nutrição de Ruminantes. Monoenzimas. Ionóforos.   Abstract Considering major advances in nutrition, management techniques, and improving animal health, Brazil is a consolidated leader in meat exports. Thus, researchers, technicians and producers have sought to work towards improving the efficiency of ruminal fermentation, to increase the production of propionate, and decrease methanogenesis, proteolysis and the proteins deamination in food. This efficiency can be achieved through improvements in zootechnical indices, utilization and evaluation of more productive breeds to the various production systems used in Brazil, as well as techniques such as the use of additives that are used to improve food efficiency, stimulating growth, and fattening animals, or just to somehow benefit the animals’ health and metabolism. These changes lead, positively, to the improvement in ruminants’ production efficiency. Attempts to achieve the best efficiency are made with diet manipulation techniques, during the last decades a number of food additives have  been discovered, and when used in the ruminants’ feeding can satisfy some or almost all the research objectives. Thus, this study is necessary, seeking to elucidate all these factors for the improvement of the production processes in ruminant nutrition.   Keywords: Nutrition of Ruminants. Monoenzymes. Ionophores.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document