Bayesian estimates of genetic relationship between calving difficulty and productive and reproductive performance in Holstein cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Salimi ◽  
Abdol Ahad Shadparvar
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Posterior Mean ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Direct Genetic Effect ◽  
Calving Difficulty

The objective of present study was to estimate genetic correlations between calving difficulty and productive and reproductive traits in Iranian Holsteins. Calving records from the Animal Breeding Center of Iran, collected from 1991 to 2011 and comprising 183 203 first-calving events of Holstein cows from 1470 herds were included in the dataset. Threshold animal models included direct genetic effect (Model 1) or direct and maternal genetic effects with covariance between them (Model 2) were fitted for the genetic analysis of calving difficulty. Also, linear animal models including direct genetic effect were fitted for the genetic analysis of productive and reproductive performance traits. A set of linear-threshold bivariate models was used for obtaining genetic correlation between calving difficulty and other traits. All analyses were implemented by Bayesian approach via Gibbs sampling methodology. A single Gibbs sampling chain with 300 000 rounds was generated by the TM program. Posterior mean estimates of direct heritabilities for calving difficulty were 0.056 and 0.066, obtained from different models. Also, posterior mean estimate of maternal heritability for this trait was 0.018. Estimate of correlation between direct and maternal genetic effects for calving difficulty was negative (–0.44). Posterior mean estimates of direct heritabilities for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, days from calving to first service, days open and first calving interval were 0.257, 0.188, 0.235, 0.034, 0.042 and 0.050 respectively. The posterior means of direct genetic correlation between calving difficulty and milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, days from calving to first service, days open and first calving interval were low and equal to –0.135, 0.030, –0.067, –0.010, –0.075 and –0.074 respectively. The results of the current study indicated that exploitable genetic variation in calving difficulty, productive and reproductive traits could be applied in designing future genetic selection plans for Iranian Holsteins.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performance and Culling Rate of Purebred Holstein Cows and Their Crosses With Fleckvieh and Brown Swiss Cows Under Subtropical Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. F. Nasr ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein ◽  
Adel Q. Alkhedaide ◽  
Mahmoud S. El-Tarabany ◽  
ELshimaa M. Roushdy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Embryonic Loss ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Similar Incidence

This study aimed to elucidate the reproductive performance of purebred Holstein (HO) cows with their crosses with Fleckvieh (FV) and Brown Swiss (BS) cows under subtropical conditions. A total of 677 cows [487 HO, 104 HO × FV (HFV); 50% FV and 50% HO and 86 HO × BS (HB); 50% BS and 50% HO] were enrolled in this study. Pure HO cows had significantly greater service per conception (S/C; 3.69), days open (147.9 days), and calving interval (449.6 days), than the HFV (2.89, 116.7, and 407.4 days, respectively) and HB (3.07, 134.3, and 434.2 days, respectively) crossbred cows. At day 28, the conception percentage was significantly greater among HFV crossbred cows vs. pure HO cows [crude odds ratios (COR) = 2.16], but embryonic loss, abortion percentage, calving difficulty, and retained placenta percentage were similar (p > 0.05) among pure HO cows and their crosses. HFV crossbreds had significantly lower incidence of endometritis (COR = 0.70, p = 0.035), mastitis (COR = 0.69, p = 0.015), and ketosis (COR = 0.53, p = 0.004) vs. other cows. HB and pure HO cows had a similar incidence of mastitis, lameness, and ketosis (COR = 0.76, 0.75, and 0.81; p = 0.223, 0.468, and 0.492, respectively). HFV crossbred cows had a lower risk of culling rate than HB crossbred cows. In summary, HFV cows demonstrated the best reproductive performance in terms of S/C, days open, calving interval, conception at 28 days, mastitis percentage, ketosis percentage, and endometritis.

Genetic parameters for calving difficulty using complex genetic models in five beef breeds in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Jeyaruban ◽  
D. J. Johnston ◽  
B. Tier ◽  
H.-U. Graser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Direct Genetic Effect ◽  
Calving Difficulty

Data on Angus (ANG), Charolais (CHA), Hereford (HER), Limousin (LIM) and Simmental (SIM) cattle were used to estimate genetic parameters for calving difficulty (CD), birthweight (BWT) and gestation length (GL) using threshold-linear models and to examine the effect of inclusion of random effect of sire × herd interaction (SxH) in the models. For models without SxH, estimated heritabilities for direct genetic effect of CD were 0.24 (±0.02), 0.22 (±0.04), 0.31 (±0.02), 0.22 (±0.04) and 0.17 (±0.01) for ANG, CHA, HER, LIM and SIM, respectively, whereas maternal heritabilities ranged from 0.13 to 0.20. Estimated heritabilities for direct genetic effect of BWT were 0.38 (±0.01), 0.37 (±0.03), 0.46 (±0.01), 0.35 (±0.02) and 0.36 (±0.01) for ANG, CHR, HER, LIM and SIM, respectively, whereas maternal heritabilities ranged from 0.08 to 0.11. Estimated heritabilities for direct genetic effect of GL were 0.59 (±0.02), 0.42 (±0.04), 0.50 (±0.03), 0.45 (±0.04) and 0.42 (±0.03) for ANG, CHR, HER, LIM and SIM, respectively, whereas maternal heritabilities ranged from 0.03 to 0.09. Genetic correlations between direct genetic effects of CD with BWT were highly positive and with GL were moderately positive for all five breeds. Estimated genetic correlations between direct genetic effects and maternal genetic effects (rdm) ranged across the five breeds from –0.40 (±0.05) to –0.16 (±0.02), –0.41 (±0.03) to –0.27 (±0.08) and –0.47 (±0.10) to –0.06 (±0.12) for BWT, GL and CD, respectively. Fitting SxH interaction as additional random effect significantly increased the log-likelihood for analyses of BWT, GL and CD of all breeds, except for GL of CHA. The estimated heritabilities were less than or equal to the estimates obtained with models omitting SxH. The rdm increased (i.e. became less negative) for BWT, GL and CD of all five breeds. However, the increase for GL was not substantially high in comparison to the increase observed for BWT and CD. Genetic parameters obtained for BWT, GL and CD, by fitting SxH as an additional random effect, are more appropriate to use in the genetic evaluation of calving ease in BREEDPLAN.

Effect of postweaning implantation of zeranol and dietary energy level on growth and reproductive performance of replacement beef heifers

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Makarechian ◽  
P. F. Arthur ◽  
M. A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Effect On Growth

Eighty-one heifer calves weaned at an average age of 6 mo were used to study the effect of postweaning zeranol implantation, on the growth and reproductive performance of heifers fed to grow slowly on three dietary energy levels. Forty heifers were implanted with 36 mg of zeranol at 30 d and again at 120 d postweaning. The remaining heifers were used as ummplanted controls. Within the implanted and control groups, heifers were subdivided into three groups and fed either a low, medium or high energy diet, which provided approximately 105, 130 and 160%, respectively, of NRC maintenance energy requirement, until 1 yr of age. The heifers were then turned out to pasture with hay supplementation. Heifers were exposed to bulls for 35 d at approximately 14 mo of age. Zeranol had no significant effect on growth. The effect of zeranol on the reproductive traits studied was not significant, although the trend was that the zeranol implanted heifers had lower calf crop born (52.3 vs. 63.6%) and lower incidence of calving difficulty (18.5 vs. 32.1%) than control heifers. The level of energy in the diet had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on growth of the heifers, with those on the high energy diet having the highest mean growth rate, but no significant effect on reproductive performance. Key words: Zeranol, dietary energy, growth, reproduction, heifers

scholarly journals Kinerja Reproduksi Induk Sapi Potong pada Usaha Peternakan Rakyat di Kecamatan Mojogedang

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Joko Riyanto ◽  
Lutojo Lutojo ◽  
D. M. Barcelona
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Central Java Province

<p>This study aims to determine of the reproductive performance of beef cows consists are Simpo<br />cow, Limpo cow and PO cow reared on the livestock. The research was conducted by survey on beef<br />cattle 60 head in the District Mojogedang, Central Java Province from December 2014 through<br />February 2015. The research parameter is post partum estrus (PPE), post partum mating (PPM),<br />service per conception ( S / C), days open (DO). Results of the study were analyzed descriptively.<br />Reproductive performance of Simpo cow, Limpo cow and PO cow are consecutive PPE: 3:56 ± 0.73<br />months, 3.93 ± 0:40 months, and 6.75 ± 4.68 months, PPM: 3.85 ± 0.70 months, 3.79 ± 0:51 months,<br />and 4:42 ± 1.23 months, S / C: 1.45 ± 0:20 times, 1.74 ± 0:07 time, and 1:38 ± 0:38 times, DO: 5:33 ±<br />0:58 months, 8:44 ± 4.65 months, and 9:27 ± 5.93 months, CI: 14:33 ± 0:58 months, 14:44 ± 0.66<br />months, and 14:44 ± 0.66 months. The conclusion shows that the reproductive performance of the<br />Simpo cow, Limpo cow and PO cow in District Mojogedang appears that the value of post-partum<br />estrus (PPE) and post partum mating (PPM) is panjang.Service per conception (S / C) is high. Days<br />open (DO) and calving interval (CI) are both still long.</p>

Estimates of genetic parameters and genetic trends for production and reproduction traits in Iranian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Gibbs Sampling ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Estimate Variance ◽  
Direct Genetic Effect ◽  
Genetic Trends

Calving and milk production records from April 1992 to March 2012 comprising 5353 records of age at first calving (AFC), 2972 records of 305-days milk yield (MY) and 2349 records of interval between first and second calving (CI) from the first lactation buffaloes within 785 herds of Iran were analysed using a linear animal model to estimate variance components and heritability for these traits. A linear animal model including direct genetic effect was implemented by Gibbs sampling methodology. A single Gibbs sampling chain with 300 000 rounds was generated by the TM program. Genetic trends were obtained by regressing yearly mean estimates of breeding values on birth year. Posterior mean estimates of direct heritabilities for MY, AFC and CI were 0.46 ± 0.21, 0.20 ± 0.06 and 0.21 ± 0.14, respectively. The posterior means of direct genetic correlation between MY-AFC, MY-CI and AFC-CI were –0.31, 0.01 and –0.17, respectively. Estimates of direct genetic trends for MY, AFC and CI were negative and significant, and their corresponding values were –1.50 ± 0.05 (P < 0.0001), –0.04 ± 0.001 (P < 0.0001) and –0.02 ± 0.005 (P < 0.001), respectively. Medium to high direct heritability estimates for productive and reproductive traits would be due to higher additive genetic variances for these traits and implied that applicable genetic variations observed for productive and reproductive traits could be applied in designing future genetic selection plans for Iranian buffaloes.

scholarly journals Comparison of body weight and reproduction performance in cows of various beef breeds managed under equal conditions in West Pomerania

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pilarczyk ◽  
J. Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Calving Intervals

Abstract. The aim of the study was to compare the body weight and the parameters of reproductive performance in beef cows of various breeds following their import to Poland from 1995–1997. The analyses included cows of five beef breeds: Red Angus, Salers, Hereford, Limousin and Simmental. We have compared the body weights and calving intervals during the period from their arrival to Poland in 1995 until 2002, with subsequent calvings included in the analyses. Other aspects included calving difficulty, abortions, stillbirths and twin births. The analysis of the cows’ reproductive performance has revealed that the studied breeds differ in the calving interval. Best results were achieved by Simmental and Limousine cows, while Red Angus cows exhibited the poorest performance. The effect of subsequent calving on the calving interval was also confirmed. We have observed no differences among the mature cows with respect to the body weight and calving ease.

scholarly journals Genetic relationship of lactation persistency with milk yield, somatic cell score, reproductive traits, and longevity in Slovak Holstein cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Strapáková ◽  
Juraj Candrák ◽  
Peter Strapák
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selected Traits ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The objective of this study was to estimate the breeding values (BVs) of lactation persistency, the test day of milk yield, the somatic cell score, reproductive traits (calving interval, days open), longevity in Slovak Holstein dairy cattle. BVs were used for the detection of relationships among the persistency of lactation and other selected traits. Data for the estimation of BVs of milk production and somatic cell score were collected from 855 240 cows. BVs for reproductive traits were estimated for 352 712 cows and for longevity for 528 362 cows. The highest correlations were confirmed between the BV of persistency and the BV of test day milk yield at 100, 200, and 305 days (−0.88, −0.65, and −0.61). Correlations between the BV of lactation persistency and the BV of somatic cell score at day 305 or the BV of somatic cell score persistency were favorable: −0.05 and −0.12, respectively. The relationship between the BV of persistency and the BV of the calving interval or the BV of days open was 0.11 and 0.10 respectively. The selection for the persistency of lactation may not improve longevity because there is no relation between the BV of persistency and the BV of longevity (rg = 0.06).

scholarly journals Performa Reproduksi Sapi Perah Fries Holland Pada Laktasi 1 Di PT. Ultra Peternakan Bandung Selatan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Raden Febrianto Christi ◽  
Didin S Tasripin ◽  
Arin Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Reproduction Management ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

Reproduction management is one of the important things in a dairy farming business because good reproductive management, along with high reproductive capacity, will increase the efficiency and productivity of livestock. This study aims to determine the reproductive performance of FH dairy cows at first lactation on first mating post partus, service per conception, days open, calving interval, coception rate, calving rate and fertility status. The results of the research showed reproductive performance with parameters first mating post partus 59.5 days, service per conception 4.5 times, days open 145,5 days. The conclusion of this research is reproductive performance is not optimal.

scholarly journals Growth and reproductive traits of friesian X sanga crossbred cattle in the Accra plains of Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (57) ◽  
pp. 7357-7371
Author(s):  
FY Obese ◽  
◽  
DA Acheampong ◽  
KA Darfour-Oduro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition ◽  
Accra Plains

The typical cattle production system in Ghana is predominantly pasture-based. Cattle are grazed all year round on natural pastures with minimal feed supplementation. The animals kept in this production system often experience inadequate nutrition and fluctuating nutrient supply affecting their productivity. There is presently limited information on the growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle (Plate 1) and factors influencing these performance traits. The growth and reproductive performance records of 150 Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle, kept at the Animal Research Institute station in the Accra Plains of Ghana from April 1993 to October 2009 were evaluated to determine the effect of parity of cow, season of calving and sex of calf on birth weight, weaning weight, growth rate, age at first calving and calving interval. The birth weight and weaning weights of the calves averaged 21.8 ± 0.5 kg and 94.2 ± 3.8 kg, respectively, and were not (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. Parity of cow affected (P < 0.05) weight of calf at 12 months. Calf weight at 12 and 18 months averaged 128.0 ± 3.4 kg and 159.9 ± 4.5 kg, respectively. Pre-weaning and post-weaning average daily gains were 0.33 ± 0.02 kg/day and 0.23 ± 0.03 kg/day, respectively, and were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. The mean age at first calving was 41.2 ± 1.2 months. Calving interval was prolonged averaging 441.6 ± 10.3 days and was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by parity of cow. Calving interval decreased with increasing parity of cow. The age at first calving and calving interval were not (P > 0.05) affected by either sex of calf or season of calving. The growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle was less than optimum. Improving their nutrition could impact, positively, on their productivity through fast growth, increased milk yield and early resumption of ovarian cycles after calving. Thus, results from this study should guide the development of appropriate strategies for increased meat and milk production in Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performances of PE Doe in Simalungun District

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syawal ◽  
Solehudin Solehudin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Case Study Data

The success breeding business of PE goat is closely related to reproductive performance and mortality rates between maternal and calve so that a case study is needed on the reproductive performance of PE Doe. The study was conducted in Taruna Sejahtera Group in Simalungun District, North Sumatera. Twenty nine of PE Does was used. Method was case study. Data was taken from recording list and interview then anlyzed descriptively. The results showed that reproduction characteristics of PE Doe: puberty age 10 month, first mating age 14 month, litter sizes 2 heads, weaning age 2 month, days open 90 days (3 month), post partum mating 4-7 month, calving interval 10 month, milk production averaged 1,2 liter/head/day and parity 4-5 times/head.

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