Nutritional background, sire type and dam type affect saturated and monounsaturated (oleic) fatty acid concentration of lambs reared for meat production in Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric N. Ponnampalam ◽  
Khageswor Giri ◽  
David W. Pethick ◽  
David L. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Oleic Acid Concentration ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Diet Type

This study investigated the effect of finishing diet, sire type and dam type on major saturated (C12:0, 14:0, 16 : 0 and 18:0) and monounsaturated (oleic; C18:1cis) fatty acid concentrations in meat from lambs grown at eight production locations across Australia. Sires were selected from Merino, maternal and terminal meat breeds; while the dams consisted of ~80% pure Merino and 20% crossbred (Border Leicester × Merino) types. Lambs were generally maintained under extensive pasture conditions, but were fed grain, hay or feedlot pellets when the pasture supply was limited. Lambs were slaughtered over 3 consecutive years (2008–10), with 28–30 slaughter days per year. At 24 h post-mortem, 20-g muscle samples (longissimus lumborum: LL) were taken for fatty acid determination. Lambs from Hamilton, Katanning and Kirby had a higher (P < 0.001) concentration of major saturated (palmitic and stearic) and oleic acids in meat that is proposed to be associated with those lambs being fed diets higher in cereal grain content. Saturated fatty acids, except lauric acid, were lower (P < 0.02) in lambs sired by Merino or terminal type than lambs sired by maternal type. The use of Merino as the sire or dam reduced (P < 0.001) the major saturated fatty acids in LL. Crossbred dam type increased (P < 0.01) the oleic acid concentration in the LL, but sire type had no effect. The results demonstrate that the finishing diet type or sire type or dam type can significantly influence the concentration of major saturated (palmitic, stearic) and/or oleic acids in meat from lambs produced under different production systems in Australia.

Grass finishing and the residual effect of pasture prior to concentrate finishingon the shelf stability of late-maturing bull beef

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (14) ◽  
pp. 1745
Author(s):  
S. Siphambili ◽  
F. J. Monahan ◽  
E. G. O'Riordan ◽  
M. McGee ◽  
A. P. Moloney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Lipid And Protein Oxidation ◽  
Ad Libitum

Context The finishing of late-maturing bulls on grass is economically more favourable than finishing on cereal concentrates but it may have a negative effect on oxidative stability. Aim To determine the effect of varying levels of pasture feeding during the finishing period on the oxidative stability of bull beef. Methods Groups of eight late-maturing breed sired bulls were assigned to one of the following production systems: (1) pasture only for 200 days (P), (2) pasture only for 100 days followed by pasture plus 50% of the dietary dry matter (DM) intake as concentrate for 100 days (P-C50), (3) pasture plus 50% of the DM intake as concentrate for 200 days (C50), (4) pasture only for 100 days followed by ad libitum concentrates for 100 days (P-C), (5) pasture plus 50% of the DM intake as concentrate for 100 days followed by ad libitum concentrates for 100 days (C50-C) and (6) ad libitum concentrates offered indoors for 200 days (C). The M. Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle was excised post-slaughter for proximate, fatty acid and α-tocopherol analysis and for measurement of lipid and protein oxidation and colour stability. Results The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration and proportion in muscle were higher (P &lt; 0.001) in C50 bulls compared with P, P-C50 and P-C bulls. The concentration of highly peroxidisable PUFA was at least 1.3-fold higher (P &lt; 0.001) in the muscle of C50 bulls than of C and P-C bulls whereas the proportion was at least 1.5-fold higher (P &lt; 0.001) in muscle of P, P-C50 and C50 bulls compared with C and P-C bulls. There was a higher (P &lt; 0.001) concentration of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in muscle of bulls fed on concentrate in the last 100 days (P-C, C50-C and C) compared with those fed on grass (fully or partially) in the last 100 days (P, P-C50 and C50). α-Tocopherol concentration was at least 1.5-fold higher (P &lt; 0.001) in muscle of P bulls compared with C, C50-C and P-C bulls. Redness, redness stability, lipid and protein oxidation did not differ between treatments (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions The increase in highly peroxidisable PUFA in beef, by increasing pasture in the finishing ration did not increase susceptibility to oxidation, most likely due to a concomitant increase in α-tocopherol. Implications Beef can be produced from late-maturing bulls grazing on pasture for 200 days without impacting negatively on oxidative stability.

scholarly journals Genetic and Nutritional Factors Determining the Production and Quality of Sheep Meat – A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Knapik ◽  
Katarzyna Ropka-Molik ◽  
Marek Pieszka
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Abstract In the last 20 years, the importance of sheep and especially lamb meat as the main product of the sheep industry in European conditions increased noticeably. In the same period, people’s interest in food quality grew. This contributed to a significant intensification of research to improve the meat production and quality traits in sheep. The aim of the research performed mainly focuses on the effects of nutrition, the environmental and genetic factors on the value of fattening, slaughter and meat quality characteristics. Much of the research concentrates on determining the fatty acid profile of intramuscular fat, which is important for sensory traits and dietetic value of lamb. Modulation of healthy qualities of lamb is aimed, inter alia, to modify the fatty acid profile, in particular to maintain the proper ratio of polyunsaturated (PUFA ) to saturated fatty acids (SFA). It is also desirable to increase the content of omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Furthermore, it has been proven that changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism are associated with the change in lipid profile in skeletal muscle. The aim of this review was to summarize the information currently available about the influence of genetic and nutritional factors on meat production and quality traits in different sheep breeds.

scholarly journals Dietary <i>Lippia citriodora</i> extract in rabbit feeding: effects on quality of carcass and meat

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Palazzo ◽  
F. Vizzarri ◽  
M. Nardoia ◽  
S. Ratti ◽  
G. Pastorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Natural Extract ◽  
Lippia Citriodora ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Rabbit Meat

Abstract. Due to consumer demand, in recent years considerable attention has been focused on the use of natural compounds in animal feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary natural extract from Lippia citriodora (commonly named "limoncina"), titrated in verbascoside, on quality, measured as oxidative stability, fatty acid composition, alpha-tocopherol and retinol content and sensory traits of rabbit meat. Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to three age- and body-weight-balanced feeding groups of 15 animals each in which a conventional pelleted diet (CON) was supplemented with 1 or 2 kg t−1 (low natural-extract (LNE) and high natural-extract (HNE) groups, respectively) of Lippia citriodora extract for 55 days. No influence on carcass characteristics and the chemical composition of meat was observed. A trend for a positive effect on alpha-tocopherol tissue content (P = 0.07) and on thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARS) values was observed (P = 0.063) in Longissimus Lumborum muscle from the HNE group. The fatty acid profile of the meat was affected by dietary treatment with a significant decrease (P = 0.001) in saturated fatty acids and an increase (P = 0.01) in polyunsaturated fatty acids in both treated groups compared to the CON group. The supplementation with natural extract at the highest dosage improved the tenderness and juiciness of meat, highlighting a better consistency than CON and LNE groups. In conclusion, this study shows that the natural extract used has the potential to improve rabbit meat in order to produce functional food, without altering the chemical and physical characteristics of meat.

Genotypic and environmental effects on saturated fatty acid concentration of canola grown in Manitoba

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. McCartney ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
J. K. Daun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Main Effects

The low saturated fatty acid concentration of canola oil relative to other vegetable oils has resulted in a favourable market share for canola. Understanding the effects of genotype and environment on saturated fatty acid concentration will facilitate Brassica napus breeding efforts aimed at maintaining or reducing saturate levels in the seed oil. Canola-quality B. napus samples from the Manitoba Crop Variety Evaluation Team (MCVET) trials in 1999, 2000 and 2001 were tested for fatty acid composition, oil concentration and protein concentration. Weather data were obtained from nearby weather stations. The majority of the variation in total saturates for the cultivars studied was attributed to variation in palmitic acid (C16:0) due to the genotype main effect and variation in stearic acid (C18:0) due to the genotype and environment main effects. The variation due to the genotype × environment interaction was small relative to the main effects for the individual saturated fatty acids. C18:0 and arachidic (C20:0) acid concentrations were correlated between genotypes, suggesting pleiotropy or that these traits are controlled by linked genes in the cultivars tested. The data also suggested that C16:0 and C18:0 acid concentrations are controlled by different genes. C18:0, C20:0 and behenic (C22:0) acid concentrations were correlated across environments, but did not correlate with C16:0 concentration. Relationships between weather variables and fatty acid composition, oil concentration and protein concentration were not established. Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis revealed that some canola cultivars were more stable than others with regard to total saturates over environments. Key words: Genotype, environment, seed quality, saturated fatty acids, canola, Brassica napus

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

scholarly journals Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ma ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5–15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10–60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25–50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. Conclusions These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.

Formation of debranched wheat starch-fatty acid inclusion complexes using saturated fatty acids with different chain length

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110867
Author(s):  
Min Hyeock Lee ◽  
Ha Ram Kim ◽  
Woo Su Lim ◽  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
Hee-Don Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Starch

scholarly journals Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ban-Hock Khor ◽  
◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Ayesha Sualeheen ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  − 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

scholarly journals Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Cristina Bedmar ◽  
Núria Serrat Orus ◽  
Josep Basora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Older Age ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Educational

An optimal fatty acid (FA) profile during pregnancy, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is essential for the health of the mother and child. Our aim was to identify the socioeconomic and maternal lifestyle factors associated with serum FA concentration in pregnant women. A longitudinal study was conducted on 479 pregnant women, who were assessed during the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics, food consumption, and lifestyle were collected. Serum FA concentrations were analysed by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combination. The multiple linear regression showed that high educational level and older age were significantly associated with higher EPA and DHA concentrations and lower values of n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA in T1 and/or T3. Regarding diet—fish and seafood consumption increased EPA concentration and reduced n-6/n-3 and AA/EPA values in both trimesters, whereas its consumption increased DHA concentration only in T1. Smoking was associated with lower DHA concentration in T1 and higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio in both trimester. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio and AA/EPA ratio in T1. A statistically non-significant association was observed with saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). In conclusion, high educational levels, older age, fish, seafood consumption, and/or non-smoking, are factors that influence better omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) profile in both trimesters of pregnancy. Further research is needed to go in-depth into these findings and their health consequences.

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