Comparative growth performance of Kajli lambs suckling their dams or offered buffalo-milk, cow-milk or milk replacer during pre-weaning period

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musharraf Ahmad Anjum ◽  
Shaukat Ali Bhatti ◽  
Muhammad Sarwar ◽  
Ghulam Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Jamil Basra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Group I ◽  
Total Weight Gain

Kajli, is one of the most beautiful sheep breeds of Pakistan. Because of their beauty, Kajli lambs are sold at a higher price than those of other breeds with similar weight. With the increasing trend in commercial livestock farming, young Kajli lambs are purchased from the open market and reared up to Eid-ul-Adha (The Muslim Sacrificial Day). Information on feeding cost and growth performance on artificial rearing is important for the breed lovers and for a commercial enterprise. The present study aimed at generating basic information on feeding cost and growth performance of Kajli lambs offered milk replacer, cow-milk, and buffalo-milk, in comparison with those suckling directly from their dams. Fifty-six healthy Kajli lambs both male and female (with equal sex ratio) born at the Livestock Experimental Station, Khushab, Punjab, Pakistan during spring 2013 remained with their mothers for 1 week and were then divided into four groups of 14 animals each. Lambs in Group I were allowed to suckle their dams ad libitum, twice daily until 8 weeks and then once daily from 9 to 12 weeks. Lambs were weighed before and after suckling to calculate milk consumption. Lambs in the other three treatments were offered buffalo-milk, cow-milk or milk replacer at the rate of 10% of bodyweight until the 8th week and then gradually reduced to zero by the end of the 12th week. All lambs were offered starter ration from the 5th week of age in individual pens. The data on milk and starter intake, weekly bodyweight and blood glucose were analysed through MIXED procedures of SAS using repeated-measures analysis, and average daily gain (ADG), total weight gain, weaning weight and feeding cost were analysed using a completely randomised design. Least square means of ADG (g/day) and total weight gain (kg) were similar (P > 0.05) in direct suckling lambs and lambs offered buffalo-milk (175 and 151, and 14.5 and 12.5, respectively), and were higher (P < 0.05) than those offered cow-milk (118 and 10.4) or milk replacer (94 and 7.7). Feeding cost (per kg of liveweight) was highest (PKR 535) in lambs fed milk replacer and was lower (P > 0.05) in the other three groups. The cost of rearing lambs on buffalo-milk tended to be lower (PKR 375) than those offered cow-milk. In the absence of ewe’s milk, rearing Kajli lambs on buffalo-milk during the pre-weaning period therefore seems to be a better alternative.

scholarly journals Effect of quantum blue® supplementation of sugarcane peel meal-based diets on growth rate and nutrient digestibility by weaner rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
F. T. Ushie ◽  
S. E. Alu ◽  
R. A. Oluwafemi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme ◽  
Total Weight Gain

Sugarcane peels (SCP) is available in large quantities all year round especially in sugar industries where they are discarded as waste product. It contains high amount of carbohydrate and minerals which could be fed to animals especially when properly processed and supplemented with exogenous enzyme to aid the animal digest it. Fifty - four weaned 4-5 weeks old crosses of New Zealand white x Chinchilla male rabbits were utilized to evaluate the effect of feeding sugarcane peel meal-based diets supplemented with quantum blue® on the growth performance parameters (initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, FCR and feed cost per weight gain) and nutrient digestibility by weaner rabbits. Six diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous (18% crude protein) and isocaloric (2700kcal/kg, ME) with two levels of inclusion of sugarcane peel meal (SCPM) (low and high) and three levels of enzyme supplementation (0, 150 and 250 PPM) giving a 2x3 factorial arrangement fitted into Completely Randomized Design. The rabbits were weighed and allotted to the treatments at the rate of 3 rabbits per replicate and each treatment was replicated 3 times. Feeds were weighed and served to the animals individually and water was provided ad-libitum. Growth parameters and nutrient digestibility data were generated and evaluated. The results of the effect of enzyme on growth performance of weaner rabbits showed that average total weight gain significantly (P<0.05) improved as rabbits fed the 200PPM enzyme supplemented diets had the best value of 511.67g/rabbit. However, rabbits fed the 100PPM performed (410.83g/rabbit) the same as those fed the 200PPM. Similarly, rabbits fed the 200PPM enzyme supplemented diets gained more (P<0.05) daily weight of 10.40 g/rabbit/day followed by those fed the 100PPM (8.32 g/rabbit/day). The result of the effect of high SCPM showed that feed intake significantly (P<0.05) increased from 47.37 g/rabbit/day to 59.82 g/rabbit/day as the level of SCPM increased in the diets; rabbits fed the high SCPM had higher total weight gain of 484.44 g/rabbit as compared to those of low SCPM (362.78 g/rabbit). The interactive effects of SCPM and enzyme on growth performance of weaner rabbits showed that final live weight, feed intake and total weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) improved as the levels of SCPM and enzyme increased in the diets. In view of the findings, rabbit farmers can supplement 32% of SCPM in the diets of  weaner rabbit with 200PPM of quantum blue® without negatively affecting the growth rate and suppressing the digestibility of nutrients by weaner rabbits.

Factorial and discriminant analysis on non-carcass components of Berganês lambs from different sexual classes and crossbreeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
José Renaldo Vilar da Silva Filho ◽  
João Bandeira de Moura Neto ◽  
Lays Thayse Alves dos Santos ◽  
Clebson Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Rafael Torres de Souza Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistics ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
By Products

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the non-carcass components (NCC) of Berganês ecotype lambs of different sexual classes and genotypes using univariate and multivariate statistics, carrying out two experimental trials. In order to evaluate the effects of the sexual class, non-castrated males (BNC), castrated males (BC) and females (BF) of Berganês ecotype lambs were used, with mean initial body weight of 27 ± 3.1 kg. To evaluate crossbreeding, non-castrated male lambs of the genotypes Berganês (BG), Berganês × Santa Inês (BSI) and Berganês × Dorper (BD) were used, as well as the control Dorper × Santa Inês (DSI), all with mean initial body weight of 28 ± 3.8 kg. The weight and yield of the total by-products was higher for BNC. Regarding the genotype, BSI showed higher weight and yield of internal fat, but the weight and yield of the total by-products was higher for BG and BD. In factorial analysis (FA), the NCC, more correlated with empty body weight (EBW) and total weight gain (TWG), showed higher eigenvectors for factor 1. For factor 2, the weights and yields of internal fat and total viscera obtained higher eigenvectors. The discriminant analysis (DA) classified 100% of individuals in their respective sexes and genotypes. Therefore, the FA indicated that, among the NCC evaluated, the weights of liver, kidneys, GIT, skin and feets are determinant for obtaining EBW and TWG. The classification achieved by the DA indicates that the sexual classes and genotypes are heterogeneous.

scholarly journals Effect of breed on growth performance and carcass composition of Aberdeen Angus, Charolais,Herefordand Simmental bulls

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoň ◽  
D. Řehák ◽  
V. Teslík ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
R. Zahrádková
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Breed effects on live weight gain, slaughter characteristics and carcass composition were compared in Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, Hereford and Simmental bulls. The experiment extended over 2 years and involved totally 96 animals. The target slaughter live weights were determined 550 kg for earlier maturing breeds Aberdeen Angus and Hereford and 630 kg for later maturing breeds Charolais and Simmental. Charolais and Simmental gained more rapidly (P &lt; 0.05) than Aberdeen Angus while Hereford were intermediate. Hereford had lower (P &lt; 0.05) dressing percentage than the other breeds. Percentages of grade I meat were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in Charolais and Simmental. The highest percentage of separable fat was recorded in Hereford (P &lt; 0.05). Charolais and Simmental had lower (P &lt; 0.05) thickness of subcutaneous fat over MLLT than Aberdeen Angus andHereford. The later maturing bulls generally tended to achieve higher live weight gains during the experiment, produced less fat and had higher percentage of meat from high priced joints in comparison with earlier maturing animals. &nbsp;

Weight suppression predicts total weight gain and rate of weight gain in outpatients with anorexia nervosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 912-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances A. Carter ◽  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
Jennifer Jordan ◽  
Virginia V.W. McIntosh ◽  
Cynthia M. Bulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Suppression

scholarly journals Growth indices, haematological parameters, carcass attributes and economics of production of rabbits fed graded levels of kolanut testa

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
K. B. Balogun ◽  
O. A. Sokunbi ◽  
M. A. Ayoola
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cost Differential ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
The Cost

The cost of feed is the main cause of high cost of production of rabbits. Kolanut testa, a protective covering of the kolanut seed (Cola nitida) is readily available as by-product in areas where kolanut is produced. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the growth performance, carcass attributes, haematological parameters and economics of production of rabbits fed diets with varying inclusions levels of kolanut testa (KOT) as replacement for maize. Thirty mixed breed rabbits of mixed sexes were used for this experiment. The rabbits were randomly allotted into 5 treatment groups. Five experimental diets were formulated such that KOT replaced maize at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%. Records of feed intake and weight gain were properly taken and blood samples were collected and analysed for their haematological parameters at the end of the experiment. Cost analysis using dedicated formulae was done to determine economics of production. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance. No significant (P>0.05) difference was recorded in all the parameters measured to determine growth performance. The same applies to parameters measured for carcass attributes except for weight of limbs. Significant (P<0.05) difference was however recorded among mean values of PCV (28.67-36.33%), 6 3 3 3RBC (3.14-4.12x10/mm), WBC (3.10-5.87x10/mm) and Mon (1.40-1.67%) of the experimental animals. Cost of feed decreased with increase in KOT inclusion (N139.8N112.54). Cost of feed (N/kg) weight gain (N1023.61-N583.04); cost of weight gain (N573.22-N483.92); and total cost (N2143.61-N1523.92) all followed similar pattern. Cost differential (205.93–440.04) and relative cost benefit (20.11–43.04%) increased with increase in the level of replacement of KOT. Conclusively, growth performance was not negatively affected and total weight gain was numerically highest at 40% (916.67g) with no deleterious effect on the health of the rabbits. Also, the highest relative cost benefit was recorded at 40% (28.54%). These prove that KOT is a viable substitute for maize in rabbit diet and it is more economical at 40% replacement level.

scholarly journals Growth performance of Savanna brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets under intensive managed system

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
A. Ogbiko ◽  
D. N. Tsado ◽  
O. J. Alabi ◽  
T. Z. Adama
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Measurement Height ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and correlation matrix ofSavanna Brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets managed intensively. A total of thirty(30) goats weighting between 5.2 and 5.3 kg were arranged in a completely randomizeddesign. The animals were divided into five dietary Treatments (T) groups with threereplications. Treatment one (1) comprises of animals fed 0 % enzyme treated sawdust whileTreatment 2 (T2), Treatment 3 (T3), Treatment 4 (T4) and Treatment 5 (T5) comprises ofanimals fed 10, 20, 30 and 40 % enzyme treated sawdust diets, respectively. Data on growthperformance parameters, body linear measurement (height at wither, body length, chestgirth, hind leg length, fore leg length, facial length) were measured. Growth performancedata were analyzed using one way analysis of variance. The results of growth performancereveled that animals fed 20 % and 40 % had significantly highest value, these trend wasobserved in total weight gain (T3 = 4900g and T5 = 4833g), average weight gain (T3 = 50gand T5 = 49.32g), total fed intake (T3 = 2956.20 and T5 = 2709.30g) and average feed intake(T3 = 211.16g and T5 = 193.52g). However, in feed conversion ration no significantdifference was observed across all the treatment groups as the value range between 3.87 inanimals fed 40 % to 7.12 in those fed 10 % enzyme treated sawdust diet. A positive andsignificant correlation was observed between body weight and chest girth with highestcorrelations in animals fed 20 % enzyme treated sawdust (0.97). It was therefore concludedthat enzyme treated sawdust can be used in the diets of Savanna Brown goats up to 40 %replacement for maize offal for optimum performance

scholarly journals Effect of Adding a Different Level of Bentonite on Arabi Lamb Performance and Nutrients Digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Abass N. Khalaf ◽  
Hanaa A. Al-Galbi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Digestion Rate ◽  
Basic Diet ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

This study was conducted in one of the private fields in Maysan province to study the effect of adding a different level of bentonite to the lamb diets on the performance of lambs. The study included (18) male Arabi lambs weighted 24.5±1.22 kg and lasted 120 days. Lambs were taken after weaning at the age of 3 to 4 months. They were randomly divided into six groups. The diet was provided on the basis of 3% of live body weight. The diets of the trial included (A) a basic diet of 50% concentrated fodder + 50 alfalfa without any addition. (B) A plus 2% bentonite/ dry matter. (C) A plus 4% bentonite/ dry matter. Treatment (D) a diet of 100% concentrated feed + hay ad libitum (basic diet 2) and without any addition. (E) D plus 2% bentonite. (F) D plus 4% bentonite. The diet significantly affected the average final weight and total weight gain in favor of lambs fed treatment D (100% concentrated feed) with average final weight and total weight gain 46.57 and 22.11 kg, respectively. The addition of bentonite improved the rates of the rate of total weight gain is 17.71, 20.85 and 19.50 kg without adding and adding bentonite (2%) and bentonite (4%), respectively. The diet significantly affected the digestion rate of DM, OM, CP, EE, and NDF. Their digestion coefficients of 100% concentrate group were (75.98, 80.70, 80.09, 65.31 and 31.67%, respectively). 50% concentrated fodder (70.26, 71.53, 76.22, 45.47 and 27.36%, respectively).

scholarly journals Effects of space allowance and marketing strategy on growth performance of pigs raised to 165 kg

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1252-1262
Author(s):  
Annie B Lerner ◽  
Emily A Rice ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
K Value ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Lower Growth Rate

Abstract A total of 976 pigs (PIC 327 × Camborough; PIC, Hendersonville, TN; initially 22.0 ± 1.53 kg body weight [BW]) were used in a 160-d growth study to evaluate the effects of increasing space allowance and varying marketing strategies on growth performance of pigs raised to market weights of ~165 kg. Pens of pigs were blocked by location within the barn and allotted to one of six treatments. Pen served as the experimental unit, and there were eight replicate pens per treatment. The first four treatments consisted of increased initial stocking density and did not utilize topping strategies: (1) 14 pigs/pen (1.17 m2/pig), (2) 17 pigs/pen (0.97 m2/pig), (3) 20 pigs/pen (0.82 m2/pig), and (4) 23 pigs/pen (0.71 m2/pig). The fifth treatment began with 25 pigs/pen (0.66 m2/pig) and had four marketing events with the heaviest 3 pigs/pen removed on day 93, and additional pigs removed to a common inventory of 20 pigs/pen on day 122 and 17 pigs/pen on day 147 with final marketing on day 160. The final treatment began the experiment with 23 pigs/pen (0.71 m2/pig) with three marketing events to achieve a common inventory of 20 pigs/pen on day 108 and 17 pigs/pen on day 147. Pens of pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured on days 0, 55, 93, 108, 122, 135, 147, and 160. As space allowance decreased from 1.17 to 0.71 m2/pig via increased initial pen inventory (treatments 1 to 4), overall average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased (linear, P &lt; 0.001), while gain:feed ratio (G:F) did not differ (P &gt; 0.05). The treatments with multiple marketing events were compared with each other and with the treatment that began with 0.71 m2/pig and only marketed once at the end of the study. Overall ADG and ADFI were not different (P &gt; 0.05) among these three treatments. Marketing pigs three or four times improved (P &lt; 0.05) G:F compared with the treatment that began the study with 0.71 m2/pig and marketed only once. Reducing floor space allowance for heavy weight pigs decreased intake, which resulted in lower growth rate and final BW, with these reductions occurring before the critical k-value was reached. Total weight gain per pen was maximized with the lowest space allowance and the multiple marketing treatments. Thus, strategic use of pig removals prior to final marketing may allow producers to maximize both number of pigs and total weight marketed through a barn when feeding to heavy weights.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress and Weight Gain in Pregnancy: a Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Florianne O. L. Vehmeijer ◽  
Sangeeta R. Balkaran ◽  
Susana Santos ◽  
Romy Gaillard ◽  
Janine F. Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Excessive Weight Gain ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Psychological distress and inappropriate or excessive weight gain are common in pregnancy and are associated with adverse maternal and offspring outcomes. Psychological well-being and weight status of women during pregnancy might be interrelated. We aimed to examine whether psychological distress during pregnancy is associated with gestational weight gain. Method In a population-based cohort of 3393 pregnant women, information about psychological distress, depressive and anxiety symptoms was assessed at 20 weeks of gestation using the Brief Symptom Inventory questionnaire. Weight was repeatedly measured during pregnancy and obtained by questionnaire before and after pregnancy. Linear regression and multinomial logistic regression models were used. Weight gain in the second half of pregnancy, total weight gain, and the risks of inadequate and excessive total weight gain were the main outcome measures. Results In total, 7.0% of all women experienced psychological distress. Overall psychological distress and anxiety were associated with lower weight gain in the second half of pregnancy (differences − 1.00 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) − 1.62, − 0.37) and − 0.68 kg (95% CI - 1.24, -0.11), respectively). These associations fully attenuated into non-significance after taking account for socio-demographic variables. Similar results were observed for total weight gain. Only women with anxiety symptoms had, independently of potential confounders, a lower risk of excessive weight gain (odds ratio (OR) 0.61 (95% CI 0.48, 0.91)). Conclusions In this large prospective cohort study, the observed associations of psychological distress with weight gain during pregnancy seem to be largely explained by common socio-demographic factors.

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