Microscopic evidence for the uptake of orally given humic acids by the intestinal mucosa in piglets

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
K. Buesing ◽  
J. Harmeyer ◽  
K. D. Markuske ◽  
A. Zeyner
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Body Tissues

In veterinary medicine, humic acids are sometimes used as oral supplements to protect and treat young animals from diarrhoea. With regard to their mode of action, it was generally believed that humic acids are unable to penetrate the intestinal mucosal surface and rather act from the intestinal lumen. In the past, some reports indicated, however, that prophylactic and therapeutic effects of orally administered humic acids might not be confined to the lumen of the digestive tract. The present study used piglets to examine whether orally administered humic acids would be able to cross the intestinal barrier and if so, whether the humic acids would also be transported from the intestine to other regions of the body. The study was carried out with three 64-day-old piglets, two of which were bottle fed daily with 1 g humic acids/kg bodyweight and day for 2 weeks. The third piglet served as an unsupplemented control. At the end of the study, the piglets were slaughtered and 10 tissue specimens were collected from each piglet. Examination by light microscopy of unstained sections revealed the presence of humic acid particles in each tissue sample from both humic acid-treated piglets whereby no such deposits were found in any tissue of the control piglet. This demonstrated that the humic acids had indeed passed the epithelial barrier of the intestinal mucosa and had been transported to other body tissues. In most tissue samples the humic acid particles showed a distinct clustered distribution pattern.

scholarly journals Change of Intestinal Microbiome in Patients with Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
M. M. Mishina ◽  
◽  
O. V. Kotsar ◽  
Pochernina M. H. ◽  
O. V. Kochnieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The purpose of the study was to analyze modern literature on the problems of dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, to study the main mechanisms of systemic interaction between the intestine and lungs, as well as changes in the microbiota that occur under the influence of coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. A comprehensive selection of research methods was used for the work: systematization of the material, the method of generalization, methods of analysis and synthesis. Scientific works in the field of microbiology, epidemiology and infectious diseases were studied. Literature data for the last 2 years (2019-2021) were considered. The results of bacteriological studies from patients with COVID infection were described. The data obtained were processed using information-analytical and statistical-analytical methods. Results and discussion. As a result of this work, a complex of connections between intestine and lungs, which is called the "intestinal-lung axis", was considered. It is known that the interaction between these two biotopes occurs with the participation of microflora and its metabolites. Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is accompanied by bacterial translocation. Bacteria from the intestinal lumen enter the liver through the portal vein system. The lymphatic pathway of bacterial translocation from the intestine to the lungs is also possible, which causes multiple organ failure syndrome in coronavirus infection. The COVID-19 virus is able to reduce the number of ACE2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to an imbalance in the intestines. At the same time, the infection process in the lungs promotes the growth of bacteria of the Enterobacteriacae family in the intestine, which also leads to dysbiotic disorders. The use of probiotics is an effective tool in the complex treatment of this infection, which facilitates the general condition of patients. In the course of treatment, it is important not only to eliminate the virus from the body, but also to restore normal intestinal microbiota after an infection. Conclusion. Thus, the use of probiotic drugs for the treatment of patients with coronavirus infection can significantly reduce the risk of developing dysbiosis and improve the condition of patients. A perspective direction is the development of new treatment regimens for dysbiotic conditions using probiotics, eubiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics to prevent the development of severe complications in COVID infection

Determination of Crotoxyphos in Milk and in the Body Tissues of Cattle and Pigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1047
Author(s):  
D D Oehler ◽  
H V Claborn
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Florisil Column ◽  
Body Tissues

Abstract A new procedure was devised for the extraction, cleanup, and determination of residues of crotoxyphos in milk and in the body tissues of cattle and pigs. The tissue samples were extracted with hexane or hexane-acetone and partitioned into acetonitrile. After cleanup of the extracts and milk on a Florisil column, crotoxyphos was detected with flame photometric gas chromatography. Recoveries ranged from 80 to 98%.

scholarly journals Liver Cirrhosis and Intestinal Bacterial Translocation

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Tao Lan ◽  
Bao-chun Chen ◽  
Li-ping Fu ◽  
Zhi-juan Li ◽  
Xiang-jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Bacterial Products

Abstract Intestinal barrier dysfunction, facilitating translocation of bacteria and bacterial products, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis and its complications. Intestinal defense system including microbial barrier, immunologic barrier, mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal function. Under normal circumstances, the intestinal barrier can prevent intestinal bacteria through the intestinal wall from spreading to the body. Severe infection, trauma, shock, cirrhosis, malnutrition, immune suppression conditions, intestinal bacteria and endotoxin translocation, can lead to multiple organ dysfunction. The intestinal microflora is not only involved in the digestion of nutrients, but also in local immunity, forming a barrier against pathogenic microorganisms. The derangement of the gut microflora may lead to microbial translocation, defined as the passage of viable microorganisms or bacterial products from the intestinal lumen to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other extraintestinal sites. In patients with cirrhosis, primary and intestinal flora imbalance, intestinal bacterial overgrowth, intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction, endotoxemia is associated with weakened immunity.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DASAMOOLA KWATHA AND DASAMOOLARISHTA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR METHOD OF PREPARATION AND USES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3896-3902
Author(s):  
B. S. M. M. Sooriyaarachchi ◽  
Vidya N. V ◽  
D. B. Vaghela
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Innate Capacity

Dasamoola denotes to a polyherbal Ayurvedic preparation containing ten specific roots of medicinal plants which include five tree species called ‘Brihat Panchamula’ and five shrub species called ‘Laghu Pancha-moola’. Dasamoola Kwatha and Dasamoolarishta are popular Dasamoola preparations in liquid form be-cause of their therapeutic effects. Therefore, they have been widely used for various disease conditions in Ayurveda. Dasamoola Kwatha is the decoction of Dasamoola whereas Dasamoola is a content of the Kwa-tha of Dasamoolarishta. Dasamoola Kwatha is varying with the condition for which it is used. This con-ceptual study was conducted by studying Ayurvedic Kwatha preparation, Sandhana Kalpana according to the Ayurvedic textbooks with the objective to compare the important ingredients of Dasamoola Kwatha and Dashamoolarishta. Also, modern scientific knowledge was explored in this study. The results of pre-sent study suggest that Kwatha and Arishta are the most suitable dosage forms of Dasamoola for the treat-ment of various disease conditions. Further findings also support that the traditional uses of different varie-ties of Dasamoola Kwatha have been designed specifically to address the individualized disease condition. When preparing a medicine for an individual patient, the traditional medical practitioners ideally take into account as such things of the patient more importantly affected Dosha, strength of the digestive fire, body tissues affected and the accumulated toxins. This shows that the Ayurvedic and Traditional preparations are often complex in their composition which is responsible for various functions, such as balancing, stim-ulating, cleansing and nourishing which in turn stimulating the innate capacity of the body to heal itself.

scholarly journals When Insult Is Added to Injury: Cross Talk between ILCs and Intestinal Epithelium in IBD

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmé van der Gracht ◽  
Sonja Zahner ◽  
Mitchell Kronenberg
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Critical Feedback

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an impairment of the integrity of the mucosal epithelial barrier, which causes exacerbated inflammation of the intestine. The intestinal barrier is formed by different specialized epithelial cells, which separate the intestinal lumen from the lamina propria. In addition to its crucial role in protecting the body from invading pathogens, the intestinal epithelium contributes to intestinal homeostasis by its biochemical properties and communication to underlying immune cells. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently described population of lymphocytes that have been implicated in both mucosal homeostasis and inflammation. Recent findings indicate a critical feedback loop in which damaged epithelium activates these innate immune cells to restore epithelial barrier function. This review will focus on the signalling pathways between damaged epithelium and ILCs involved in repair of the epithelial barrier and tissue homeostasis and the relationship of these processes with the control of IBD.

Passage of iron out of the intestinal mucosa of the rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. R. Thomson ◽  
L. S. Valberg
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Iron Transfer ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Initial Uptake

To determine the effect of removal of the "lumen-to-mucosa" concentration gradient on the passage of iron (Fe) out of the intestine, duodenal loops of rats with loaded (FeL) or deficient (FeD) iron stores were perfused for 30 min with 5.0 mM solutions containing 59Fe. The test solutions were then removed and in vivo perfusion of the washed mucosa was continued for up to 60 min with saline or unlabelled Fe–saline. Despite the greater initial uptake of Fe by FeD than FeL, continued perfusion with saline was associated with the appearance of similar quantities of 59Fe in the perfusate; in contrast, when perfusion was continued with Fe-saline, the loss of 59Fe into the perfusate was increased and was twice as great in FeD as in FeL. Iron transfer to the carcass was higher in FeD than in FeL, but continued perfusion with saline was associated with the appearance of increased amounts of 59Fe in the carcass of FeL but not FeD; the amount of 59Fe appearing in the carcass was greatly increased in both FeD and FeL by continued perfusion with Fe–saline. Thus, the amount of 59Fe available for entry into the intestinal lumen and carcass after removal of the lumen-to-mucosa concentration gradient is influenced by the size of the body iron stores and by the presence of iron in the fluid remaining in the lumen. Therefore, the amount of iron in the fluid remaining in the intestinal lumen after the administration of the Fe test dose must be carefully defined when estimating the kinetics of the intestinal absorption of iron.

Biomedical applications: Pitfalls in the practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. D. Shelburne ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
Victor L. Roggli ◽  
Ann LeFurgey
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Asbestos Fibers

At present most medical microprobe analysis is conducted on insoluble particulates such as asbestos fibers in lung tissue. Cryotechniques are not necessary for this type of specimen. Insoluble particulates can be processed conventionally. Nevertheless, it is important to emphasize that conventional processing is unacceptable for specimens in which electrolyte distributions in tissues are sought. It is necessary to flash-freeze in order to preserve the integrity of electrolyte distributions at the subcellular and cellular level. Ideally, biopsies should be flash-frozen in the operating room rather than being frozen several minutes later in a histology laboratory. Electrolytes will move during such a long delay. While flammable cryogens such as propane obviously cannot be used in an operating room, liquid nitrogen-cooled slam-freezing devices or guns may be permitted, and are the best way to achieve an artifact-free, accurate tissue sample which truly reflects the in vivo state. Unfortunately, the importance of cryofixation is often not understood. Investigators bring tissue samples fixed in glutaraldehyde to a microprobe laboratory with a request for microprobe analysis for electrolytes.

Efektivitas Aroma Terapi Lemon untuk Menangani Emesis Gravidarum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Vitrianingsih Vitrianingsih ◽  
Sitti Khadijah
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Paired T Test

Studi memperkirakan emesis gravidarum terjadi pada 50-90% kehamilan. Mual muntah pada kehamilan memberikan dampak yang signifikan bagi tubuh dimana ibu menjadi lemah, pucat dan cairan tubuh berkurang sehingga darah menjadi kental (hemokonsentrasi). Keadaan ini dapat memperlambat peredaran darah dan berakibat pada kurangnya suplay oksigen serta makanan ke jaringan sehingga dapat membahayakan kesehatan ibu dan janin. Salah satu terapi yang aman dan dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi keluahan mual muntah pada ibu hamil adalah pemberian aromaterapi lemon. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas aroma terapi lemon untuk menangani emesis gravidarum. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi experiment  dengan  one group pre-post test design. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang mengalami emesis gravidarum di Kecamatan Berbah, Sleman. Jumlah sampel 20 ibu hamil trimester pertama yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran mual muntah dilakukan debelum dan setelah  pemberian aromaterapi lemon menggunakan Indeks Rhodes. Analisa data menggunakan uji Paired t-test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata skor mual muntah sebelum pemberian aromaterapi lemon berdasarkan Indeks Rhodes pada Ibu Hamil dengan emesis gravidarum yaitu 22,1 dan terjadi penurunan skor setelah pemberian aromaterapi lemon menjadi 19,8. Ada pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi lemon dengan pengurangan mual muntah pada ibu hamil (p-value = 0.017). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan pemberian aromaterapi lemon efektif untuk mengurangi emesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil trimester pertama.  Kata kunci: aromaterapi lemon, emesis gravidarum THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON AROMATHERAPY FOR HANDLING EMESIS GRAVIDARUM   ABSTRACT Studies estimate that nausea and vomiting (emesis gravidarum) occur in 50 – 90% of pregnancies. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy have a significant impact on the body in which it makes a mother becomes weak, pale, and decreasing body fluid so that the blood becomes thick (hemoconcentration). This situation can slow down blood circulation and inflict the lack of oxygen and food supplies to the body tissues so that it can endanger the health of the mother and fetus. One of the therapies that is safe and can be conducted to reduce nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is by giving the lemon aromatherapy treatment. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of the aroma of lemon therapy to deal with emesis gravidarum. This study applied quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was pregnant women who experienced emesis gravidarum. Furthermore, samples were 20 mothers from Berbah, Sleman taken by using a purposive sampling technique. Nausea and vomiting were assessed between before and after giving lemon aromatherapy using the Rhodes Index. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test. The mean score of nausea and vomiting before giving lemon aromatherapy on mother with emesis gravidarum based on the Rhodes Index was 22.1. However, it decreased after given lemon aromatherapy treatment to 19.8. Therefore, there was an effect on giving lemon aromatherapy treatment toward the decrease of nausea and vomiting for pregnant women (p-value = 0.017). Lemon aromatherapy is effective to reduce emesis gravidarum.  Keywords: lemon aromatherapy, emesis gravidarum

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Changes in the Humic Acid–Metal Complexation Characteristics Depending on Humification Degree / Humīnskābju – Metālu Kompleksveidošanās Rakstura Izmaiņas Atkarībā No Humifikācijas Pakāpes

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-237
Author(s):  
D. Dudare ◽  
M. Klavins
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Complex Stability ◽  
Peat Layer ◽  
Raised Bog ◽  
Complexing Capacity ◽  
Humification Degree ◽  
Complexation Process ◽  
Complex Stability Constants

The aim of this study is to determine the Cu(II) complexing capacity and stability constants of Cu(II) complexes of humic acids isolated from two well-characterized raised bog peat profiles in respect to the basic properties and humification characteristics of the studied peats and their humic acids. The complex stability constants significantly change within the studied bog profiles and are well correlated with the age and decomposition degree of the peat layer from which the humic acids have been isolated. Among factors that influence this complexation process, molecular mass and ability to form micellar structures (supramolecules) of humic substances are of key importance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document