Preliminary genetic analyses of voluntarily supplied disease data in Australian dairy herds

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Haile-Mariam ◽  
M. E. Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Health Event ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Improvement Scheme ◽  
Environmental Measures

Health disorders data collected from Australian dairy herds were analysed to estimate incidence levels and genetic parameters for some diseases traits and to examine the consequence of selection for Australian profit ranking (the economic index in Australia) and other economic traits on incidence of some diseases. Data on disease problems including udder, leg, reproductive and ‘all disorders’ were extracted from the Australian Dairy Herd Improvement Scheme database for cows that calved in 2007 and 2008 and were analysed fitting a linear sire model. The occurrence of disease problems was as high as 0.3 if ‘all disorders’ were put into one group. Five percent of the cows that calved showed leg problems and the incidence of udder problems was ~0.13. The heritability of all disease problems ranged from 0.01 for reproductive problems to 0.03 for udder problems. The results showed that selection on milk yield traits will likely increase the frequency of all health disorders. Although selection on udder depth and somatic cell count helps to mitigate the possible genetic deterioration in udder problems, it is unlikely to avoid it totally. Therefore, more effort to collect and analyse health event data from Australia dairy herds could help to better design genetic and environmental measures to reduce the consequence of health problems.

Genetic aspects of common health disorders and measures of fertility in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Pryce ◽  
R. F. Veerkamp ◽  
R. Thompson ◽  
W. G. Hill ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Milk Fever ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fertility Traits

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for measures offertility and several health disorders in dairy cows. Data consisted of 33732 records, of which 9163 were on heifers, on 305-day milk yield, health disorders and inseminations. Measures offertility were calculated from calving and insemination dates and included calving interval, days to first service and conception to first service. Health disorders included milk fever, mastitis and lameness. Genetic and phenotypic (co)variances were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood. Heritability estimates for both health disorders and fertility traits were low, ranging from 0·003 to 0·080. All genetic correlations between 305-day milk yield and health and fertility traits, in cows and heifers together, were antagonistic implying that selection for milk yield may have caused a deterioration in health and fertility. The unfavourable correlation between milk yield and health and fertility traits, plus the economic importance of the latter, suggests that future breeding goals should be expanded to include some health disorders and fertility.

scholarly journals GENETIC PARAMETERS OF GIROLANDO CROSSBRED COWS IN DAIRY HERDS IN THE STATE OF ACRE, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1cont) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Pereira Braga ◽  
José Marques Carneiro Júnior ◽  
Antônia Kaylyanne Pinheiro ◽  
Maurício Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Restricted Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Selection For

This study aimed at estimating genetic parameters for milk production and conformation characteristics in Girolando crossbred dairy cows reared in the High and Low Acre region using the restricted maximum likelihood methodology, under an animal model. We estimated the variance components and genetic parameters using the REML/BLUP procedure (Restricted Maximum Likelihood Methodology/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction). The estimated average for milk production for 305 days of lactation (P305) was of 1523.25 ± 481.11 kg, with a heritability of 0.38 for this characteristic. The conformation characteristics showed no significant correlation with milk production. The phenotypical correlations between the linear characteristics of type were, in general, positive and moderate. The P305 obtained in this study can be considered low and indicates that there is a possibility of increasing milk production through selection in herds along with the use of tested and proven bulls. The heritability estimate found (0.38) indicates that there is genetic variability for milk production, demonstrating that selection for this characteristic would result in genetic progress.

scholarly journals Genomic selection for producer-recorded health event data in US dairy cattle

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 3190-3199 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Parker Gaddis ◽  
J.B. Cole ◽  
J.S. Clay ◽  
C. Maltecca
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Health Event ◽  
Selection For

Comparing the performance of Holstein and Friesian dairy cows on British dairy farms

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
G. E. Pollott ◽  
J. D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Friesian Cows

In recent years there has been an influx of Holstein genes into the UK dairy herd, largely achieved by a ‘grading up’ process using imported Holstein semen on Friesian cows. The research reported here investigates this process using performance records from UK dairy herds.

Selection for rate and efficiency of lean gain in Hereford cattle 1. Selection pressure applied and direct responses

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Mrode ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Direct Response ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Phenotypic Standard Deviation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTSelection of bulls for rate and efficiency of lean gain was studied in a herd of Hereford cattle. There were two selection lines, one selected for lean growth rate (LGR) from birth to 400 days and the other for lean food conversion ratio (LFCR) from 200 to 400 days of age, for a period of 8 years. A control line bred by frozen semen from foundation bulls was also maintained. Generation interval was about 2·4 years and average male selection differentials, per generation were 1·2 and — 1·1 phenotypic standard deviation units for LGR and LFCR respectively.Genetic parameters and responses to selection were estimated from the deviation of the selected lines from a control line and by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) techniques on the same material. Realized heritabilities were 0·40 (s.e. 0·12) for LGR and 0·40 (s.e. 0·13) for LFCR using the control line. Corresponding estimates from REML were 0·42 (s.e. 0·10) and 0·37 (s.e. 0·14). The estimate of the genetic correlation between LGR and LFCR was about — 0·69 (s.e. 0·12) using REML.The estimates of direct annual genetic change using deviations from the control were 3·6 (s.e. 1·3) g/day for LGR and — 0·14 (s.e. 0·07) kg food per kg lean gain for LFCR. Corrsponding estimates from REML were similar but more precisely estimated. The correlated responses for LFCR in the LGR line was higher than the direct response for LFCR.

scholarly journals PSVIII-38 Late-Breaking Abstract: Estimating genetic parameters of feed efficiency traits in American mink

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 347-347
Author(s):  
Pourya Davoudi ◽  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Guoyu Hu ◽  
Siavash Salek Ardestani ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
American Mink ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Selection For

Abstract Feed cost is the major input cost in the mink industry and thus improvement of feed efficiency through selection for high feed efficient mink is necessary for the mink farmers. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations for different feed efficiency measures, including final body weight (FBW), daily feed intake (DFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). For this purpose, 1,088 American mink from the Canadian Center for Fur Animal Research at Dalhousie Faculty of Agriculture were recorded for daily feed intake and body weight from August 1 to November 14 in 2018 and 2019. The univariate models were used to test the significance of sex, birth year and color as fixed effects, and dam as a random effect. Genetic parameters were estimated via bivariate models using ASReml-R version 4. Estimates of heritabilities (±SE) were 0.41±0.10, 0.37±0.11, 0.33±0.14, 0.24±0.09 and 0.22±0.09 for FBW, DFI, ADG, FCR and RFI, respectively. The genetic correlation (±SE) was moderate to high between FCR and RFI (0.68±0.15) and between FCR and ADG (-0.86±0.06). In addition, RFI had low non-significant (P > 0.05) genetic correlations with ADG (0.04 ± 0.26) and BW (0.16 ± 0.24) but significant (P < 0.05) high genetic correlation with DFI (0.74 ± 0.11) indicating that selection for lower RFI will reduce feed intake without adverse effects on the animal size and growth rate. The results suggested that RFI can be implemented in genetic/genomic selection programs to reduce feed intake in the mink production system.

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