ASSESSMENT—TRANSLATING THE FUTURE INTO NUMBERS

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Bradshaw ◽  
J. Bradshaw ◽  
R.J. Weeden ◽  
P. Carter ◽  
D.F.H. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Field Size

Geological risk assessment is a comprehensive method used to compare different exploration opportunities at the prospect and play scale. Though common place in the petroleum exploration industry for decades, the assessment method can be updated and made more powerful when integrated with recent advances in geological concepts and technology, such as petroleum systems, relational databases and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Empirical analysis of field size distributions and discovery histories is another traditional method for estimating undiscovered hydrocarbon potential for sedimentary basins or particular play types rather than for individual prospects. New mathematical descriptions of natural populations are available to further refine this approach; and the natural population of hydrocarbon fields is now seen as the petroleum system, rather than the basin or play. A key development has been the realisation that the methods of risk assessment can be applied to other complex decision making situations including environmental and resource planning.

A Study of Performance Factors in the Brunel Remote Guidance System for Visually Impaired Pedestrians

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Masarweh ◽  
Vanja Garaj ◽  
Wamadeva Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
And Performance

Over the last decade, the development in mobile technology, satellite navigation systems and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have contributed to the design and development of Brunel Remote Guidance System (BRGS). This system has the potential to be utilized by visually impaired pedestrians to make their life safer and easier. Recent research on BRGS indicates that in future this technology might be an integral part of their life practices. However, before the full deployment of the system in real life, more research is needed to reach both the best setup and performance of the system. The performance of the system is subject to each factor within the sub-system of the overall system architecture. Hence, knowing each sub-system along with its method of performance assessment and its effectiveness will definitely enable the better evaluation of the whole system performance which can lead to a better system setup. Therefore, that has been the main aim of this paper which has been achieved through conducted systematic literature review on previous literature related to this project. The main finding of the study showed that there is no clear setup and performance assessment method for one essential part on the system, which is the guide terminal.

Deterministic QRA Model and Implementation Experience via an Integrity Management Software Tool

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Dawson ◽  
Iain Colquhoun ◽  
Inessa Yablonskikh ◽  
Russell Wenz ◽  
Tuan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Failure Rates ◽  
Assessment Practice ◽  
Integrity Management

Current risk assessment practice in pipeline integrity management tends to use semi-quantitative index-based or model-based methodologies. This approach has been found to be very flexible and provide useful results for identifying high-risk areas and for prioritizing physical integrity assessments. However, as pipeline operators progressively adopt an operating strategy of continual risk reduction with a view to minimizing total expenditures within safety, environmental, and reliability constraints, the need for quantitative assessments of risk levels is becoming evident. Whereas reliability-based quantitative risk assessments can be and are routinely carried out on a site-specific basis, they require significant amounts of quantitative data for the results to be meaningful. This need for detailed and reliable data tends to make these methods unwieldy for system-wide risk assessment applications. This paper describes methods for estimating risk quantitatively through the calibration of semi-quantitative estimates to failure rates for peer pipeline systems. By applying point value probabilities to the failure rates, deterministic quantitative risk assessment (QRA) provide greater rigor and objectivity than can usually be achieved through the implementation of semi-quantitative risk assessment results. The method permits a fully quantitative approach to suit the operator’s data availability and quality, and analysis needs. The paper also discusses experiences of implementing this type of risk model in Pipeline Integrity Management System (PIMS) software and the use of and integration of data via existing pipeline geographical information systems (GIS).

COMBINING GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS WITH DEMENTIA RISK UTILISING GENERAL PRACTICE DATA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
N. Bagheri ◽  
K. Wangdi ◽  
N. Cherbuin ◽  
K.J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geospatial Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools

Geographical information systems (GIS) and geospatial analysis techniques will help to identify significant dementia risk clusters (hotspots) across communities and will enable policy makers to target prevention interventions to the right place. This review synthesises the published literature on geospatial analysis techniques for quantifying and mapping dementia risk, and reviews available dementia risk assessment tools. A systematic literature review was undertaken in four medical and life sciences databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, and Web of Sciences) from their inception to March 2017 for all articles relating to dementia. The search terms included: ‘dementia’, ‘Alzheimer’s disease’, ‘general practice database’, ‘family physician’, ‘AD risk assessment tools’, ‘Geographical Information Systems’ and ‘geospatial analysis’, ‘geographical variation’ and ‘spatial variation’. To date, most geospatial studies on dementia have been carried out retrospectively using population based data. An alternative approach is utilisation of a rich source of general practice (family physician) databases to predict dementia risk based on available dementia risk assessment tools. In conclusion, the estimated risks of dementia can thus be geo-attributed and mapped at a small scale using geographical information systems and geospatial analysis techniques to identify dementia risk clusters across the communities and refine our understanding of the interaction between socio-demographic and environmental factors, and dementia risk clusters.

scholarly journals A GIS-Based Method for Identification of Wide Area Rooftop Suitability for Minimum Size PV Systems Using LiDAR Data and Photogrammetry

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Palmer ◽  
Elena Koumpli ◽  
Ian Cole ◽  
Ralph Gottschalg ◽  
Thomas Betts
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Ground Truthing ◽  
The Impact

Knowledge of roof geometry and physical features is essential for evaluation of the impact of multiple rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system installations on local electricity networks. The paper starts by listing current methods used and stating their strengths and weaknesses. No current method is capable of delivering accurate results with publicly available input data. Hence a different approach is developed, based on slope and aspect using aircraft-based Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, building footprint data, GIS (Geographical Information Systems) tools, and aerial photographs. It assesses each roof’s suitability for PV deployment. That is, the characteristics of each roof are examined for fitting of at least a minimum size solar power system. In this way the minimum potential solar yield for region or city may be obtained. Accuracy is determined by ground-truthing against a database of 886 household systems. This is the largest validation of a rooftop assessment method to date. The method is flexible with few prior assumptions. It can generate data for various PV scenarios and future analyses.

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

A protocol for sampling pastures in hill country

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Hutchinson ◽  
D.R. Scobie ◽  
J. Beautrais ◽  
A.D. Mackay ◽  
G.M. Rennie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Topographic Complexity ◽  
Hill Country

To develop a protocol to guide pasture sampling for estimation of paddock pasture mass in hill country, a range of pasture sampling strategies, including random sampling, transects and stratification based on slope and aspect, were evaluated using simulations in a Geographical Information Systems computer environment. The accuracy and efficiency of each strategy was tested by sampling data obtained from intensive field measurements across several farms, regions and seasons. The number of measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate was related to the overall pasture mass and the topographic complexity of a paddock, with more variable paddocks requiring more samples. Random sampling from average slopes provided the best balance between simplicity and reliability. A draft protocol was developed from the simulations, in the form of a decision support tool, where visual determination of the topographic complexity of the paddock, along with the required accuracy, were used to guide the number of measurements recommended. The protocol was field tested and evaluated by groups of users for efficacy and ease of use. This sampling protocol will offer farmers, consultants and researchers an efficient, reliable and simple way to determine pasture mass in New Zealand hill country settings. Keywords: hill country, feed budgeting, protocol pasture mass, slope

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