IMPROVED STRUCTURAL RESOLUTION FROM 3D SURVEYS IN AUSTRALIA

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
J. I. Sanders ◽  
G. Steel
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Velocity Analysis ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Survey Line ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Marine Seismic ◽  
Gippsland Basin

Two marine seismic three-dimensional (3D) surveys were carried out in the Gippsland Basin during 1980. The results of these surveys illustrate the improved structural resolution that can be obtained by 3D migration in complex areas, and also the great detail with which a structure can be defined by the dense data volume given by a 3D survey.Certain aspects of data collection and processing are particularly critical in achieving a successful 3D survey. Line spacing and depth-point spacing must be related to the maximum dips and reflection frequencies expected, and accurate navigation and streamer positioning are essential. Correct migration of the data is highly dependent on obtaining the proper migration velocities, and these are derived from the stacking velocity analysis by a form of 3D modelling.Sections and Seiscrop' horizontal time slices from the surveys demonstrate that in areas of complex three-dimensional structures, 3D seismic methods are necessary to properly image the reflection energy. The Seiscrop sections also show how the dense spatial sampling of 3D data is required to map these complex structures with adequate resolution for the most effective planning of a drilling programme.

THE YELLOWTAIL OIL DISCOVERY

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
A. R. Limbert ◽  
P. N. Glenton ◽  
J. Volaric
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Well Control ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Small Feature ◽  
Gippsland Basin

The Esso/Hematite Yellowtall oil discovery is located about 80 km offshore in the Gippsland Basin. It is a small accumulation situated between the Mackerel and Kingfish oilfields. The oil is contained in Paleocene Latrobe Group sandstones, and sealed by the calcareous shales and siltstones of the Oligocene to Miocene Lakes Entrance Formation. Structural movement and erosion have combined to produce a low relief closure on the unconformity surface at the top of the Latrobe Group.The discovery well, Yellowtail-1, was the culmination of an exploration programme initiated during the early 1970's. The early work involved the recording and interpretation of conventional seismic data and resulted in the drilling of Opah- 1 in 1977. Opah-1 failed to intersect reservoir- quality sediments within the interpreted limits of closure although oil indications were encountered in a non-net interval immediately below the top of the Latrobe Group. In 1980 the South Mackerel 3D seismic survey was recorded. The interpretation of these 3D data in conjunction with the existing well control resulted in the drilling of Yellowtail-1 and subsequently led to the drilling of Yellowtail-2.In spite of the intensive exploration to which this small feature has been subjected, the potential for its development remains uncertain. Technical factors which affect the viability of a Yellowtail development are:The low relief of the closure makes the reservoir volume highly sensitive to depth conversion of the seismic data.The complicated velocity field makes precise depth conversion difficult.The thin oil column reduces oil recovery efficiency.The detailed pattern of erosion at the top of the Latrobe Group may be beyond the resolution capability of 3D seismic data.The 3D seismic data may not be capable of defining the distribution of the non-net intervals within the trap.The large anticlinal closures and topographic highs in the Gippsland Basin have been drilled, and the prospects that remain are generally small or high risk. Such exploration demands higher technology in the exploration stage and more wells to define the discoveries, and has no guarantee of success. The Yellowtail discovery is an illustration of one such prospect that the Esso/Hematite joint venture is evaluating.

'Rig 3D' ? A revolutionary technique looking for a case history

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
B.J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Seismic Exploration ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Site Location ◽  
3D Navigation ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Seismic Surveying ◽  
Exploration Drilling ◽  
Marine Seismic

Three dimensional (3D) marine seismic surveying is expensive and often a lengthy and technically difficult survey to perform. It is therefore only executed when an economically viable discovery is made. An alternative technique is offered which may be used when a marginally economic discovery is made. The technique is inexpensive compared to the conventional full 3D marine survey; it is cheaper than reconnaissance surveying and two boat operations, and provides a 3D migrated annular volume just over 3 kilometres in diameter for the approximate price of a single offset vertical seismic profile (VSP).The technique uses the exploration drilling rig as the energy source platform, the rig supply vessel as the receiver, and the site location system as the 3D navigation network. In using equipment conventionally mobilized with each drilling rig relocation, costs are substantially reduced and a larger portion of the 3D seismic exploration budget may be transferred to the engineering/drilling budget.Failure of the technique to be trialled is due to the conservatism found within the industry rather than technical considerations.

Making the most of mature field opportunities—2009 Cobia infill drilling campaign

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Andy Zannetos ◽  
Will Leonard ◽  
Grant Clements ◽  
Dean Grant ◽  
Andrew Miatello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Data ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Seismic Modelling ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Infill Drilling ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Gippsland Basin

The Halibut and Fortescue oil fields are located in the Gippsland Basin, offshore Australia, and have produced 1.3 billion barrels of oil since the 1970s. The fields have been developed from three platforms—Cobia, Halibut and Fortescue—using multiple infill drilling campaigns post initial development. A strong emphasis has been placed on leveraging the latest technology to optimise development of these fields. The advent of high resolution 3D seismic surveys and improved processing techniques have proved invaluable in recent programs. This is illustrated by the 2009 Cobia infill program where the nine wells drilled over six months have increased field production from an average of 4,000 to 20,000 barrels of oil per day. Key success elements for this program included the use of new 3D re-processing technology, the application of past learnings, and the in-house enhancement of 3D data, in addition to seismic modelling and the integration of production data. The maturing of individual leads to economically viable targets used fit-for-purpose analysis of the data in which 3D seismic, well and production data were integrated and later built into 3D geologic models. Location choice was also important to the success of the program, where several potential targets were rejected after failing to meet technical or economic criteria. Drilling performance was exceptional, with all nine wells drilled within budget. The new 2009 Cobia infill wells have already produced over 2.2 million barrels of oil and show how mature fields can be re-invigorated through the use of re-processed 3D seismic and integrated data analysis.

The Research of the Hybrid Volume Rendering Algorithm Based on GPU Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 610 ◽  
pp. 722-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Xiang ◽  
Fei Deng ◽  
Tian Xin Ning
Keyword(s):  
Volume Rendering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Rendering ◽  
Fault Surface ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Comprehensive Mapping

Volume rendering is a kind of important technology of 3D data volume rendering, which can display the internal structures and the shapes of the data cubes more vividly than the surface rendering and the technique for surface extraction from a volume. However, volume rendering algorithm is very complex, in order to solve the efficient problem of volume rendering of massive data,this paper introduces the real-time volume rendering technology which is based on GPU acceleration, and puts forward a method of fast hybrid volume rendering based on FBO to solve the problem that the data and the conventional primitives can be rendered on the same screen. At present, this method has been applied to the three-dimensional geological interpretation of comprehensive mapping system, which realizes that the three-dimensional attribute body and stratigraphy, fault surface can be shown at the same time, and improves the quality and efficiency of the interpretation work.

scholarly journals Geomorphological Geometries and High-Resolution Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy of Malay Basin’s Fluvial Succession

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5156
Author(s):  
Abd Al-Salam Al-Masgari ◽  
Mohamed Elsaadany ◽  
Numair A. Siddiqui ◽  
Abdul Halim Abdul Latiff ◽  
Azli Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Attributes ◽  
Seismic Facies ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Seismic Sequences ◽  
Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Point Bars

This study identified the Pleistocene depositional succession of the group (A) (marine, estuarine, and fluvial depositional systems) of the Melor and Inas fields in the central Malay Basin from the seafloor to approximately −507 ms (522 m). During the last few years, hydrocarbon exploration in Malay Basin has moved to focus on stratigraphic traps, specifically those that existed with channel sands. These traps motivate carrying out this research to image and locate these kinds of traps. It can be difficult to determine if closely spaced-out channels and channel belts exist within several seismic sequences in map-view with proper seismic sequence geomorphic elements and stratigraphic surfaces seismic cross lines, or probably reinforce the auto-cyclic aggregational stacking of the avulsing rivers precisely. This analysis overcomes this challenge by combining well-log with three-dimensional (3D) seismic data to resolve the deposition stratigraphic discontinuities’ considerable resolution. Three-dimensional (3D) seismic volume and high-resolution two-dimensional (2D) seismic sections with several wells were utilized. A high-resolution seismic sequence stratigraphy framework of three main seismic sequences (3rd order), four Parasequences sets (4th order), and seven Parasequences (5th order) have been established. The time slice images at consecutive two-way times display single meandering channels ranging in width from 170 to 900 m. Moreover, other geomorphological elements have been perfectly imaged, elements such as interfluves, incised valleys, chute cutoff, point bars, and extinction surfaces, providing proof of rapid growth and transformation of deposits. The high-resolution 2D sections with Cosine of Phase seismic attributes have facilitated identifying the reflection terminations against the stratigraphic amplitude. Several continuous and discontinuous channels, fluvial point bars, and marine sediments through the sequence stratigraphic framework have been addressed. The whole series reveals that almost all fluvial systems lay in the valleys at each depositional sequence’s bottom bars. The degradational stacking patterns are characterized by the fluvial channels with no evidence of fluvial aggradation. Moreover, the aggradation stage is restricted to marine sedimentation incursions. The 3D description of these deposits permits distinguishing seismic facies of the abandoned mud channel and the sand point bar deposits. The continuous meandering channel, which is filled by muddy deposits, may function as horizontal muddy barriers or baffles that might isolate the reservoir body into separate storage containers. The 3rd, 4th, and 5th orders of the seismic sequences were established for the studied succession. The essential geomorphological elements have been imaged utilizing several seismic attributes.

scholarly journals Application of the erosion algorithm in modeling of structures behavior under impulse loads

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Pavel Radchenko ◽  
Stanislav Batuev ◽  
Andrey Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Fracture Of Materials ◽  
Solid Bodies

The paper presents results of applying approach to simulation of contact surfaces fracture under high velocity interaction of solid bodies. The algorithm of erosion -the algorithm of elements removing, of new surface building and of mass distribution after elements fracture at contact boundaries is consider. The results of coordinated experimental and numerical studies of fracture of materials under impact are given. Authors own finite element computer software program EFES, allowing to simulate a three-dimensional setting behavior of complex structures under dynamic loads, has been used for the calculations.

DENOISING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL DATA CUBE USING BIVARIATE WAVELET SHRINKING

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUANGYI CHEN ◽  
TIEN D. BUI ◽  
ADAM KRZYZAK
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Band ◽  
Gaussian White Noise ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Data Cube ◽  
Wavelet Thresholding ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Signal Image ◽  
3D Data Cube ◽  
Better Than

The denoising of a natural signal/image corrupted by Gaussian white noise is a classical problem in signal/image processing. However, it is still in its infancy to denoise high dimensional data. In this paper, we extended Sendur and Selesnick's bivariate wavelet thresholding from two-dimensional (2D) image denoising to three-dimensional (3D) data cube denoising. Our study shows that bivariate wavelet thresholding is still valid for 3D data cubes. Experimental results show that bivariate wavelet thresholding on 3D data cube is better than performing 2D bivariate wavelet thresholding on every spectral band separately, VisuShrink, and Chen and Zhu's 3-scale denoising.

Considerations for Post-processing Parameters in Mixed-Method 3D Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Selden ◽  
Lauren N. Butaric ◽  
Kersten Bergstrom ◽  
Dennis Van Gerven
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Repositories ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Smoothing Parameters ◽  
Ct Data

ABSTRACTThe production of three-dimensional (3D) digital meshes of surface and computed tomographic (CT) data has become widespread in morphometric analyses of anthropological and archaeological data. Given that processing methods are not standardized, this leaves questions regarding the comparability of processed and digitally curated 3D datasets. The goal of this study was to identify those processing parameters that result in the most consistent fit between CT-derived meshes and a 3D surface model of the same human mandible. Eight meshes, each using unique thresholding and smoothing parameters, were compared to assess whole-object deviations, deviations along curves, and deviations between specific anatomical features on the surface model when compared with the CT scans using a suite of comparison points. Based on calculated gap distances, the mesh that thresholded at “0” with an applied smoothing technique was found to deviate least from the surface model, although it is not the most biologically accurate. Results have implications for aggregated studies that employ multimodal 3D datasets, and caution is recommended for studies that enlist 3D data from websites and digital repositories, particularly if processing parameters are unknown or derived for studies with different research foci.

Diagnosis of COVID-19 using 3D CT scans and vaccination for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangadhar Ch ◽  
S. Jana ◽  
Sankararao Majji ◽  
Prathyusha Kuncha ◽  
Fantin Irudaya Raj E. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infected People ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Ct Classification ◽  
First Time

Purpose For the first time in a decade, a new form of pneumonia virus, coronavirus, COVID-19, appeared in Wuhan, China. To date, it has affected millions of people, killed thousands and resulted in thousands of deaths around the world. To stop the spread of this virus, isolate the infected people. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is very accurate in revealing the details of the lungs and allows oncologists to detect COVID. However, the analysis of CT scans, which can include hundreds of images, may cause delays in hospitals. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology could help to COVID-19-positive cancer in this manner is the main purpose of the work. Design/methodology/approach CT scans are a medical imaging procedure that gives a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the lungs for clinical purposes. The volumetric 3D data sets can be regarded as axial, coronal and transverse data sets. By using AI, we can diagnose the virus presence. Findings The paper discusses the use of an AI for COVID-19, and CT classification issue and vaccination details of COVID-19 have been detailed in this paper. Originality/value Originality of the work is, all the data can be collected genuinely and did research work doneown methodology.

Confocal fluorescence microscopy with the tandem scanning light microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624
Author(s):  
S.J. Wright ◽  
J.S. Walker ◽  
H. Schatten ◽  
C. Simerly ◽  
J.J. McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence ◽  
Cooled Ccd ◽  
Cellular Components

Applications of the tandem scanning confocal microscope (TSM) to fluorescence microscopy and its ability to resolve fluorescent biological structures are described. The TSM, in conjunction with a cooled charge-coupled device (cooled CCD) and conventional epifluorescence light source and filter sets, provided high-resolution, confocal data, so that different fluorescent cellular components were distinguished in three dimensions within the same cell. One of the unique features of the TSM is the ability to image fluorochromes excited by ultraviolet light (e.g. Hoechst, DAPI) in addition to fluorescein and rhodamine. Since the illumination is dim, photobleaching is insignificant and prolonged viewing of living specimens is possible. Series of optical sections taken in the Z-axis with the TSM were reproduced as stereo images and three-dimensional reconstructions. These data show that the TSM is potentially a powerful tool in fluorescence microscopy for determining three-dimensional relationships of complex structures within cells labeled with multiple fluorochromes.

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