THE EFFECTS OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT ON THE PETROLEUM GEOLOGY OF WESTERN INDONESIA

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
T.S.M. Ranneft
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Continental Drift ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Petroleum Geology ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Transform Faults ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Hinge Line ◽  
Straight Segments ◽  
Transverse Fault

The traditional concept of western Indonesia as a sinuous island are is probably incorrect. Instead, western Indonesia seems to consist of a series of largely straight segments that are sometimes offset and that may change direction abruptly in specific hinge line areas. The segments, especially in these hinge line areas, are cut by a system of north-northeast trending transverse faults. This fault system (Bantam trend) is noted forremarkable consistency in the direction of strike,wide distribution,variety of amount and direction of movement,occasional volcanism, andvaried activity at different times during the Cenozoic period or before, probably diminishing in a northeasterly direction.The segmentation and associated transverse fault system of western Indonesia may be caused by the Australian plate and its fracture zones (extensions of "transform" faults?) and north-northeast trending Indian Ocean morphological features, being thrust beneath the Indonesian continental area. The Bantam (transverse) fault trend may have affected the petroleum geology of western Indonesia in at least two ways:it may have been responsible for the division of the backdeep and perhaps the interdeep into a series of highs and lows, resulting in silled conditions during deposition and therefore, source rock generation;it probably provided the usual north-northeast trending oil and gas producing anticlines in northern Java and in the Java Sea. As the less explored interdeep basins are closer to the edge of the subduction zone, the Bantam trend faults are likely to be particularly prominent there, a factor that should affect exploration programmes in this region.

Analysis of Fault Characteristics and Reservoir Forming Control in Middle Fault Depression Belt in Hailer-Tamtsag Basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Yong He Sun ◽  
Lin Kang ◽  
Feng Xiang Yang ◽  
Xue Song Li
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Type I ◽  
Weathering Crust ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Block Boundary ◽  
System Type ◽  
Fracture Damage ◽  
Buried Hill

In order to reveal in middle fault depression belt of Hailer-Tamtsag Basin buried hill oil and gas migration and accumulation characteristics, we summarize controlling effect of fault on oil and gas migration and accumulation of buried hill, which by analysing genetic mechanism of buried hills based on fault systems formation and evolution. Research shows that three types of fault system in Hailer-Tamtsag Basin: early stretched fault system(Type I), early stretched middle tensile shearing fault system(Type I-II), early stretched middle tensile shearing reverse late fault system(Type I-II-III). Type I-II and I-II-III are stretching by NW tensional stress in Nantun group ,which afford tectonic framework for syngenesis buried hill and epigenetic buried hill. Type I make buried hills complicated .It is also favorable to ancient geomorphological buried hill in the fault less affected zones. Although they formed cracks dense zone easier, Type I-II and I-II-III fault system damage the reservoir which is not conducive to " hydrocarbon-supplying window " formation; Type I fault system have less promotion on the development of the buried hill reservoir, while it is conducive to hydrocarbon accumulation as the block boundary in buried hill hydrocarbon. Fault formed source rocks two kinds for hydrocarbon mode: unidirectional and bidirectional, which formed two reservoir-forming pattern: Unidirectional transportation hydrocarbon of weathering crust or hydrocarbon of fracture damage zones and bidirectional transportation hydrocarbon of weathering crust or hydrocarbon of fracture damage zones.

Seismic attribute for characterization and prediction of carbonate faulted karst reservoirs in Tarim Basin, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Xiao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Ruizhao Yang ◽  
Dewei Li ◽  
Lingbin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Bright Spot ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Reservoir Prediction ◽  
Seismic Attribute ◽  
Gas Field

An ultradeep, faulted karst reservoir of Ordovician carbonate was discovered in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin. Fractured-cavity reservoirs buried beneath the large thickness of upper Ordovician mudstone were formed along the fault-karst belts. The hydrocarbon accumulation in these reservoirs is controlled by the fault system, and the oil-gas accumulation was affected by karstification and hydrothermal reformation. Previous studies and 2D modeling revealed that the reservoirs had “bright spot” amplitude responses like “string beads,” and they have developed along the strike-slip faults. However, describing such a complex fault-controlled karst system is still a difficult problem that has not been well addressed. We have sought to instruct the attribute expression of faulted karst reservoirs in the northern part of the Tarim Basin. We applied coherence and fault likelihood (FL) seismic attributes to image faults and fractures zones. We then used a trend analysis method to calculate the residual impedance from the impedance of the acoustic inversion, using the fact that residual impedance has higher lateral resolution in reservoir predictions. Finally, we integrated the coherence, FL, and residual impedance attributes into a new seismic attribute, the “fault-vuggy body,” with a certain fusion coefficient. The fault-vuggy body attribute establishes a connection between faults and karst cavities. This method could help in the characterization and prediction of carbonate faulted karst reservoirs. Available drilling data were used to validate that the fused fault-vuggy body attribute was an effective reservoir prediction method. As the seismic sections and slices along the layer help delineate, the distribution of bright spots and strike-slip faults indicates that the main strike-slip fault zones are the most favorable reservoirs in the Shunbei Oil and Gas Field.

scholarly journals Features of the geological structure, tectonic development and oil and gas potential of the Chezhen depression (Bohai bay basin)

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Sh. Qiu ◽  
N. A. Kasyanova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Tectonic Development ◽  
Geophysical Information ◽  
Oil Deposits ◽  
Gas Potential

Background. In terms of oil and gas, the territory of the Chezhen depression has been studied insufficiently compared to the neighbouring same-range depressions. These depressions complicate the first-order Jiyang depression, geographically coinciding with the largest Shengli hydrocarbon field. In recent years, much geological and geophysical information about the oil geologyof the Chezhen depression has been accumulated, which allows its prospecting oil and gas potential to be assessed.Aim. To reveal regular features of the geological structure and location of oil deposits in the Chezhen depression in order to support the prospecting and exploration work within the Chezhen block of the Shengli field.Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of literature data and collected materials was conducted. A historical and geodynamic study of the evolution of the studied area according to literature data was carried out, along with an analysis of the most recent geological and geophysical information and exploration data based on the materials of the “Shengli AKOO Sinopek” oil company. The analysis was based on the data from 52 drilling wells and the results of seismic surveys performed in the central part of the Chezhen depression.Results. Specific features of the block geological structure of the area under study were established, which formed under the repeated influence of large-scale horizontal tectonic movements occurring at different periods of geological history. The role of the most recent fault system in the modern spatial distribution of oil deposits was determined.Conclusions. Our studies demonstrate a great prospecting potential of the Chezhen depression territory, where the discovery of new industrial oil deposits can be expected.

scholarly journals Current Plate Motions

1988 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 351-352
Author(s):  
Richard Gordon ◽  
Charles Demets ◽  
Seth Stein ◽  
Don Argus ◽  
Dale Woods
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Continental Drift ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Plate Boundaries ◽  
Transform Faults ◽  
Plate Motions ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Self Consistent

The standard against which VLBI measurements of continental drift and plate motions are compared are self-consistent global models of “present-day” plate motions determined from geophysical data: marine magnetic anomalies at oceanic spreading centers, azimuths of transform faults, and orientations of earthquake slip vectors on transform faults and at subduction zones. Past global plate motion models have defined regions where the assumption that plates behave rigidly has apparently lead to systematic misfits, sometimes exceeding 10 mm/yr, of plate motion data. Here, we present some of the results from NUVEL-1, a new, self-consistent global model of present-day relative plate motions determined from a compilation and analysis of existing and new geophysical data. These data and new techniques have allowed us to eliminate nearly all statistically significant systematic misfits identified by earlier models, suggesting that the rigid-plate assumption is an excellent approximation when plate motions are averaged over several million years. Beside improving estimates of the motion on previously identified plate boundaries, we have also identified and determined motions on other boundaries whose subtle morphologies, lack of seismicity, and very slow (< 10 mm/yr) relative motions have made them difficult to detect. Here we focus on the application of VLBI measurements to help resolve plate tectonic problems and then briefly outline our results for Pacific-North America motion and plate motions in the Indian Ocean.

The discovery of a new sedimentary basin: offshore Raukumara, East Coast, North Island, New Zealand

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Uruski ◽  
Callum Kennedy ◽  
Rupert Sutherland ◽  
Vaughan Stagpoole ◽  
Stuart Henrys
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Petroleum Potential ◽  
The North

The East Coast of North Island, New Zealand, is the site of subduction of the Pacific below the Australian plate, and, consequently, much of the basin is highly deformed. An exception is the Raukumara Sub-basin, which forms the northern end of the East Coast Basin and is relatively undeformed. It occupies a marine plain that extends to the north-northeast from the northern coast of the Raukumara Peninsula, reaching water depths of about 3,000 m, although much of the sub-basin lies within the 2,000 m isobath. The sub-basin is about 100 km across and has a roughly triangular plan, bounded by an east-west fault system in the south. It extends about 300 km to the northeast and is bounded to the east by the East Cape subduction ridge and to the west by the volcanic Kermadec Ridge. The northern seismic lines reveal a thickness of around 8 km increasing to 12–13 km in the south. Its stratigraphy consists of a fairly uniformly bedded basal section and an upper, more variable unit separated by a wedge of chaotically bedded material. In the absence of direct evidence from wells and samples, analogies are drawn with onshore geology, where older marine Cretaceous and Paleogene units are separated from a Neogene succession by an allochthonous series of thrust slices emplaced around the time of initiation of the modern plate boundary. The Raukumara Sub-basin is not easily classified. Its location is apparently that of a fore-arc basin along an ocean-to-ocean collision zone, although its sedimentary fill must have been derived chiefly from erosion of the New Zealand land mass. Its relative lack of deformation introduces questions about basin formation and petroleum potential. Although no commercial discoveries have been made in the East Coast Basin, known source rocks are of marine origin and are commonly oil prone, so there is good potential for oil as well as gas in the basin. New seismic data confirm the extent of the sub-basin and its considerable sedimentary thickness. The presence of potential trapping structures and direct hydrocarbon indicators suggest that the Raukumara Sub-basin may contain large volumes of oil and gas.

THE CENTRAL AUSTRALIAN BASINS

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy M. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Thrust Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Upper Proterozoic ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Seismic Surveying ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic

The Amadeus and Ngalia Basins are two of several intracratonic basins situated in the central region of the Australian Continent and underlain by Upper Proterozoic and Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks.In the Amadeus Basin, the preserved sedimentary section has been deformed by several orogenic events through geological history, with salt tectonics playing an important role in the structural evolution. The Ordovician System is the primary exploration objective. The Cambrian and Proterozoic sequences, which also carry rock strata having source, reservoir and sealing properties, are secondary targets. However, these latter units are sparsely explored, and only limited information is available on their petroleum prospectiveness. Three of the four petroleum accumulations found to date are in Ordovician sandstones, with the fourth accumulation contained in Cambrian sandstones.The initial drilling phase in the Amadeus Basin in the early 1960s was concentrated on geologically defined surface antic :nes, with seismic surveying becoming the principal technique employed in subsequent exploration phases. The ongoing work has demonstrated a major untested structural play associated with a regional thrust fault system — in particular, combination dip and fault closures developed on the underthrust blocks. Stratigraphic prospects also are present in the Amadeus Basin, but none of these yet has been drilled.The Ngalia Basin is similar stratigraphically and structurally to the Amadeus Basin and is considered prospective for oil and gas. Much less work has been done in the Ngalia than in the Amadeus, with only one well drilled in the entire basin. The well yielded a gas snow from a Proterozoic formation, and other direct hydrocarbon indications have been recorded elsewhere in the basin. Rock units having source, reservoir and sealing parameters are present, as are structures capable of forming traps. Again, these are associated largely with a complex regional thrust fault system.

scholarly journals Vincent Charles Illing, 1890-1969

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 365-384
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Petroleum Geology ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Petroleum Geologist ◽  
Industrial Work ◽  
The World

Vincent Charles Illing was an internationally distinguished petroleum geologist who exemplified in his career the advantages of integrated academic and industrial work. His name will always be linked with the Royal School of Mines, London, where he created and developed over forty years the only department of petroleum geology in this country and one of the foremost in the world. His studies of the occurrence of oil and gas were no mere academic exercise. He was unique in British geology in combining the duties and responsibilities of a professor with those of guiding petroleum exploration and exploitation in various parts of the world. He never relinquished his consultant’s role. His biography is of particular interest now that pragmatism in scientific work has regained much of its former respectability.

Three-dimensional Magnetotelluric Crustal Model of High Agri Valley seismic area to identify and to quantify the resistivity variation in depth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Eliana Pastoressa ◽  
Marianna Balasco ◽  
Juanjo Ledo ◽  
Pilar Queralt ◽  
Gerardo Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Regularization Parameter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Period Range ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Resistivity Variation

&lt;p&gt;The High Agri Valley (HAV) is an axial zone of the Southern Apennines thrust belt chain with a strong seismogenic potential as shown by different stress indicators and space geodesy data that suggest an NE-SW extensional stress regime still active. Moreover, the HAV hosts the Europe&amp;#8217;s largest onshore oil and gas field, which give it further strategic importance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is a certain ambiguity concern the causative fault of the large event (M=7.0) occurred in 1857 in Agri Valley, although two well-documented fault systems are recognised as potentially seismogenic: the Monti della Maddalena Fault System (MMFS) and the Eastern Agri Fault System (EAFS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;With the aim to bring new information on identification and characterization of the principal structures, on the fluids distribution and their possible relationship with the developed of kinematics in upper fragile crust, several multiscale and multidisciplinary surveys are currently running in the HAV. Here we present the first results of a 3D Magnetotelluric (MT) investigation composed of 58 MT soundings in the period range [10&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; Hz, 10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Hz] which cover an area of approximately of 15 km x 30 km. All the 3D results were obtained by using the 3D inversion conde ModEM: Modular EM Inversion Software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The work carried out so far has been mainly focused on the definition of the best mesh to adopt, both in terms of cell size and orientation, and on the correct choice of the inversion parameters: resistivity of the starting model, smoothing model parameter, minimum error &amp;#64258;oor attributed to the data, regularization parameter (trade-off).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The 3D MT preliminary model obtained shows a good agreement with 2D models previously realized using a part of the same dataset and defines the main geo-structural features of the HAV.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The resistivity variations in HAV subsurface will be jointly interpreted with accurate seismic data collected by seismic broadband network INSIEME (composed by 8 stations distributed throughout the Agri Valley) and other available geophysical and geological data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The interconnection between the conductivity and seismicity information will be useful to implement the knowledge on the role that fluids play in fault zones and in earthquake processes.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

Early Oil and Gas Exploration to 1879 in Western Crawford County, Pennsylvania

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Pees
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Upper Devonian ◽  
Petroleum Geology ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Stratigraphic Nomenclature

Although lacking the major activity and success of nearby areas in the Pennsylvania shallow oil and gas region, western Crawford County had an early start in exploration. Oil was first encountered in 1819 while deepening a salt well to 300 feet in Beaver Township. After the Drake well of 1859, drilling for oil spread into western Crawford County in 1861. Some of the early drilling sites were in Beaver Township where hydrocarbon shows in the early salt well attested to the presence of petroleum and gas. The period from 1861 to 1879 saw an estimated 21 wells drilled in western Crawford County, but the number may have been somewhat higher. Thirteen oil wells are located on the 1880 base map used for this study and plotted from field and literature research. Two or three small oil and gas pools were found by this early drilling, but none of them were developed to significant proportions. Gallons of dark green oil were collected from some wells and gas blew the tools out of one hole. Another well at first was thought to have enough gas to light a village. Israel C. White discussed the petroleum geology of western Crawford County in "The Geology of Erie and Crawford Counties," Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania, Report of Progress, 1879, published in 1881. One of his major contributions was the tracing of the petroliferous Upper Devonian Venango Third sand from wells in the oil region near Titusville into the mapped area where it also became an objective for drilling. White's stratigraphic nomenclature is compared with current usage, which still contains much of his terminology.

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