THE GEOLOGY OF THE PALCHAWARRA AREA COOPER BASIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Kapel
Keyword(s):  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Eastern Boundary ◽  
Cooper Basin

This paper is another chapter in the long series of papers presented to APEA Conferences since 1964 on the geology of the Cooper Basin. The Patchawarra area became of interest after Bridge Oil on behalf of its partners discovered oil in the area while drilling Tirrawarra No. 1 as part of their obligations to earn a 50 percent interest in the area. This paper deals with the central part of the Patchawarra Gravity Low first described by the Author in 1966.The Tirrawarra Formation was deposited in the Patchawarra trough during early Permian. The Gidgealpa Innamincka trend constitutes the eastern boundary of this trough while the western boundary of the Patchawarra Gravity Low coincides with the western boundary of the Cooper Basin.Sedimentation during the Permian in the Cooper Basin is controlled regionally by the major structural trends such as, the Gidgealpa Innamincka Trend, but hiatii and minor local unconformities also developed around individual structrues.The major unconformity recognised in the Patchawarra Low occurs between the Upper Permian Toolachee Formation and the Lower Permian Moomba Formation.

PALYNOLOGIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO PETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN THE PERMIAN FORMATIONS OF THE COOPER BASIN, AUSTRALIA

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
R. J. Paten
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Hydrocarbon Accumulation ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Biostratigraphic Subdivision ◽  
Cooper Basin

From 1959, when Permian spores and pollen were first identified from Delhi-Santos wells in the Cooper basin until 1967, appreciation of the palynologic succession was impeded by problems associated with the severe carbonization of the microfossils. By 1966, sufficient data had been accumulated for the elucidation of the broad palynologic framework. The Merrimelia Formation was identified as early Permian (palynologic unit Plb of Evans), the Lower and Middle Members of the Gidgealpa Formation as Lower Permian (units Plc-P3a) and the Upper Member of the Formation as Upper Permian (units P3b-P4). Breaks in the microfloral succession were noted above the Merrimelia Formation and between the Middle and Upper Members of the Gidgealpa Formation corresponding with observed litho-stratigraphic hiatuses.Well-preserved microfloras were recovered from four wells in late 1967 and early 1968, and produced a dramatic advance in knowledge of the Permian biostratigraphy. It became possible to relate the microfloral succession to the Permian palynologic stages proposed by Evans (1967), for eastern Australia. The Merrimelia Formation was referred to stage 2, while stages 3, 4 and 5 were recognised within the Gidgealpa Formation. In addition, two units of apparently short duration were recognised in each of stages 4 and 5. A six-fold biostratigraphic subdivision of the entire Permian sequence was thus possible.Palynology is finding wide application to problems encountered in current drilling and stratigraphic investigations. It has shown particular value when applied to those problems associated with the mid-Gidgealpa Formation disconformity, which is an important feature relative to hydrocarbon accumulation in the Gidgealpa Field.

First basal synapsids (“pelycosaurs”) from the Upper Permian-?Lower Triassic of Uruguay, South America

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela Piñeiro ◽  
Mariano Verde ◽  
Martín Ubilla ◽  
Jorge Ferigolo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Continental Deposits

In their monograph Review of the Pelycosauria, Romer and Price (1940), proposed that the earliest synapsids (“pelycosaurs”) were cosmopolitan, despite the observation that amniotes appeared to be restricted to the paleotropics during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian (290–282 Ma). Romer and Price (1940) accounted for the scarcity of terrestrial tetrapods, including “pelycosaurs,” in Lower Permian beds elsewhere to the absence of coeval continental deposits beyond North America and Europe. Indeed, most workers recognized a geographical and temporal gap between Permo-Carboniferous “pelycosaurs” and therapsid synapsids. Recent research has confirmed that varanopid and caseid “pelycosaurs” were components of therapsid-dominated Late Permian faunas preserved in Russia and South-Africa (Tatarinov and Eremina, 1975; Reisz, 1986; Reisz et al., 1998; Reisz and Berman, 2001).

scholarly journals The Røde Ø Conglomerate of inner Scoresby Sund and the Carboniferous(?) and Permian rocks west of the Schuchert Flod. A general sedimentological account

1972 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
J.D Collinson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
The West ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Precipitation ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

The Røde Ø Conglomerate is a formation of red sandstones and conglomerates in the inner part of Scoresby Sund. It has an elongated north-south outcrop within an area of high-grade metamorphic rocks. It is bounded on the west by a normal fault, downthrowing to the east and dying out northwards. The sediments rest unconformably on migmatites along their eastern boundary. Within the Røde Ø Conglomerate, four lithofacies associations are recognised. A conglomerate association is the most abundant and occurs along the western side of the outcrop against the fault. It is coarse and poorly sorted, and easterly palaeocurrents are suggested. The association is interpreted as the product of alluvial fans building eastwards. This association passes laterally eastwards through an interbedded complex into a silty sandstone association which, in turn, passes into a gypsiferous sandstone association. These are both thought to be largely suspension deposits at the distal limit of the fans. The gypsum is the result of near surface precipitation due to high evaporation. On Storø, on the eastern side of Rødefjord and east of the other associations, a cross-bedded sandstone association referable to a normal fluviatile model occurs. Palaeocurrents here were to the north and north-west. It is suggested that movements along the western boundary fault were probably the cause of the rapid uplift needed to supply the coarse sediment. The rocks west of the Schuchert Flod were described by Kempter (1961) who recognised three major subdivisions, the Bjørnbos Corner Formation of alleged Carboniferous age, the Gurreholmsdal Formation (Lower Permian) and the Karstryggen Group (Upper Permian). The Bjørnbos Corner Formation is an arkosic conglomerate whose sedimentation is not obviously related to any presently observed tectonic feature. The Gurreholmsdal Formation shows a pattern of sedimentation broadly similar to the Røde ø Conglomerate with conglomerates in the west, near the Stauning Alper Fault passing eastwards and downcurrent into finer arkoses and eventually into micaceous sandstones which have northerly palaeocurrents. Sediment supply is again thought to have been due to movement on the western fault margin. It is not possible to date the Røde Ø Conglomerate by comparison with the Schuchert sequence in any conclusive way, though it can be tentatively suggested that the same regional tensional event might have been responsible for both sedimentary events.

Stratigraphic evolution of the Paleozoic Stikine assemblage in the Stikine and Iskut rivers area, northwestern British Columbia

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 958-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek A. Brown ◽  
James M. Logan ◽  
Michael H. Gunning ◽  
Michael J. Orchard ◽  
Wayne E. Bamber
Keyword(s):  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Lower Carboniferous ◽  
Modern Analogue ◽  
Arc Setting ◽  
Coralline Limestone

The Stikine assemblage, the "basement" of Stikinia, extends 500 km along the western flank of the Intermontane Belt, east of younger Coast Belt plutons. Four different stratigraphic successions are characteristic of Lower to Middle Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian rocks in the Stikine and Iskut rivers area. West of Forrest Kerr Creek are penetratively deformed Lower to Middle Devonian island-arc volcaniclastic rocks, coralline limestone, and felsic tuff. Fringing carbonate buildups in an arc setting are best illustrated in the sequence at Round Lake where Lower Carboniferous mafic-dominated, bimodal submarine volcanic rocks grade upward into two distinctive coarse echinoderm limestone units and medial siliceous siltstone and limestone conglomerate. Conodont colour alteration indices for Lower Carboniferous rocks near Newmont Lake indicate an anomalously low-temperature thermal history. Upper Carboniferous–Permian polymictic volcanic conglomerate and Lower Permian limestone overlie these strata there. The Scud River sequence is distinguished by subgreenschist- to greenschist-grade Carboniferous(?) volcanic and sedimentary rocks overlain by a structurally thickened package (greater than 1000 m) of Lower Permian limestone. Local calcalkaline pyroclastic rocks interfinger with limestone near the top of the Scud River sequence. Basinal, shelf, and shallow-water carbonate facies developed in the Early Permian, giving way to calcalkaline volcanism in Late Permian followed by deposition of deep-water chert and argillite.The tectonic setting during the Devonian and Carboniferous is comparable with modern Pacific volcanic arcs and atolls, but there is no modern analogue for the shelf-carbonate accumulation during the Early Permian which characterizes the Stikine assemblage and permits Cordilleran-scale correlations. Permian fusulinid and coral species have very close affinity to those of the McCloud Limestone of the eastern Klamath Mountains, California. Other geologic events common to both Stikinia and the Eastern Klamath terrane are Devonian limestone breccia deposition, Lower Permian limestone accumulation with McCloud faunal affinity, Carboniferous and Permian calcalkaline volcanism, and Upper Permian tuffaceous limestone. Stratigraphic differences include the absence of quartz detritus in Devonian strata and lack of thick Upper Permian volcanic rocks in the Stikine River area.

Late Palaeozoic biogeography of East Asia and palaeontological constraints on plate tectonic reconstructions

1988 ◽  
Vol 326 (1589) ◽  
pp. 189-227 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Plate Tectonic ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Equatorial Latitude ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Late Palaeozoic ◽  
Rugose Coral

Biogeographical patterns of late Palaeozoic rugose coral genera are analysed for the Lower Carboniferous (Visean), early Lower Permian (Asselian/Sakmarian), late Lower Permian (Qixian) and early Upper Permian (Maokoan) of East Asia. Boundaries to the biotic regions are defined to coincide with tectonically significant suture zones to test rival hypotheses about the plate tectonic reconstruction of that region. Three numerical techniques are employed to cluster areas on the basis of shared endemic taxa; parsimony analysis of endemism, principal coordinates analysis and single linkage cluster analysis. Geographical variation in overall diversity is also considered. These results are compared with empirically derived patterns based on other groups of organisms. Major conclusions from this work are as follows, (i) During the Carboniferous and early Permian, the Cathaysian region (North and South China Blocks, Tarim Terrane, Kunlun Terrane, Qiangtang Terrane) formed one cohesive biotic region lying tropically or subtropically; it did not start to fragment until the Upper Permian, (ii) This region was biotically isolated from Central Asia at least during the Carboniferous and Lower Permian, (iii) The southern boundary to the Cathaysian region does not coincide with a single suture zone through time, nor is it sharply defined. Instead there appears to be a gradual faunal impoverishment southwards across the Tibetan Plateau. This implies that faunal ranges are controlled only by the prevailing global climatic regime and not by a geographical barrier, (iv) The Lhasa and Himalaya Terranes shared a similar fauna until the mid-Permian, when a marked faunal disjunction developed coincident with the Zangbo Suture, (v) For terrestrial floras, the barrier to biotic exchange between the North China Block and Angaraland started to break down in the late Permian. It follows that no major oceanic break (‘Palaeotethys’) can be recognized within the Cathaysian region during the late Palaeozoic on palaeontological evidence. This region then formed an integral part of the Gondwanaland craton, extending up into broadly tropical latitudes, and did not become separated from it until the late Lower Permian. The Tienshan-Yinshan Suture is the most likely site of ‘Palaeotethys’, which appears to have occupied a broadly equatorial latitude. Combined with evidence on the ages of the various Asian sutures, this raises significant problems for those who demand a large ocean in their Carboniferous to early Permian palaeogeographical reconstructions of this region.

scholarly journals Radiating Instability of a Meridional Boundary Current

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2294-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hristina G. Hristova ◽  
Joseph Pedlosky ◽  
Michael A. Spall
Keyword(s):  
Western Boundary ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Boundary Current ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Western Boundary Currents ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Boundary Currents ◽  
Zonal Jets ◽  
Eastern Boundary ◽  
Eastern Boundary Current

Abstract A linear stability analysis of a meridional boundary current on the beta plane is presented. The boundary current is idealized as a constant-speed meridional jet adjacent to a semi-infinite motionless far field. The far-field region can be situated either on the eastern or the western side of the jet, representing a western or an eastern boundary current, respectively. It is found that when unstable, the meridional boundary current generates temporally growing propagating waves that transport energy away from the locally unstable region toward the neutral far field. This is the so-called radiating instability and is found in both barotropic and two-layer baroclinic configurations. A second but important conclusion concerns the differences in the stability properties of eastern and western boundary currents. An eastern boundary current supports a greater number of radiating modes over a wider range of meridional wavenumbers. It generates waves with amplitude envelopes that decay slowly with distance from the current. The radiating waves tend to have an asymmetrical horizontal structure—they are much longer in the zonal direction than in the meridional, a consequence of which is that unstable eastern boundary currents, unlike western boundary currents, have the potential to act as a source of zonal jets for the interior of the ocean.

The rise and fall of late Paleozoic trilobites of the United States

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Brezinski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1

Based on range data and generic composition, four stages of evolution are recognized for late Paleozoic trilobites of the contiguous United States. Stage 1 occurs in the Lower Mississippian (Kinderhookian-Osagean) and is characterized by a generically diverse association of short-ranging, stenotopic species that are strongly provincial. Stage 2 species are present in the Upper Mississippian and consist of a single, eurytopic, pandemic genus, Paladin. Species of Stage 2 are much longer-ranging than those of Stage 1, and some species may have persisted for as long as 12 m.y. Stage 3 is present within Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian strata and consists initially of the eurytopic, endemic genera Sevillia and Ameura as well as the pandemic genus Ditomopyge. During the middle Pennsylvanian the very long-ranging species Ameura missouriensis and Ditomopyge scitula survived for more than 20 m.y. During the late Pennsylvanian and early Permian, a number of pandemic genera appear to have immigrated into what is now North America. Stage 4 is restricted to the Upper Permian (late Leonardian-Guadalupian) strata and is characterized by short-ranging, stenotopic, provincial genera.The main causal factor controlling the four-stage evolution of late Paleozoic trilobites of the United States is interpreted to be eustacy. Whereas Stage 1 represents an adaptive radiation developed during the Lower Mississippian inundation of North America by the Kaskaskia Sequence, Stage 2 is present in strata deposited during the regression of the Kaskaskia sea. Stage 3 was formed during the transgression and stillstand of the Absaroka Sequence and, although initially endemic, Stage 3 faunas are strongly pandemic in the end when oceanic circulation patterns were at a maximum. A mid-Leonardian sea-level drop caused the extinction of Stage 3 fauna. Sea-level rise near the end of the Leonardian and into the Guadalupian created an adaptive radiation of stentopic species of Stage 4 that quickly became extinct with the latest Permian regression.

The Clipper Field, Blocks 48/19a, 48/19c, UK North Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
M. J. Sarginson
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Matrix Permeability ◽  
Recoverable Reserves ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Sandstone Formation

AbstractThe Clipper Gas Field is a moderate-sized faulted anticlinal trap located in Blocks 48/19a, 48/19c and 48/20a within the Sole Pit area of the southern North Sea Gas Basin. The reservoir is formed by the Lower Permian Leman Sandstone Formation, lying between truncated Westphalian Coal Measures and the Upper Permian evaporitic Zechstein Group which form source and seal respectively. Reservoir permeability is very low, mainly as a result of compaction and diagenesis which accompanied deep burial of the Sole Pit Trough, a sub basin within the main gas basin. The Leman Sandstone Formation is on average about 715 ft thick, laterally heterogeneous and zoned vertically with the best reservoir properties located in the middle of the formation. Porosity is fair with a field average of 11.1%. Matrix permeability, however, is less than one millidarcy on average. Well productivity depends on intersecting open natural fractures or permeable streaks within aeolian dune slipface sandstones. Field development started in 1988. 24 development wells have been drilled to date. Expected recoverable reserves are 753 BCF.

scholarly journals The Waitsia Field, onshore North Perth Basin, Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Tupper ◽  
Eric Matthews ◽  
Gareth Cooper ◽  
Andy Furniss ◽  
Tim Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Primary Porosity

The Waitsia Field represents a new commercial play for the onshore north Perth Basin with potential to deliver substantial reserves and production to the domestic gas market. The discovery was made in 2014 by deepening of the Senecio–3 appraisal well to evaluate secondary reservoir targets. The well successfully delineated the extent of the primary target in the Upper Permian Dongara and Wagina sandstones of the Senecio gas field but also encountered a combination of good-quality and tight gas pay in the underlying Lower Permian Kingia and High Cliff sandstones. The drilling of the Waitsia–1 and Waitsia–2 wells in 2015, and testing of Senecio-3 and Waitsia-1, confirmed the discovery of a large gas field with excellent flow characteristics. Wireline log and pressure data define a gross gas column in excess of 350 m trapped within a low-side fault closure that extends across 50 km2. The occurrence of good-quality reservoir in the depth interval 3,000–3,800 m is diagenetically controlled with clay rims inhibiting quartz cementation and preserving excellent primary porosity. Development planning for Waitsia has commenced with the likelihood of an early production start-up utilising existing wells and gas processing facilities before ramp-up to full-field development. The dry gas will require minimal processing, and access to market is facilitated by the Dampier–Bunbury and Parmelia gas pipelines that pass directly above the field. The Waitsia Field is believed to be the largest conventional Australian onshore discovery for more than 30 years and provides impetus and incentive for continued exploration in mature and frontier basins. The presence of good-quality reservoir and effective fault seal was unexpected and emphasise the need to consider multiple geological scenarios and to test unorthodox ideas with the drill bit.

scholarly journals Charcoal remains from a tonstein layer in the Faxinal Coalfield, Lower Permian, southern Paraná Basin, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Jasper ◽  
Dieter Uhl ◽  
Margot Guerra-Sommer ◽  
Abdalla M. B Abu Hamad ◽  
Neli T. G Machado
Keyword(s):  
Lower Permian ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Ash Fall ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Parana Basin

Fossil charcoal has been discovered in the Faxinal Coalfield, Early Permian, Rio Bonito Formation, in the southernmost portion of the Paraná Basin, Brazil. Three types of pycnoxylic gymnosperm woods recovered from a single tonstein layer are described and confirm the occurrence of paleowildfire in this area. A decrease of the charcoal concentration from the base to the top within the tonstein layer indicates that the amount of fuel declined during the deposition probably due to the consumption of vegetation by the fire. The presence of inertinite in coals overlying and underlying the tonstein layer indicates that fire-events were not restricted to the ash fall interval. The integration of the new data presented in the current study with previously published data for the Faxinal Coalfield demonstrates that volcanic events that occurred in the surrounding areas can be identified as one potential source of ignition for the wildfires. The presence of charcoal in Permian sediments associated with coal levels at different localities demonstrates that wildfires have been relatively common events in the peat-forming environments in which the coal formation took place in the Paraná Basin.

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