3D microstructure characterisation of tight reservoir rocks and effective recoverable reserve estimation

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Sam Yang ◽  
Yudan Wang ◽  
Sherry Mayo ◽  
Andrew Tulloh ◽  
Keyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Sample ◽  
Quantitative Relation ◽  
Pore Throat ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Reserve Estimation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
3D Microstructure ◽  
Tight Reservoir ◽  
Recoverable Reserve

A data-constrained modelling (DCM) approach has been developed at CSIRO, which enables 3D characterisation of pores and mineral phase distributions using quantitative multi-energy synchrotron CT. For a tight reservoir, such as a carbonate limestone or a shale rock, DCM can generate microscopic partial volume distributions of materials and pores which are the effects of the fine length scales below X-ray CT resolution. Using this information, a quantitative relation between recoverable reserve and pore-throat size can be established for a rock sample. The technique can also be used for characterisation of other unconventional reservoir rocks.

Characteristics of nano-sized pore-throat in unconventional tight reservoir rocks and its scientific value

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Caineng Zou ◽  
Songtao Wu ◽  
Shizhen Tao ◽  
Lianhua Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Throat ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Tight Reservoir ◽  
Scientific Value

scholarly journals Visualising the 3D microstructure of stained and native intervertebral discs using X-ray microtomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Disney ◽  
K. Madi ◽  
A. J. Bodey ◽  
P. D. Lee ◽  
J. A. Hoyland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Microstructure

Graph cuts and neural networks for segmentation and porosity quantification in Synchrotron Radiation X-ray μCT of an igneous rock sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Alvarenga de Moura Meneses ◽  
Dayara Bastos Palheta ◽  
Christiano Jorge Gomes Pinheiro ◽  
Regina Cely Rodrigues Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Igneous Rock ◽  
Rock Sample ◽  
Graph Cuts ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals A crystallographic study of crystalline casts and pseudomorphs from the 3.5 Ga Dresser Formation, Pilbara Craton (Australia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermin Otálora ◽  
A. Mazurier ◽  
J. M. Garcia-Ruiz ◽  
M. J. Van Kranendonk ◽  
E. Kotopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geological History ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallographic Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Pilbara Craton

Crystallography has a long history of providing knowledge and methods for applications in other disciplines. The identification of minerals using X-ray diffraction is one of the most important contributions of crystallography to earth sciences. However, when the crystal itself has been dissolved, replaced or deeply modified during the geological history of the rocks, diffraction information is not available. Instead, the morphology of the crystal cast provides the only crystallographic information on the original mineral phase and the environment of crystal growth. This article reports an investigation of crystal pseudomorphs and crystal casts found in a carbonate-chert facies from the 3.48 Ga-old Dresser Formation (Pilbara Craton, Australia), considered to host some of the oldest remnants of life. A combination of X-ray microtomography, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and crystallographic methods has been used to reveal the original phases of these Archean pseudomorphs. It is found with a high degree of confidence that the original crystals forming in Archean times were hollow aragonite, the high-temperature polymorphs of calcium carbonate, rather than other possible alternatives such as gypsum (CaSO4·2H20) and nahcolite (NaHCO3). The methodology used is described in detail.

scholarly journals Effect of Cr on the Mineral Structure and Composition of Cement Clinker and Its Solidification Behavior

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1529
Author(s):  
Haihong Fan ◽  
Mengqi Lv ◽  
Xiaosha Wang ◽  
Jianmin Xiao ◽  
Xiaofan Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Content ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Magic Angle ◽  
Solidification Behavior ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Metal Solidification ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxygen Tetrahedron ◽  
Silicon Oxygen

In order to reveal the solidification behavior of Cr in the cement clinker mineral phase, 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the morphology and composition of the cement clinker mineral phase doped with Cr. The results showed that the addition of Cr did not change the chemical environment of 29Si in the clinker mineral phase, and it was still an isolated silicon–oxygen tetrahedron. Cr affected the orientation of the silicon–oxygen tetrahedron and the coordination number of calcium, leading to the formation of defects in the crystal structure of the clinker mineral phase, by replacing Ca2+ into the mineral phase lattice to form a new mineral phase Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3. Cr acted as a stabilizer for the formation of β-C2S in the clinker calcination. As the amount of Cr increased, the relative content of C3S decreased and the relative content of C2S increased. Further, Cr easily dissolved in C2S, while it was not found in C3S. This study is conducive to further research on the mechanism of heavy metal solidification in cement clinker. Furthermore, it is important to evaluate the environmental risk of heavy metals in the process of sludge disposal through cement kiln and promote the utilization of sludge resources and the sustainable development of the cement industry.

Comprehensive characterization of TSV etching performance with phase-contrast X-ray microtomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1023-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Biao Deng ◽  
Haipeng Zhang ◽  
Fucheng Yu ◽  
Yanling Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Phase Retrieval ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Microstructure

Comprehensive evaluation of through-silicon via (TSV) reliability often requires deterministic and 3D descriptions of local morphological and statistical features of via formation with the Bosch process. Here, a highly sensitive phase-contrast X-ray microtomography approach is presented based on recorrection of abnormal projections, which provides comprehensive and quantitative characterization of TSV etching performance. The key idea is to replace the abnormal projections at specific angles in principles of linear interpolation of neighboring projections, and to distinguish the interface between silicon and air by using phase-retrieval algorithms. It is demonstrated that such a scheme achieves high accuracy in obtaining the etch profile based on the 3D microstructure of the vias, including diameter, bottom curvature radius, depth and sidewall angle. More importantly, the 3D profile error of the via sidewall and the consistency of parameters among all the vias are achieved and analyzed statistically. The datasets in the results and the 3D microstructure can be applied directly to a reference and model for further finite element analysis. This method is general and has potentially broad applications in 3D integrated circuits.

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