Application of chemostratigraphy to the Mungaroo Formation, the Gorgon field, offshore northwest Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Ratcliffe ◽  
Milly Wright ◽  
Paul Montgomery ◽  
Andy Palfrey ◽  
Adam Vonk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Sediment Provenance ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Models ◽  
Stratigraphic Architecture ◽  
Sustained Change ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Major Hydrocarbon

The Mungaroo Formation in the Gorgon Field is a stratigraphically complex fluvial system of Triassic age. It is also a major hydrocarbon reservoir, therefore understanding its internal stratigraphic architecture is of paramount importance to exploitation of its reserves. Here, the technique of chemostratigraphy is used to construct a correlation framework for the Mungaroo Formation of the Gorgon Field. Chemostratigraphy is a tool that employs variations in inorganic whole rock geochemistry to enable the characterisation and subsequent correlation of sediments. For this study, a total of 1,514 cuttings and core samples from eight wells in the Gorgon Field have been analysed. Using data derived from both claystone and sandstone lithologies, the Mungaroo Formation is divided into nine chemostratigraphic packages, 22 geochemical units and 19 sand units. Additionally, three surfaces identified as time lines (T1–T3) are geochemically defined. Changes in values of Ga/Rb and Al2O3/(CaO+ MgO+K2O+Na2O) indicate that during deposition of the Mungaroo Formation, the paleoclimate became warmer and wetter, resulting in increasingly intense hydrolytic weathering. Steps in the values of these ratios allow three surfaces to be identified (T1–T3), at which there is a marked and sustained change in the paleoclimate. These three surfaces represent time lines that provide a quasi-chronostratigraphic framework for the formation. Values of Cr/Al2O3, Cr/Na2O and Nb/Al2O3 are related to changes in sediment provenance and indicate that during deposition of the Mungaroo Formation the provenance became more mafic and less intermediate. It is variations in paleoclimate and provenance modelled from the geochemical data that allows the packages, units and sand units to be characterised and correlated. The chemostratigraphic correlation is more detailed than is available from other stratigraphic techniques. Although in most instances the lithostratigraphic correlation of sand units based on wireline log correlation matches the one defined using chemostratigraphy, there are some significant differences between the two that influence reservoir models and gas production.

scholarly journals Electoral Incentives and the Allocation of Public Funds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Finan ◽  
Maurizio Mazzocco
Keyword(s):  
Electoral System ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Electoral Incentives ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Politicians allocate public resources in ways that maximize political gains, and potentially at the cost of lower welfare. In this paper, we quantify these welfare costs in the context of Brazil’s federal legislature, which grants its members a budget to fund public projects within their states. Using data from the state of Roraima, we estimate a model of politicians’ allocation decisions and find that 26.8% of the public funds allocated by legislators are distorted relative to a social planner’s allocation. We then use the model to simulate three potential policy reforms to the electoral system: the adoption of approval voting, imposing a one-term limit, and redistricting. We find that a one-term limit and redistricting are both effective at reducing distortions. The one-term limit policy, however, increases corruption, which makes it a welfare-reducing policy.

Cycles in symbol production? A new model to explain concentration, diversity and innovation in the music industry

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christianen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
New Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

With the publication of the article ‘Cycles in symbol production’ (Peterson and Berger 1975) a discussion started concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the production of cultural goods under market conditions. The analysis by Peterson and Berger showed a negative correlation between concentration in the recording industry, on the one hand, and the diversity and innovativeness of the music, on the other. Repetition of the analysis using data from the 1980s (Burnett 1990; Lopes 1992) has shown that for this period Peterson and Berger's hypotheses should be rejected. Is there a connection between concentration and diversity and innovation? Are there cycles in symbol production? There seems to be no conclusive answer. In this article, I will attempt to clear up this matter. First, I will repeat the analysis of the relation between concentration and diversity/innovation, using the same model as Peterson and Berger, but with different definitions for the variables concentration, diversity and innovation. Then I will suggest a new model, which can be helpful in uncovering other factors influencing diversity and innovation in the music industry. I will come to that later. Let me first give the reader a brief overview of previous research.

scholarly journals Fluid pressure arrival-time tomography: Estimation and assessment in the presence of inequality constraints with an application to production at the Krechba field, Algeria

Geophysics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. O39-O55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Rucci ◽  
D. W. Vasco ◽  
Fabrizio Novali
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Inequality Constraints ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Peak Displacement ◽  
Geomechanical Properties ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
Using Data

Deformation in the overburden proves useful in deducing spatial and temporal changes in the volume of a producing reservoir. Based on these changes, we have estimated diffusive traveltimes associated with the transient flow due to production, and then, as the solution of a linear inverse problem, the effective permeability of the reservoir. An advantage of the approach based on traveltimes, as opposed to one based on the amplitude of surface deformation, is that it is much less sensitive to the exact geomechanical properties of the reservoir and overburden. Inequalities constrain the inversion, under the assumption that the fluid production only results in pore volume decreases within the reservoir. The formulation has been applied to satellite-based estimates of deformation in the material overlying a thin gas production zone at the Krechba field in Algeria. The peak displacement after three years of gas production is found to be approximately [Formula: see text], overlying the eastern margin of the anticlinal structure defining the gas field. Using data from 15 irregularly spaced images of range change, we have calculated the diffusive traveltimes associated with the startup of a gas production well. The inequality constraints were incorporated into the estimates of model parameter resolution and covariance, improving the resolution by roughly 30% to 40%.

Bending with the Wind: Revisiting Islamist Parties’ Electoral Dilemma

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kadir Yildirim ◽  
Caroline M. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Support Level ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIslamist parties' electoral performance is a hotly debated question. Two arguments dominate the literature in terms of Islamist parties' performance in democratic elections. The conventional argument has been the “one man, one vote, one time” hypothesis. More recently, Kurzman and Naqvi challenge this argument and show that Islamists tend to lose in free elections rather than win them. We argue that existing arguments fall short. Specifically, we theorize that moderateness of Islamist platform plays a key role in increasing the popularity of these parties and leads to higher levels of electoral support. Using data collected by Kurzman and Naqvi, we test our hypothesis, controlling for political platform and political economic factors in a quantitative analysis. We find that there is empirical support for our theory. Islamist parties' support level is positively associated with moderateness; however, this positive effect of moderation is also conditioned by economic openness.

scholarly journals A step towards unraveling the paleogeographic attribution of pre-Mesozoic basement complexes in the Western Alps based on U–Pb geochronology of Permian magmatism

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Ballèvre ◽  
Audrey Camonin ◽  
Paola Manzotti ◽  
Marc Poujol
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Alkaline Magmatism ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Calc Alkaline ◽  
Alpine Orogeny ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Part ◽  
The One

Abstract The Briançonnais Domain (Western Alps) represented the thinned continental margin facing the Piemonte-Liguria Ocean, later shortened during the Alpine orogeny. In the external part of the External Briançonnais Domain (Zone Houillère), the Palaeozoic basement displays microdioritic intrusions into Carboniferous sediments and andesitic volcanics resting on top of the Carboniferous sediments. These magmatic rocks are analysed at two well-known localities (Guil volcanics and Combarine sill). Geochemical data show that the two occurrences belong to the same calc-alkaline association. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb ages have been obtained for the Guil volcanics (zircon: 291.3 ± 2.0 Ma and apatite: 287.5 ± 2.6 Ma), and the Combarine sill (zircon: 295.9 ± 2.6 Ma and apatite: 288.0 ± 4.5 Ma). These ages show that the calc-alkaline magmatism is of Early Permian age. During Alpine orogeny, a low-grade metamorphism, best recorded by lawsonite-bearing veins in the Guil andesites, took place at about 0.4 GPa, 350 °C in the External Briançonnais and Alpine metamorphism was not able to reset the U–Pb system in apatite. The Late Palaeozoic history of the Zone Houillère is identical to the one recorded in the Pinerolo Unit, located further East in the Dora-Maira Massif, and having experienced a garnet-blueschist metamorphism during the Alpine orogeny. The comparison of these two units allows for a better understanding of the link between the Palaeozoic basements, mostly subducted during the Alpine convergence, and their Mesozoic covers, generally detached at an early stage of the convergence history.

Corruption accounting and growth: towards a new methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Martin Grandes ◽  
Ariel Coremberg
Keyword(s):  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Endogenous Growth Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate empirically that corruption causes significant and sizeable macroeconomic costs to countries in terms of economic activity and economic growth. The authors modeled corruption building on the endogenous growth literature and finally estimated the baseline (bribes paid to public officials) macroeconomic cost of corruption using Argentina 2004-2015 as a case study. Design/methodology/approach The authors laid the foundations of a new methodology to account corruption losses using data from the national accounts and judiciary investigations within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) non-observed economy (NOE) instead of subjective indicators as in the earlier literature. They also suggested a new method to compute public expenditures overruns, including but not limited to public works. Findings The authors found the costs stand at a minimum accumulated rate of 8 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) or 0.8 per cent yearly. These findings provided a corruption cost floor and were consistent with earlier research on world corruption losses estimated at 5 per cent by the World Economic Forum and with the losses estimated at between a yearly rate of 1.3 and 4 per cent and 2 per cent of GDP by Brazil and Peru’s corruption, respectively. Research limitations/implications The authors would need to extend the application of their new suggested methodology to further countries. They are working on this. They would need to develop the methodology in full to compute the public works overruns input to future econometric work. Originality/value In this paper, the authors make a threefold contribution to the literature on corruption and growth: first, they laid the foundations toward a new methodology to make an accounting of the corruption costs in terms of GDP consistent with the national accounts and executed budgets; on the one hand, and the OECD NOE framework, on the other. The authors named those corruption costs as percentage of GDP the “corruption wedge.” Second, they developed an example taking corruption events and a component of their total costs, namely, the bribes paid to public officials, taking Argentina 2004-2015 as a case study. Finally, they plugged the estimated wedge back into an endogenous growth model and calibrated the growth–corruption path simulating two economies where the total factor productivity was different, at different levels of the corruption wedge.

scholarly journals Do Evaluative Pressures and Group Identification Cultivate Competitive Orientations and Cynical Attitudes Among Academics?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Ethical Climate ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

AbstractThis article theorizes and analyzes how two aspects of the increasing accountingization of academia in the form of evaluative pressures and group identification, independently and interactively, work to cultivate academics’ self-interest for their social interactions with the scientific community, forming them to adopt more competitive orientations and cynical attitudes. Using data of a large number of faculty members from the 17 universities in Sweden, it is shown that evaluative pressures and group identification perceived by academics jointly reinforce each other (interact) in affecting their competitive orientation, and that group identification strengthens (moderates) the positive relation between evaluative pressures and academics’ rivalry notions and cynical attitudes. It is shown, contributing further to research on performance evaluation and the cultivation of self-interest and an egoistic ethical climate in academia, that it is evaluative pressures from peers rather than from performance measurements that are the major driver of an individual’s competitive (less cooperative) orientation and cynical attitudes. It is also concluded that while evaluative pressures are related to an increase in academics' competitive orientations, which may be viewed as an intended effect from control designers in universities, such an orientation is inversely related to cooperativeness and openness toward others and goes hand in hand with an increase in having cynical attitudes about peers and the work environment. Control designers in universities may thus not be able to have the one without the other, something that raises ethical concerns for academic leaders to reflect upon when aiming at cultivating self-interest orientations of academics.

scholarly journals Geriatric teaching in Brazilian medical schools in 2013 and considerations regarding adjustment to demographic and epidemiological transition

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Conceição Norbim Prado Cunha ◽  
Natália Norbim Prado Cunha ◽  
Maira Tonidandel Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Southeast Region ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Elderly Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

Summary Objective: This study aims to describe the profile of medical schools that introduced courses on Geriatrics and Elderly Health or Aging in their curriculum, and compare such information with the age distribution and health epidemiological data of the Brazilian population, using data until the year of 2013. Methods: 180 universities offering medical undergraduate courses and registered with the Ministry of Education and Culture of Brazil (MEC) were found, as seen on the MEC website (www.emec.mec.gov.br) in February 2013. Based on the list of institutions, the authors created a database. Results: Brazil's Southeast region is the one presenting most of the courses, both offered as core or elective subjects, in the area of Geriatrics. The Midwest region had the least offer of Geriatrics and Elderly Health and Care courses. The Southeast region presents the greater absolute number of institutions with elective subjects, followed by the South and Northeast regions, each with a single institution. The Southeast region was at the same time the one that presented the biggest absolute number of institutions offering core subjects in the area of Geriatrics, being followed by the Northeast, South, North, and Midwest regions. Conclusion: By analyzing the availability of courses that emphasize aging and Geriatrics in brazilian medical schools, the present study reveals that specialized training should be encouraged with respect to the specificities of health care given to the elderly population, which has a higher frequency of chronic and degenerative diseases.

Healthy cities and instrumental leisure: the paradox of fitness gyms as urban phenomena

Modern Italy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Sassatelli
Keyword(s):  
Large Cities ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Natural Solution ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cultural Location ◽  
Active Recreation

As urbanisation has come to characterise contemporary societies, large cities have become quite ambivalent places for the human species: they are removing the human body from its perceived natural condition, while increasingly attempting to provide a cure for the ills of a sedentary life. Fitness gyms are presented as the ‘natural' solution to our ‘unnatural' lifestyle as urban dwellers and as a therapeutic fix to the ills of metropolitan living. This paper deploys a mix of qualitative methods (ethnographic observation, interviews and discourse analysis) to explore fitness culture as an urban phenomenon. Using data from Italy and the UK, it develops a micro-sociology of the spatiality of the gym that helps to approach this institution from within, deconstructing those claims which contribute to its cultural location as a key ingredient in contemporary urban lifestyles. The paper first looks at how fitness culture is negotiated through the marshalling of structured variety within the spatiality and temporality of gyms. It then explores the specificity of fitness as urban, instrumental leisure as compared with other forms of active recreation or sports available in urban contexts. It finally considers, on the one hand, the way in which fitness activities are continuously renovated, drawing on the fields of both sport and popular culture and, on the other, the kind of subjectivity and embodiment that fitness culture normatively sustains.

A Peculiar Interpretation of the Constitutional Principle of “One Person, One Vote” in Poland: Voter (In)equality in the Elections to 1,200 Local Legislatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-738
Author(s):  
Michał Pierzgalski ◽  
Paweł Stępień
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
State Level ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Local Election ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Venice Commission ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Ideal

The adoption of new redistricting plans for the 2014 elections to local legislatures in Poland resulted in significant violations of the “one person, one vote” principle. This article shows the results of the first comparative study measuring within-country variation of voter inequality, using data from the 2014 Polish local elections to 1,200 commune or municipal councils, that is, local legislatures. Voter inequality is usually examined at the country or state level, while studies that take into account within-country variation of malapportionment, using local election data, are neglected by scholars. To put our research in a broader context, we compared levels of malapportionment in Poland with internationally recognized standards (contained, e.g., in the Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters issued by the Venice Commission) as to the acceptable levels of deviations from the “ideal” population, and also with empirical findings on the levels of voter inequality in other countries. We argue that the significant vote–value disparities in elections to commune councils in Poland result primarily from the disadvantages of the Polish 2011 Election Code. When it comes to local legislature elections in the vast majority of communes that are not the so-called county-status towns, the legally permitted deviation from the ideal district population ranges from +50 percent to −50 percent. Even considering the standards of redistricting for local elections, the interpretation of the “one person, one vote” principle is rather peculiar in Polish commune elections.

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