GEOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE OF MULTIPLE HYDROCARBON CHARGES AND LONG DISTANCE OIL MIGRATION IN THE VULCAN SUB-BASIN, TIMOR SEA

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Liu ◽  
S. Fenton ◽  
T. Bastow ◽  
B. van Aarssen ◽  
P. Eadington
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Oil Migration ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Apparent Correlation ◽  
Timor Sea ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charge ◽  
Source Kitchen

Hydrocarbon accumulation and migration processes in the Vulcan Sub-basin, Timor Sea, were investigated using the Total Scanning Fluorescence (TSF) technique and phenol and carbazole abundances in both reservoired and inclusion oils. The TSF spectral signatures have delineated multiple groups of oils within the Vulcan Sub-basin, largely identifying with the different oil families previously identified by biomarkers and isotope data. An apparent correlation between diminishing carbazole concentration and increasing distance from the source kitchen was found in reservoired oils within the Vulcan Sub-basin, providing evidence for long distance oil migration of up to 80 km. In the southernmost part of the Vulcan Sub-basin a possible light hydrocarbon charge rich in benzene and other low-molecular-weight aromatic hydrocarbons is believed to be responsible for the observed anomalously high phenol concentrations in oils from the surrounding wells. A previously unknown, possibly a Cretaceous-or-younger, source kitchen may be present along the eastern margin of the Vulcan Sub-basin and was probably responsible for the palaeo oil accumulations in the Tancred and Osprey structures as revealed by the TSF spectral signatures and biomarkers from the fluid inclusion oils.

Systematics, Biogeography, and Morphological Character Evolution of the Hemiepiphytic Subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zuluaga ◽  
Martin Llano ◽  
Ken Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
R Package ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Tropics

The subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae) is the third richest clade in the family, with ca. 369 described species and ca. 700 estimated. It comprises mostly hemiepiphytic or epiphytic plants restricted to the tropics, with three intercontinental disjunctions. Using a dataset representing all 12 genera in Monsteroideae (126 taxa), and five plastid and two nuclear markers, we studied the systematics and historical biogeography of the group. We found high support for the monophyly of the three major clades (Spathiphylleae sister to Heteropsis Kunth and Rhaphidophora Hassk. clades), and for six of the genera within Monsteroideae. However, we found low rates of variation in the DNA sequences used and a lack of molecular markers suitable for species-level phylogenies in the group. We also performed ancestral state reconstruction of some morphological characters traditionally used for genera delimitation. Only seed shape and size, number of seeds, number of locules, and presence of endosperm showed utility in the classification of genera in Monsteroideae. We estimated ancestral ranges using a dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis model as implemented in the R package BioGeoBEARS and found evidence for a Gondwanan origin of the clade. One tropical disjunction (Monstera Adans. sister to Amydrium Schott–Epipremnum Schott) was found to be the product of a previous Boreotropical distribution. Two other disjunctions are more recent and likely due to long-distance dispersal: Spathiphyllum Schott (with Holochlamys Engl. nested within) represents a dispersal from South America to the Pacific Islands in Southeast Asia, and Rhaphidophora represents a dispersal from Asia to Africa. Future studies based on stronger phylogenetic reconstructions and complete morphological datasets are needed to explore the details of speciation and migration within and among areas in Asia.

War Captives, Left-Behind Wives, and Buddhist Nuns: Female Migrants in Early Medieval China (4th–6th Century CE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Wen-Yi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Textual Representations ◽  
Medieval China ◽  
Gender And Migration ◽  
Early Medieval China ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Northern Wei ◽  
Distance Travel

Abstract Using received texts and excavated funerary epitaphs, this article examines the intricacies of gender and migration in early medieval China by exploring women's long-distance mobility from the fourth century to the sixth century, when what is now known as China was divided by the Northern Wei and a succession of four southern states—the Eastern Jin, Liu-Song, Southern Qi, and Liang. I focus on three types of migration in which women participated during this period: war-induced migration, family reunification, and religious journeys. Based on this analysis, I propose answers to two important questions: the connection between migration and the state, and textual representations of migrants. Though the texts under consideration are usually written in an anecdotal manner, the references to women, I argue, both reveals nuances in perceptions of womanhood at the time and elucidates the contexts within—and through—which long-distance travel became possible for women.

scholarly journals Effect of WC/Ni–Cr additive on changes in the composition of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina S. Pevneva ◽  
Natalya G. Voronetskaya ◽  
Nikita N. Sviridenko ◽  
Anatoly K. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Atmospheric Residue ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Catalytic Additive ◽  
Sulfur Containing Compounds

AbstractThe paper presents the results of investigation of changes in the composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking in the presence of a tungsten carbide–nickel–chromium (WC/Ni–Cr) catalytic additive and without it. The cracking is carried out in an autoclave at 500 °C for 30 min. The addition of the WC/Ni–Cr additive promotes the deepening of reactions of destruction not only of resins and asphaltenes, but also high molecular weight naphthene-aromatic compounds of the atmospheric residue. It is shown that the content of low molecular weight C9–C17 n-alkanes and C9–C10 alkylbenzenes rose sharply in the products of cracking with addition of WC/Ni–Cr in comparison with those produced without the additive. Alkyl- and naphthene-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene series, polyarenes, benzo- and dibenzothiophenes are identified.

Extraction of low molecular weight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from ashes of coal-operated power plants

1987 ◽  
Vol 59 (17) ◽  
pp. 2066-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo. Mangani ◽  
Achille. Cappiello ◽  
Giancarlo. Crescentini ◽  
Fabrizio. Bruner ◽  
Loretta. Bonfanti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

scholarly journals The dematerialization of telecommunication: communication centres and peripheries in Europe and the world, 1850–1920

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Wenzlhuemer
Keyword(s):  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Global Communication ◽  
Communication Structure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Interregional Trade ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
History Information ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Global Data

AbstractInterregional communication has been a key constituent of the process of globalization since its very origins. For most of its history, information has moved between world regions and along the routes according to the rationales established by interregional trade and migration. The dematerialization of telecommunication in the late eighteenth and nineteenth century eventually detached long-distance information transmission from transport and transformed the global communication structure. New communication centres (and new peripheries) emerged. Some regions moved closer to the global data stream than others. It is still unclear how such different degrees of global connectivity impacted on local development. This essay contributes to the identification and valuation of global communication centres and peripheries in order to provide suitable candidates for future case studies. To this end, statistical data on the development of domestic telegraph networks in selected countries has been analysed and interpreted. In a second step, Social Network Analysis methods have been employed to measure the centrality of almost three hundred cities and towns in the European telecommunication network of the early twentieth century.‘You cannot not communicate.’Paul Watzlawick

scholarly journals On the interrelations between migration and commuting

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Vojvodina Province

In this paper, we emphasise the significance of studying the interrelations between commuting and migration. The aim of the paper is to point out the factors which affect these interrelations (demographic and socio-economic characteristics of migrants and commuters, labour market, real estate market, information, life style, etc.), with the special emphasis on the role of commuting distance onto the chosen mobility type. Besides theorethical frameworks and results of the selected foreign researches up to date, the overview of research of interrelations between migration and commuting in Serbia has also been presented. While earlier studies conducted by Gawryszenski (1978), Termote (1980) and Reitsma&Vergoossen (1987) pointed to the replacement of migration types between each other within country, in recent literature the interaction between migration and commuting has been studied in a trans-boundary context of the contemporary EU. Modern trend of long distance commuting instead of migration and the concept of substitution/replacement regarding migration and commuting have also been discussed. In Serbia, there is a positive correlation between commuting outflows and immigration in rural settlements of Vojvodina province. Namely, commuting and migration are complement, which is the characteristic of both processes sub-urbanisation and ex-urbanisation (Lukic, 2012). In addition to ownership of real estate and previous migration experience, marital status influenced the chosen mobility type in Serbia as well. Adjustment to changes of Serbian labour market is mostly conducted via migration (Miletic, Lukic, Miljanovic, 2011). Interrelations between migration and commuting are very significant due to the tendency of transformation of some commuters into migrants. This process has its consequences, both on demographic as well as the overall socio-economic development of the area of commuters? origin and destination. However, even though the surveys conducted in Serbia during the 1980s showed that around 30 per cent of commuters expressed desire to move to their place of work, the degree of realization of these intentions remained unknown. While in some countries traffic studies and data from the management of the enterprises are used as sources of data on commuting, the studies on the commuter population in Serbia are based solely onto two types of data sources. These are census and poll surveys. Although they have more potential than the official statistics for the analysis of the links between migration and commuting and other characteristics of commuters, poll surveys on this topic in Serbia are relatively rare due to financial and organizational obstacles. Indeed, the last major survey was conducted in the 1980s. Therefore, even though the interrelations between migration and commuting have been confirmed, there is still a lot of space for their research indicating the need for further methodology developments in researching these types of population mobility.

North European Rock Art

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Goldhahn
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Migration Period ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Bronze Age

This chapter offers a long-term perspective on rock art in northern Europe. It first provides an overview of research on the rock art traditions of northern Europe before discussing the societies and cultures that created such traditions. It then considers examples of rock art made by hunter-gatherer societies in northern Europe, focusing on the first rock art boom related to Neolithization. It also examines the second rock art boom, which was associated with social and religious changes within farming communities that took place around 1600–1400 bc. The chapter concludes by analysing the breakdown of long-distance networks in the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age and its consequences for the making of rock art within the southern traditions, as well as the use of rock art sites during the Pre-Roman Iron Age, Roman Iron Age, and Migration Period.

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins Inhibit CCL21-Induced T Cell Adhesion and Migration

2002 ◽  
Vol 302 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent W. Christopherson ◽  
James J. Campbell ◽  
Jeffrey B. Travers ◽  
Robert A. Hromas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparins ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
T Cell Adhesion

scholarly journals Climate change relaxes the time constraints for late-born offspring in a long-distance migrant

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1839) ◽  
pp. 20161366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Tomotani ◽  
Phillip Gienapp ◽  
Domien G. M. Beersma ◽  
Marcel E. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Hatch Date ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
And Migration

Animals in seasonal environments need to fit their annual-cycle stages, such as moult and migration, in a tight schedule. Climate change affects the phenology of organisms and causes advancements in timing of these annual-cycle stages but not necessarily at the same rates. For migratory birds, this can lead to more severe or more relaxed time constraints in the time from fledging to migration, depending on the relative shifts of the different stages. We tested how a shift in hatch date, which has advanced due to climate change, impacts the organization of the birds' whole annual cycle. We experimentally advanced and delayed the hatch date of pied flycatcher chicks in the field and then measured the timing of their annual-cycle stages in a controlled laboratory environment. Hatch date affected the timing of moult and pre-migratory fattening, but not migration. Early-born birds hence had a longer time to fatten up than late-born ones; the latter reduced their interval between onset of fattening and migration to be able to migrate at the same time as the early-born birds. This difference in time constraints for early- and late-born individuals may explain why early-born offspring have a higher probability to recruit as a breeding bird. Climate change-associated advancements of avian egg-lay dates, which in turn advances hatch dates, can thus reduce the negative fitness consequences of reproducing late, thereby reducing the selection for early egg-laying migratory birds.

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