THE NEGOTIATED PRICE OF CERTAINTY—RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NATIVE TITLE AGREEMENTS AFFECTING THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
E.J. Vickery
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Native Title ◽  
Negotiated Agreements ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Cooper Basin

Development of Native Title agreements for Petroleum continues in parallel with the release of Court decisions on the law of Native Title. Negotiated agreements for three bidding rounds in the South Australian region of the Cooper Basin are now concluded, with exploration underway there and some new commercial production.These agreements were negotiated under the Commonwealth Native Title Act’s ‘Right to Negotiate’. Agreed resolutions are virtually demanded by the competing tensions within the legislative machinery. The need for conjunctivity of title from the exploration to the development stages is now understood and has become accepted by advocates for Native Title claimants. Recent court decisions would appear to ease the path for applications to the National Native Title Tribunal where negotiations fail to reach agreement, expanding the range of strategies open to Petroleum explorers seeking new title grants.Small negotiating teams facilitated progress. Despite a long first negotiation, subsequent negotiations have developed from that experience to form an efficient and cost-effective model which has now been replicated for more than 35 agreements conjunctive for all phases of activity. All those agreements address the key issues of title grants, both initially and consequently upon discoveries, Aboriginal heritage inspections and accommodation, including practical aides of indicative timelines and budgets for the latter, and compensation. Adaptation of these agreements is beginning in other parts of Australia. The temptation of Native Title advocates to test the envelope, however, must be expected with each new negotiation. Contrastingly, both the industry and state government agencies are seeking stabilisation of the terms of negotiated agreements to see how they will work in practice.This paper describes the key terms and temptations encountered so far in this evolving dynamic.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors in Food Safety: Challenges and Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2940
Author(s):  
Antonella Curulli
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues

Safety and quality are key issues for the food industry. Consequently, there is growing demand to preserve the food chain and products against substances toxic, harmful to human health, such as contaminants, allergens, toxins, or pathogens. For this reason, it is mandatory to develop highly sensitive, reliable, rapid, and cost-effective sensing systems/devices, such as electrochemical sensors/biosensors. Generally, conventional techniques are limited by long analyses, expensive and complex procedures, and skilled personnel. Therefore, developing performant electrochemical biosensors can significantly support the screening of food chains and products. Here, we report some of the recent developments in this area and analyze the contributions produced by electrochemical biosensors in food screening and their challenges.

VALUING THE ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS OF VEGETATION REMOVAL AND ECOSYSTEM DISTURBANCE ASSOCIATED WITH PETROLEUM OPERATIONS, COOPER BASIN, SOUTH AUSTRALIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
E.V. Mazourenko
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Regulatory State ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Cooper Basin

This paper describes the results of a small-scale study that looked at an alternative way of managing the environmental impacts of petroleum developments. The study was based on a contention that an application of the contingent valuation method (CVM) in the context of petroleum developments might assist the petroleum industry in achieving the goals of ecologically sustainable development (ESD), while contributing to the change of the community’s attitude towards the industry. CVM, based on direct community involvement in determining the environmental costs of the native vegetation removal associated with the petroleum developments in the South Australian Cooper Basin, was applied to the selected ‘groups of interest’. The collected data were analysed and discussed in light of the feasibility of a full-scale CVM study, and its potential practical value both for the petroleum companies operating in the Cooper Basin and the regulatory state government authorities. The results of this study showed that the application of CVM in the context of the petroleum industry might yield significant benefits for the industry in terms of ESD. In the long term, it may assist in changing the community’s perception of the petroleum industry. This approach does not intend to contradict, but to complement, the current environmental management practices of the petroleum developers.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors in Food Safety: Challenges and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Curulli
Keyword(s):  
Food Chain ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Key Issues

Safety and quality are key issues for the food industry. Consequently, there is a growing demand to preserve the food chain and products against substances toxic, harmful to human health such as contaminants, allergens, toxins, or pathogens. For this reason, it is mandatory to develop highly sensitive, reliable, rapid, and cost-effective sensing systems/devices such as electrochemical sensors/biosensors. Generally, conventional techniques are limited by long time of analyses, expensive and complex procedures, and they require skilled personnel. Therefore, the development of performant electrochemical biosensors can significantly support the screening of food chain and products. Here, we report some of the recent developments in this area and analyze the contributions produced by electrochemical biosensors in the food screening and the challenges to address.

scholarly journals An Attorney's Perspective on Emerging New Venture Opportunities for Petroleum Projects in Latin America

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Jay G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Potential Risks

This article discusses the potential for new opportunities in the petroleum industry in Latin American countries. The author states that investment in Latin American petroleum projects is required in order to meet energy needs and environmental requirements. After surveying the history, politics and investment climate in Latin America, the author discusses the investment opportunities that have arisen in Latin America as well as the potential risks associated with these investments. He then discusses environmental concerns and other recent developments that impact on petroleum investments. The author examines key issues arising out of petroleum agreements between investors and Latin American governments and outlines the various petroleum agreements currently in use. To conclude, the author discusses the role of legal advisors in assisting clients in making successful investments in Latin American petroleum projects.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NATIVE TITLE LAW AND CULTURAL HERITAGE AFFECTING THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY—CERTAINTY, BUT AT A PRICE

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
D. Young ◽  
G. Scott ◽  
J. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Native Title ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unexpected Findings

The mosaic of the common law relating to Native Title, which underpins the Native Title and other Acts, continues to be filled in by the courts increasing certainty for all parties. Last year saw the High Court’s Ward decision—the most significant decision for the petroleum industry since Mabo in 1992. Since then there have been three more important decisions, which while not making new law, have shown how the principles enunciated in Ward and Yorta Yorta are being applied. Some of the cases examined include the Daniel and De Rose Hill decisions, which have application to petroleum tenements.This paper will outline the recent developments, and demonstrate how the decisions have reduced uncertainty, thereby narrowing the areas about which negotiation must occur. The hurdle for proving the existence of Native Title remains high.It has not all been in favour of industry, however. Increasingly, Native Title cases, such as Daniels have resulted in unexpected findings that some conventional titles had been invalidly granted. Titles which seemingly ought to have extinguished Native Title have turned out to be invalid, and in many cases irretrievably so. The paper looks at the implications of this for industry as well.

LEGAL HIGHLIGHTS OF 1999

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
D.M. Young ◽  
A.M. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Underground Gas Storage ◽  
Native Title ◽  
National Review ◽  
Alternative State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Year 2000

In 1999 there were a number of significant legislative and judicial developments which affected the petroleum industry. Among these, the more significant included:the commencement of a national review of Australia’s off-shore petroleum legislation1 against competition policy principles;the disallowance by the Federal Senate of the Northern Territory’s alternative right to negotiate (RTN) regime;further shifts towards underground gas storage for commercial purposes;the release of draft legislation to replace the Cultural Record (Landscapes Queensland and Queensland Estate) Act; andthe High Court’s2 decision in Yanner v Eaton.Legislative reform continues to be one of the key issues facing the Australian petroleum industry. Recent events concerning the Northern Territory’s and Queensland’s alternative RTN regimes suggest that replacement of the Commonwealth’s RTN regime with alternative State-based regimes is increasingly unlikely, at least while the Senate remains so constituted. Apart from the uncertainties associated with native title, the industry must also contend with ongoing reform of both cultural heritage and petroleum legislation.The challenges for the petroleum industry in the year 2000 will therefore be to persevere whilst continuing to participate in and contribute to the various review processes.

scholarly journals NATIVE TITLE AND THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, OPTIONS, RISKS AND STRATEGIC CHOICES

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
J.C. Altman
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Native Title ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Recent Developments

The Native Title Act 1993 (NTA) introduces a new dimension to Australia's land tenure systems; new property rights are established for native title parties via the creation of a 'right to negotiate' (RTN) with respect to future acts on land where native title might be determined. There is growing recognition that, legal uncertainties about the potential co-existence of native title on pastoral leases aside, there are elements of the NTA that are resulting in sub-optimal outcomes for the petroleum industry. Within a Coasian analytical framework it is demonstrated that owing to unclear property rights, transactions costs for negotiating exploration and production with native title parties are high. Recognising this, the Commonwealth government has proposed a package of amendments that attempt to address industry concerns while balancing these against indigenous interests. These recommendations include a once-only RTN, a higher threshold for registration of claims, automatic renewal of existing production leases and mandatory statutory functions for Native Title Representative Bodies (NTRBs) that will require them to resolve competing native title claims and to sign-off agreements with resource developers. Noting that strategic behaviour by industry, indigenous parties and especially State governments have hampered effective operations of the NTA, the paper ends by considering the choices available to the petroleum industry to ensure that statutory amendments are in its best interests.

A Collaborative Approach to Upgrading to Limits of Technology at the York River Treatment Plant

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Venner ◽  
J. Husband ◽  
J. Noonan ◽  
A. Nelson ◽  
D. Waltrip
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
York River ◽  
Hampton Roads ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Virginia Department

In response to rapid population growth as well as to address the nutrient reduction goals for the Chesapeake Bay established by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VDEQ), the Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD) initiated the York River Treatment Plant (YRTP) Expansion Phase 1 project. The existing YRTP is a conventional step-feed activated sludge plant and is rated for an average daily design flow of 57 million liters per day (MLD). This project proposes to expand the existing treatment capacity to 114 MLD and to reduce the nutrients discharged to the York River, a tributary for the Chesapeake Bay. In order to meet the effluent limits set by the VDEQ, a treatment upgrade to limit of technology (LOT) or enhanced nutrient removal (ENR) was required. Malcolm Pirnie worked with HRSD and the VDEQ to develop and evaluate ENR process alternatives to achieve the required effluent limits with the goal of determining the most reliable and cost effective alternative to achieve the aggressive nutrient reduction goals. This paper will highlight the key issues in determining the most desirable treatment process considering both economic and non-economic factors.

scholarly journals Estimating Copy-Number Proportions: The Comeback of Sanger Sequencing

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Eyal Seroussi
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Base Editing ◽  
Recent Developments

Determination of the relative copy numbers of mixed molecular species in nucleic acid samples is often the objective of biological experiments, including Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), indel and gene copy-number characterization, and quantification of CRISPR-Cas9 base editing, cytosine methylation, and RNA editing. Standard dye-terminator chromatograms are a widely accessible, cost-effective information source from which copy-number proportions can be inferred. However, the rate of incorporation of dye terminators is dependent on the dye type, the adjacent sequence string, and the secondary structure of the sequenced strand. These variable rates complicate inferences and have driven scientists to resort to complex and costly quantification methods. Because these complex methods introduce their own biases, researchers are rethinking whether rectifying distortions in sequencing trace files and using direct sequencing for quantification will enable comparable accurate assessment. Indeed, recent developments in software tools (e.g., TIDE, ICE, EditR, BEEP and BEAT) indicate that quantification based on direct Sanger sequencing is gaining in scientific acceptance. This commentary reviews the common obstacles in quantification and the latest insights and developments relevant to estimating copy-number proportions based on direct Sanger sequencing, concluding that bidirectional sequencing and sophisticated base calling are the keys to identifying and avoiding sequence distortions.

scholarly journals A Reference Framework to Combine Model-Based Design and AR to Improve Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Riccardo Karim Khamaisi ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini ◽  
Roberto Raffaeli ◽  
Marcello Pellicciari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Digital Contents ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Information

Product and process digitalization is pervading numerous areas in the industry to improve quality and reduce costs. In particular, digital models enable virtual simulations to predict product and process performances, as well as to generate digital contents to improve the general workflow. Digital models can also contain additional contents (e.g., model-based design (MBD)) to provide online and on-time information about process operations and management, as well as to support operator activities. The recent developments in augmented reality (AR) offer new specific interfaces to promote the great diffusion of digital contents into industrial processes, thanks to flexible and robust applications, as well as cost-effective devices. However, the impact of AR applications on sustainability is still poorly explored in research. In this direction, this paper proposed an innovative approach to exploit MBD and introduce AR interfaces in the industry to support human intensive processes. Indeed, in those processes, the human contribution is still crucial to guaranteeing the expected product quality (e.g., quality inspection). The paper also analyzed how this new concept can benefit sustainability and define a set of metrics to assess the positive impact on sustainability, focusing on social aspects.

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