Method for calculating the position of the optical axis in laser resonators

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 623-629
Author(s):  
E A Polukeev ◽  
Yu Yu Broslavets ◽  
A A Fomichev
Keyword(s):  
Optical Axis ◽  
Laser Resonators

Analysis of 3-d molecular distribution with the digital imaging microscope

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
W.A. Carrington ◽  
F.S. Fay ◽  
K.E. Fogarty ◽  
L. Lifshitz
Keyword(s):  
Image Restoration ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Single Living Cells

Advances in digital imaging microscopy and in the synthesis of fluorescent dyes allow the determination of 3D distribution of specific proteins, ions, GNA or DNA in single living cells. Effective use of this technology requires a combination of optical and computer hardware and software for image restoration, feature extraction and computer graphics.The digital imaging microscope consists of a conventional epifluorescence microscope with computer controlled focus, excitation and emission wavelength and duration of excitation. Images are recorded with a cooled (-80°C) CCD. 3D images are obtained as a series of optical sections at .25 - .5 μm intervals.A conventional microscope has substantial blurring along its optical axis. Out of focus contributions to a single optical section cause low contrast and flare; details are poorly resolved along the optical axis. We have developed new computer algorithms for reversing these distortions. These image restoration techniques and scanning confocal microscopes yield significantly better images; the results from the two are comparable.

Field Distribution of Strongly Excited Magnetic Lenses

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
M. Strojnik
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Pole Piece ◽  
Partial Saturation ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
The Stability

Magnetic lenses operating in partial saturation offer two advantages in HVEM: they exhibit small cs and cc and their power depends little on the excitation IN. Curve H, Fig. 1, shows that the maximal axial flux density Bz max of one of the lenses investigated changes between points (3) and (4) by 5% as the excitation varies by 40%. Consequently, the designer can relax the requirements concerning the stability of the lens current supplies. Saturated lenses, however, can only be used if (i) unwanted fields along the optical axis can be controlled, (ii) 'wobbling' of the optical axis due to inhomogeneous saturation around the pole piece faces is prevented, (iii) ample ampere-turns can be squeezed into the space available, and (iv) the lens operating point covers a sufficient range of accelerating voltages.

Мобильные навигационные комплексы на отечественных суперярких светодиодах для освоения Арктики

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
Д.В. Васильев ◽  
А.И. Лаврюшин
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Glide Path ◽  
Mobile Navigation ◽  
Path System

Рассмотрен потенциал возможностей светотехнических мобильных навигационных комплексов, обеспечивающих дальний привод летательных аппаратов по глиссаде. Основа комплекса – ​суперяркие монохромные светодиоды производства компании ООО «НПЦ ОЭП «ОПТЭЛ». Для сравнения характеристик светодиодов для задач навигации выбран новый параметр – ​распределение освещенности в плоскости, перпендикулярной оптической оси светодиода. Параметр влияет на массо-­габаритные и тактико-­технические характеристики проектируемых изделий. The article discusses the possibility of creating lighting mobile navigation systems that provide long-range drive of aircraft along the glide path. System base – ​monochrome LEDs of LLC SPCOD “OPTEL”. A new parameter was proposed for navigation issues – ​the distribution of illumination in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the LED. The parameter affects the overall dimensions and tactical and technical characteristics of the designed products.

scholarly journals Heterodyne Standing-Wave Interferometer with Improved Phase Stability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Ortlepp ◽  
Jens-Peter Zöllner ◽  
Ivo W. Rangelow ◽  
Eberhard Manske
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Frequency Shift ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Phase Stability ◽  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Fixed Position ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Laser Sources

AbstractThis paper describes a standing-wave interferometer with two laser sources of different wavelengths, diametrically opposed and emitting towards each other. The resulting standing wave has an intensity profile which is moving with a constant velocity, and is directly detected inside the laser beam by two thin and transparent photo sensors. The first sensor is at a fixed position, serving as a phase reference for the second one which is moved along the optical axis, resulting in a frequency shift, proportional to the velocity. The phase difference between both sensors is evaluated for the purpose of interferometric length measurements.

Electromagnetic field computation in semiconductor laser resonators

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Vallius ◽  
Jani Tervo ◽  
Pasi Vahimaa ◽  
Jari Turunen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Laser Resonators ◽  
Field Computation

ON OPTIMUM PUPIL FIELDS WITH MAXIMUM ELECTRIC FIELD COMPONENT IN FOCUS

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 189-201
Author(s):  
H. P. URBACH ◽  
S. F. PEREIRA ◽  
D. J. BROER
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Component ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Longitudinal Component ◽  
Electric Field Component ◽  
Incident Power ◽  
Entrance Pupil ◽  
Maximum Electric Field ◽  
High Na Lens

The field in the entrance pupil of a high NA lens can be optimized such that, for given incident power, the electric field component in a given direction in the focal point is maximum. If the field component is chosen parallel to the optical axis, the longitudinal component is maximized and it is found that the optimum longitudinal component is narrower than the Airy spot. We discuss how this can be used to obtain higher resolution in photolithography when a resist is used that is sensitive to only the longitudinal component. We describe a proposition for realizing such resist.

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