Curve Perception by Drivers: Dependence of the Critical Viewing Distance on Planting Structures and the Driver's Experience

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 372-372
Author(s):  
L Sugano
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Nominal Scale ◽  
Driving Situation ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Static Conditions

The perception of road curves by car drivers was studied in a simulated driving situation. The purpose was to investigate how planting structures along the road would affect the distance at which the curve was clearly perceived by novices and by experienced subjects, respectively. Subjects rated the clarity of the curve percept in different situations on a nominal scale from 1 to 7. Estimations were made under static conditions at the distances 0 m, 100 m, and 200 m before the beginning of the curve. The critical point for a clear percept was found to be at 100 m for novices and at 200 m for experienced drivers. The planting conditions made no difference.

Design and Presentation of a CD-ROM Driving Program (Driver-ZED)

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (20) ◽  
pp. 1401-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Blank ◽  
Rob McCord
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Driving Situation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Realistic View ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
Hazard Recognition

The AAA program known as ‘driver-ZED’ (Zero Errors Driving) addresses the issue of hazard recognition and risk-taking during driving. Via CD-ROM, teens are presented with a multitude of real world driving situations that would otherwise take many hours behind the wheel to experience. The program employs myriad short driving sequences of varying level of difficulty and focus. In each sequence the user is presented with a realistic view of the road ahead including the concurrent views from the rear and left side mirror. Each sequence is precisely arranged and shot from a vehicle that has been specially rigged with multiple motion cameras. These multiple real worldviews are then digitally combined with a photorealistic graphic showing the view of the dash and windshield from the driver's seat. In this way a realistic view of the road from the driver's seat is created while at the same time allowing computer control of items on the dash such as the speedometer and other gauges. As the driving situation warrants, the users can also look right or left or over their shoulder and passengers can even be dad to provide further distractions or deliver feedback.

Driving Error and Anxiety Related to iPod mp3 Player Use in a Simulated Driving Experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley R. Harvey ◽  
Randy L. Carden
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
Driver Distraction ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Stationary Objects ◽  
Mp3 Player

Driver distraction due to cellular phone usage has repeatedly been shown to increase the risk of vehicular accidents; however, the literature regarding the use of other personal electronic devices while driving is relatively sparse. It was hypothesized that the usage of an mp3 player would result in an increase in not only driving error while operating a driving simulator, but driver anxiety scores as well. It was also hypothesized that anxiety scores would be positively related to driving errors when using an mp3 player. 32 participants drove through a set course in a driving simulator twice, once with and once without an iPod mp3 player, with the order counterbalanced. Number of driving errors per course, such as leaving the road, impacts with stationary objects, loss of vehicular control, etc., and anxiety were significantly higher when an iPod was in use. Anxiety scores were unrelated to number of driving errors.

Sensitivity and validity of on-the-road and simulated driving test to measure impaired driving behaviour: effect of sleep deprivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. S202
Author(s):  
I.W. Koopmans ◽  
H.J. Hijma ◽  
R.J. Doll ◽  
H. van der Wall ◽  
M.L. De Kam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
On The Road

scholarly journals Influence of the Weld Joint Position on the Mechanical Stress Concentration in the Construction of the Alternative Skid Car System’s Skid Chassis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
Petr Jilek ◽  
Jan Berg ◽  
Baurice Sylvain Sadjiep Tchuigwa
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Nonlinear Analyses ◽  
Current Frame ◽  
The Road ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Static Conditions

This paper deals with the optimization of the crossbars, parts of the existing frame of the experimental system of the Alternative SkidCar. This part plays a crucial role and is designed to enable and ensure reduced adhesion conditions between the vehicle and the road. To this end, its optimization targeted here is performed using both analytical calculations and simulations in MSC Adams software, wherein the loading forces and boundary conditions on the frame support wheels are obtained considering the static conditions, as well as the change of the direction of travel. The least favourable load observed was used, later on, as the input value for the strength analysis of the frame. The analysis was performed using the finite element method (FEM) in SolidWorks. Based on the linear and nonlinear analyses performed, the course of stress on the frame arms and critical points with the highest stress concentration were determined. Subsequently, according to the results obtained, a new design for the current frame was proposed and, thereby, warrants greater rigidity, stability and strength to the entire structure, while reducing its weight and maximizing the potential of the selected material. The benefit of the current contribution lies in the optimization of the current frame shape, in terms of the position of weld joints, the location of the reinforcements and the thickness of the material used.

scholarly journals Psychophysiological Changes Associated With Self-Regulation of Sleepiness and Cessation From a Hazard Perception Task

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Watling ◽  
Simon S. Smith ◽  
Mark S. Horswill
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Hazard Perception ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
The Road ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The relationship between a driver’s ability to identify increasing sleepiness and ceasing driving when sleepy is relatively unexamined. Several studies suggest that drivers have some ability to identify increasing levels of sleepiness. However, whether that identification of sleepiness leads to drivers being able to self-regulate and cease driving has not been examined. This study assessed the capacity of drivers to identify sleepiness and to self-regulate their own simulated driving cessation. Twenty-six young adults completed a validated hazard perception simulated task when moderately sleep deprived after a 05:00 wakeup. Participants were instructed to stop driving if they thought they were too sleepy to drive safely on the road. Physiological (EEG, EOG, and ECG) and subjective (Karolinska Sleepiness scale) measures were used to examine self-regulation of simulated driving cessation. The behavioral validity of the participants’ subjective sleepiness was then examined with a 30 min nap opportunity. All participants ceased the task on average after approximately 40 min (range = 12.5–73 min). No participant was judged to have experienced any microsleeps or fallen asleep. Subjective sleepiness and EOG-based blink duration measures increased significantly from the beginning of the drive to the end of the simulated driving episodes. During the nap opportunity 23 of the 26 participants were able to achieve sleep onset. The results suggest that moderately sleep deprived individuals can identify increasing sleepiness and then take action to cease a hazard perception task. Potentially, on-road drivers could benefit from better elicitation of subjective sleepiness and their self-regulation of driving cessation.

Senior Driver Performance on Airport Road Access Wayfinding Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 4937-4942
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiel Anuar ◽  
Rohafiz Sabar ◽  
Mazli Mutazam
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Study Participants

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the wayfinding and signage provisions, sensitivity of senior driving behavior and road safety. Three scenario types were designed using driving simulator to simplify the airport navigation and driving complexity of the road designs to the airport. An assorted road furniture was included on alternative airport road access to provide a variety of wayfinding complexity. Fifteen experience car drivers in range of age 50–54, 55–59 and over 60 years were selected to perform the study. Participants were asked to drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The types of errors (parameter) of simulated driving were identified, evaluated and compared to the age group. Results were analyzed by ANOVA and discussed with reference to the use of driving simulator. The ANOVA confirmed that senior drivers’ age group have no significant effect on the airport road design, wayfinding and all research parameters; risk of collisions, exceed the speed limit, traffic light tickets, centerline crossings and road edge excursions.

Visual Search Behavior while Viewing Driving Scenes under the Influence of Alcohol and Marihuana

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moskowitz ◽  
Kenneth Ziedman ◽  
Satanand Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Search ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Treatment ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Visual Scanning ◽  
Driving Situation ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels

Two experiments were performed to determine the effects of alcohol and marihuana on visual scanning patterns in a simulated driving situation. In the first experiment 27 male heavy drinkers were divided into three groups of nine, defined by three blood alcohol levels produced by alcohol treatment: 0.0%, 0.075%, and 0.15% BAC's. Significant changes in visual search behavior including increased dwell duration, decreased dwell frequency, and increased pursuit duration and frequency were found under alcohol. In the second experiment, 10 male social users of marihuana were tested under both 0 mcg and 200 mcg tetrahydrocannabinol per kilogram bodyweight. Marihuana was found to have no effect on visual search behavior. The results are related to previous studies of alcohol and marihuana effects on information processing.

Comparison of Driving Errors Between On-the-Road and Simulated Driving Assessment: A Validation Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Shechtman ◽  
Sherrilene Classen ◽  
Kezia Awadzi ◽  
William Mann
Keyword(s):  
Validation Study ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road
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