The Hierarchical Order of Processes Underlying the Direction Illusion and the Direction Aftereffect

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6961 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Farrell-Whelan ◽  
Peter Wenderoth ◽  
Kevin R Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Order

Ectopic expression of homeotic genes caused by the elimination of the Polycomb gene in Drosophila imaginal epidermis

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Busturia ◽  
G. Morata
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Homeotic Genes ◽  
Sex Combs Reduced ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Sex Combs ◽  
Morphological Patterns

The morphological patterns in the adult cuticle of Drosophila are determined principally by the homeotic genes of the bithorax and Antennapedia complexes. We find that many of these genes become indiscriminately active in the adult epidermis when the Pc gene is eliminated. By using the Pc3 mutation and various BX-C mutant combinations, we have generated clones of imaginal cells possessing different combinations of active homeotic genes. We find that, in the absence of BX-C genes, Pc- clones develop prothoracic patterns; this is probably due to the activity of Sex combs reduced which overrules Antennapedia. Adding contributions of Ultrabithorax, abdominal-A and Abdominal-B results in thoracic or abdominal patterns. We have established a hierarchical order among these genes: Antp less than Scr less than Ubx less than abd-A less than Abd-B. In addition, we show that the engrailed gene is ectopically active in Pc- imaginal cells.

Formal and Informal Hierarchy in Different Types of Organization

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1515-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Diefenbach ◽  
John A.A. Sillince
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Network Organizations ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Common Understanding

This paper addresses the paradox that despite all organizational change towards flatter and postmodern organizations, hierarchical order is quite persistent. We develop a differentiated understanding of hierarchy as either formal or informal and apply this analytical framework to several types of organization. The analysis reveals that hierarchy is much more widespread than thought; in particular, postmodern, representative democratic and network organizations are much less ‘alternative’ and ‘hierarchy-free’ than their labels and common understanding may suggest. The main argument is that the persistence of hierarchy in different types of organization can be explained by different dynamic relationships between formal and informal hierarchy.

Evidence of Hierarchical Order in an Amphiphilic Graft Terpolymer Gel

1995 ◽  
Vol 99 (32) ◽  
pp. 12069-12071 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Ilzhoefer ◽  
Brian C. Broom ◽  
Stephen M. Nepa ◽  
Erwin A. Vogler ◽  
Saad A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Order

The Social Place of a German Renaissance Artist: Hans Baldung Grien (1484/85–1545) at Strasbourg

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Professional Association ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Renaissance Italy ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Renaissance Artist

In Jakob Burckhardt's classic vision of the emergence of a new, individualistic consciousness in Renaissance Italy, the artist took his place behind the tyrant as one of the early escapees from the crumbling prisons of medieval corporate institutions. Although the picture of his progress from craftsman to free professional is more nuanced and qualified in the recent literature, the Italian artist continues to enjoy his reputation as one of the few permanent beneficiaries of the Renaissance. As the Wittkowers have written: “But the new day came when artists began to revolt against the hierarchical order of which they were an integral part—a day when they regarded the organization meant to protect their interests as prison rather than shelter.”1 At Florence, where artists first achieved a new self-consciousness as theorists and men of letters, private patronage supplied the wealth for a new level of status, higher than that of the craftsman, and weakened the ties of guild life. Not that Florentine artists of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries invariably became either successful businessmen or bohemians—though both types could be found there and elsewhere in Italy—nor did they revolt against corporate institutions altogether. But their new organization, the Accademia del Disegno, resembled the old guild structure only superficially and was, as its name suggests, a professional association uniting the artistic crafts rather than a type of guild.2 If the sixteenth century Italian artist lacked the social prestige of the lawyer, the notary, or the physician, neither was he any longer lumped together with the cobbler, the stonemason, or the apothecary.

HealthGrids in Health Informatics

2011 ◽  
pp. 913-932
Author(s):  
Aisha Naseer ◽  
Lampros K. Stergioulas
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Health Information Systems ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ubiquitous Access

Healthcare is a vast domain encapsulating not only multiple sub-domains or sub-sectors but also many diverse operations and logistics within each sub-sector. This diversity needs to be handled in a systematic and well-characterized manner in order to maintain consistency of various healthcare tasks. Integration of health information systems within each healthcare sub-sectors is crucial for ubiquitous access and sharing of information. The emerging technology of HealthGrids holds the promise to successfully integrate health information systems and various healthcare entities onto a common, globally shared and easily accessible platform. Many different types of HealthGrids exist but there lacks a taxonomy to classify them into a hierarchical order. This chapter presents a well-characterized taxonomy of different types of HealthGrid and classifies them into four major types, namely BioGrid, MediGrid, PharmaGrid and CareGrid. Each of these HealthGrids possesses dedicated features and functionalities. The proposed taxonomy serves to better understand the realtionship among various HealthGrid types and would lay a basis for future research.

Living with Mess

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-197
Author(s):  
Anna Strhan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Riverside Church

Through ethnographic focus on ‘Messy Church’ at Riverside Church (open evangelical), Chapter 7 turns to examine shifting ethical currents within conservative, charismatic, and open evangelical cultures. Considering the contemporary significance of ideas of ‘mess’ and ‘messiness’ at Riverside and St George’s churches, the chapter argues that this turn to ‘mess’ at both churches is shaped by both a strategy of differentiation from conservative evangelicalism—which emphasizes a desire for hierarchical order within church, self, and society—and by an ethics of responsiveness to the everyday needs of those in their local area, marked by heightened socio-economic polarization. How groups engage with ideas of ‘order’ and ‘mess’, the chapter argues, is significant for understanding how different groups respond to fragmented experiences of social life, and how they enact modes of difference and belonging in the contemporary moment.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Aijaz Ashraf Wani
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
To Come

Governance is the function of a cluster of factors. The priorities of governance and their hierarchical order vary from place to place, depending on specific contexts. Jammu and Kashmir is a conflicted state with both exogenous and endogenous dimensions. There is a dispute over Kashmir, a dispute with the centre, and the dispute among the regions of the state. All cumulatively create permanent instability in Kashmir. The conflict began with the Partition and it continues to stay. In July 1952, Nehru stated in the Indian Parliament, ‘If you go to Kashmir you will find normalcy and that the state is functioning adequately; but behind this normalcy is the constant tension because of the enemy trying to come in to create trouble and disturb.’...

The Soul’s Order

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-68
Author(s):  
Mattia Riccardi
Keyword(s):  
Human Psychology ◽  
Hierarchical Order ◽  
Homunculus Fallacy

This chapter is concerned with Nietzsche’s conception of the soul (human psychology) as constituted by the hierarchical order or structure among drives and affects. After a demonstration that that conception raises the spectre of the homunculus fallacy, it is argued that the two major interpretations of the Nietzschean soul’s order—the vitalistic one proposed by P. Wotling and the normative one proposed by M. Clark and D. Dudrick—should be rejected because they commit Nietzsche to that fallacy. The author’s own dispositional reading frees Nietzsche’s psychology of drives from any charge of fallacious homuncularism. In the light of this reading, the chapter investigates how the interaction between drives and affects should be understood.

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