Linear Vection in the Central Visual Field Facilitated by Kinetic Depth Cues

Perception ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Telford ◽  
Jonathan Spratley ◽  
Barrie J Frost
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Object Motion ◽  
Apparent Depth ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Central Display ◽  
Linear Vection ◽  
Kinetic Depth ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Illusory self-motion (vection) is thought to be determined by motion in the peripheral visual field, whereas stimulation of more central retinal areas results in object-motion perception. Recent data suggest that vection can be produced by stimulation of the central visual field provided it is configured as a more distant surface. In this study vection strength (tracking speed, onset latency, and the percentage of trials where vection was experienced) and the direction of self-motion produced by displays moving in the central visual field were investigated. Apparent depth, introduced by using kinetic occlusion information, influenced vection strength. Central displays perceived to be in the background elicited stronger vection than identical displays appearing in the foreground. Further, increasing the eccentricity of these displays from the central retina diminished vection strength. If the central and peripheral displays were moved in opposite directions, vection strength was unaffected, and the direction of vection was determined by motion of the central display on almost half of the trials when the centre was far. Near centres produced fewer centre-consistent responses. A complete understanding of linear vection requires that factors such as display size, retinal locus, and apparent depth plane are considered.

Induced Roll Vection from Stimulation of the Central Visual Field

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Andersen ◽  
Brian P. Dyre
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Forward Motion ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Stimulation Of

An important consideration for some types of flight simulation is that sufficient visual information be provided for a perception of self-motion. A general conclusion of earlier research is that peripheral stimulation (outside a 30 deg. diameter area of the central visual field) is necessary for perceived self-motion to occur. More recently Andersen and Braunstein (1985) demonstrated that induced self-motion could occur when visual information simulating forward motion of the observer was presented to a limited area of the central visual field. In the present study, the perception of induced roll vection (rotation about the line of sight) from visual stimulation of the central visual field was examined. Subjects viewed computer generated displays that simulated observer motion relative to a volume of randomly positioned points. Two variables were examined: 1) the presence or absence of a simulated forward motion, and 2) the presence of a 15 deg. or 30 deg. sinusoidal roll motion. It was found that: 1) induced roll vection occurred with stimulation restricted to a 10 deg. diameter area of the central visual field; 2) greater postural instability occurred for displays with a 30 deg. roll as compared to a 15 deg. roll; and 3) significantly greater postural instability occurred along the X-axis (left/right) as compared to the Y-axis (front/back). The implications of this research for flight simulation will be discussed.

Perception of Self-Motion From Peripheral Optokinetic Stimulation Suppresses Visual Evoked Responses to Central Stimuli

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai V. Thilo ◽  
Andreas Kleinschmidt ◽  
Michael A. Gresty
Keyword(s):  
Optical Flow ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Stimulus Change ◽  
Object Motion ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Peripheral Stimulus ◽  
Optokinetic Stimulation ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Visual Evoked

In a previous functional neuroimaging study we found that early visual areas deactivated when a rotating optical flow stimulus elicited the illusion of self-motion (vection) compared with when it was perceived as a moving object. Here, we investigated whether electrical cortical responses to an independent central visual probe stimulus change as a function of whether optical flow stimulation in the periphery induces the illusion of self-motion or not. Visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) were obtained in response to pattern-reversals in the central visual field in the presence of a constant peripheral large-field optokinetic stimulus that rotated around the naso-occipital axis and induced intermittent sensations of vection. As control, VEPs were also recorded during a stationary peripheral stimulus and showed no difference than those obtained during optokinetic stimulation. The VEPs during constant peripheral stimulation were then divided into two groups according to the time spans where the subjects reported object- or self-motion, respectively. The N70 VEP component showed a significant amplitude reduction when, due to the peripheral stimulus, subjects experienced self-motion compared to when the peripheral stimulus was perceived as object-motion. This finding supplements and corroborates our recent evidence from functional neuroimaging that early visual cortex deactivates when a visual flow stimulus elicits the illusion of self-motion compared with when the same sensory input is interpreted as object-motion. This dampened responsiveness might reflect a redistribution of sensorial and attentional resources when the monitoring of self-motion relies on a sustained and veridical processing of optic flow and may be compromised by other sources of visual input.

Perceived Change in Orientation from Optic Flow in the Central Visual Field

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 1434-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Dyre ◽  
George J. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Veridical Perception ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Perceived Change ◽  
Observer Motion ◽  
Self Motion

An important consideration for some types of flight simulation is that sufficient information be provided for a veridical perception of a pilot's motion and/or change in orientation. Previous research (Andersen & Braunstein, 1985) has suggested that induced self-motion from stimulation of the central visual field may be related to internal depth within the display. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of internal depth within the display on perceived changes in orientation. Subjects monocularly viewed displays simulating observer motion within a volume of randomly positioned points through a window which limited the field of view to 15 degrees. The velocity of the displays varied according to a sum of four frequencies. Change in posture was used to measure changes in perceived spatial orientation. Three variables were examined: 1) the extent of internal depth within the display, 2) the presence or absence of visual information specifying change in orientation, and 3) the frequency of motion simulated by the display. A frequency analysis of postural sway indicated that increased sway occurred at frequencies of .375 Hz and lower when motion at these frequencies was present in the display. However, the extent of internal depth in the display had no consistent effect on the perception of changing orientation. The implications of this research for flight simulation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Central Visual Field Defects in Patients with Distinct Glaucomatous Optic Disc Phenotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Eren Ekici ◽  
Sasan Moghimi ◽  
Huiyuan Hou ◽  
James Proudfoot ◽  
Linda M. Zangwill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Field Defects

A role for the corpus callosum in visual area V4 of the macaque

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Desimone ◽  
Jeffrey Moran ◽  
Stanley J. Schein ◽  
Mortimer Mishkin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Color Constancy ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Field Representation ◽  
Area V4

AbstractThe classically defined receptive fields of V4 cells are confined almost entirely to the contralateral visual field. However, these receptive fields are often surrounded by large, silent suppressive regions, and stimulating the surrounds can cause a complete suppression of response to a simultaneously presented stimulus within the receptive field. We investigated whether the suppressive surrounds might extend across the midline into the ipsilateral visual field and, if so, whether the surrounds were dependent on the corpus callosum, which has a widespread distribution in V4. We found that the surrounds of more than half of the cells tested in the central visual field representation of V4 crossed into the ipsilateral visual field, with some extending up to at least 16 deg from the vertical meridian. Much of this suppression from the ipsilateral field was mediated by the corpus callosum, as section of the callosum dramatically reduced both the strength and extent of the surrounds. There remained, however, some residual suppression that was not further reduced by addition of an anterior commissure lesion. Because the residual ipsilateral suppression was similar in magnitude and extent to that found following section of the optic tract contralateral to the V4 recording, we concluded that it was retinal in origin. Using the same techniques employed in V4, we also mapped the ipsilateral extent of surrounds in the foveal representation of VI in an intact monkey. Results were very similar to those in V4 following commissural or contralateral tract sections. The findings suggest that V4 is a central site for long-range interactions both within and across the two visual hemifields. Taken with previous work, the results are consistent with the notion that the large suppressive surrounds of V4 neurons contribute to the neural mechanisms of color constancy and figure-ground separation.

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