Attentional Modulation of a Figural Aftereffect

Perception ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Figural Aftereffect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Test Figure ◽  
Attentional Modulation ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Color Changes

Evidence is reported that indicates that adaptation of the Schroder staircase is affected by attention. In previous work it has been shown that if subjects adapt to an unambiguous staircase, responses to an ambiguous test figure are biased towards the opposing perspective. In the current work, subjects adapted to superimposed upright and inverted Schroder staircases. Both staircases were centered on a common fixation point and were of different sizes and colors. Attention to each staircase was controlled by asking subjects to detect color changes in the line segments that defined one or the other staircase. Responses to an ambiguous test figure depended on which of the adapting staircases was attended.

scholarly journals Influence of chitosan coatings with citric essential oil on the shelf-life of minimally processed mango (Mangifera indica L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 7679-7688
Author(s):  
Fabián Rico Rodríguez ◽  
Carolina Gutiérrez Cortés ◽  
Consuelo Díaz Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Sensory Acceptance

Demand for minimally processed fruits have increased due to their nutritional value and an increasing change in consumption habits. Physicochemical, microbiological, structural and sensory changes were determined in minimally processed mangoes (MPM) with chitosan (CH) edible coatings and lemon and orange essential oils (EOL). The MPM was first dipped in citric acid and a texturizing solution and then dipped in CH and lemon or orange EOL coatings. Weight loss, sensory acceptance, total soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid, color changes, firmness and elasticity, and microbiological changes were quantified for 11 days of refrigerated storage. The CH and lemon EOL coating had more acceptance than the other treatments. No differences were found (p>0.05) for weight loss, total acidity, ascorbic acid, firmness or elasticity. There was a high amount of total phenols due to the EOL composition, as well as a high antioxidant capacity in the early days of storage. This characteristic decreased in the final days of the study. There was a decrease in the microbial charge for the lemon EOL treatment, as compared to the other samples. The CH and lemon EOL coating helped to maintain the shelf-life of the MPM for 11 days of storage without affecting the sensory acceptance. The CH and Orange EOL coating did not have an effect on the MPM physicochemical attributes; however, the sensory acceptance was negatively affected with off-flavors conferred to the MPM.

scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of crown and root discoloration induced by different endodontic sealers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18483
Author(s):  
Beatriz Serrato Coelho ◽  
Paula Pontes Garcia ◽  
Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho ◽  
Leonardo Fernandes Cunha ◽  
Denise Piotto Leonardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tooth Crown ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Endodontic Sealers

Aim: To evaluate crown and root discoloration promoted by different endodontic sealers after root canal filling. Methods: Eighty bovine incisors were prepared and filled with: Endofill, Sealer 26, AH Plus, and MTA Fillapex. Color was recorded using a spectrophotometer before endodontic treatment (T0) and at 24 hours (T1), seven days (T2), 30 days (T3), and 90 days (T4) after treatment. Analyses were performed on the middle and cervical regions of the crown, and on the cervical third of the root, immediately below the cementoenamel junction. The color alterations (ΔE) were calculated using Commission International de I’Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b parameters, and data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results: All sealers induced color alterations. Sealer 26 resulted in the smallest changes in color (E = 5.32). The other materials did not present statistical differences (AH Plus E = 6.98; MTA Fillapex E = 6.88; Endofill E = 6.41). Of the three regions analyzed, the largest discoloration was observed at the cervical third of the root (E=10.67). In terms of time, the largest ΔE values (E=7.72) were observed at T4. Color changes at T1 (E=5.88), T2 (E=6.10), and T3 (E=5.89) were statistically similar. Conclusions: All endodontic sealers promoted discoloration on the tooth crown and root.

Cognitive accessibility predicts word order of couples’ names in English and Japanese

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
Karina Tachihara ◽  
Adele E. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
General Property ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Personal Histories ◽  
Cognitive Accessibility

AbstractWe investigate the order in which speakers produce the proper names of couples they know personally in English and Japanese, two languages with markedly different constituent word orders. Results demonstrate that speakers of both languages tend to produce the name of the person they feel closer to before the name of the other member of the couple (N = 180). In this way, speakers’ unique personal histories give rise to a remarkably systematic linguistic generalization in both English and Japanese. Insofar as closeness serves as an index of cognitive accessibility, the current work demonstrates that systematicity emerges from a domain-general property of memory.

Effect of storage temperature on the microbial and color stability of banana purée with addition of vanillin or potassium sorbate / Efecto de la temperatura de almacenamiento en la estabilidad microbiológica y en el color del puré de plátano con la adición de vainillina o sorbato de potasio

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Castañón ◽  
A. Argaiz ◽  
A. López-Malo
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Different Temperatures

The microbial and color changes during storage at different temperatures (15, 25 and 35 °C) of ba nana purée preserved by the combination of a blanching, reduced pH (3.4) and water activity ( aw, 0.97) and the addition of 1000 or 3000 ppm of vanillin (VA) or 1000 ppm potassium sorbate (PS) were evaluated and compared. The use of 3000 ppm VA or 1000 ppm PS inhibited for at least 60 days of storage the native flora of the banana purée at any of the temperatures studied. The addition of 1000 ppm VA was not enough to stop the microbial growth. However, at 15 °C the growth was delayed 16 days. In the presence of 3000 ppm VA or 1000 ppm PS the banana purée stored at 15, 25 and 35 °C presented several color changes that contributed to browning. The rate of browning was greater in samples with VA than in those formulated with PS, but the activation energy was 10% lower in the former systems. An analysis of the transition state parameters revealed that Gibbs free energy was similar, indicating that the mechanism of browning did not change in the presence of one antimicro bial or the other.

Tactile and Kinesthetic Influences on Visual Figural Aftereffects

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-402
Author(s):  
N. Kositsky ◽  
R. Dewar
Keyword(s):  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Test Figure ◽  
Visual Condition ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Inspection Figure

12 Ss were presented with a bent line I (inspection) figure followed by a straight line T (test) figure under four different conditions in order to produce a FAE of a bent line. In the visual condition S saw the I figure and then the T figure. In the tactile condition S held a curved bar and viewed the I figure simultaneously. The two kinesthetic conditions required S feel a straight or curved bar and view the I figure simultaneously. In both the kinesthetic and tactile curved-bar conditions Ss showed a strong tendency to perceive the visual T figure as curved. In the other conditions Ss perceived the T figure as bent (the usual effect produced by this combination of I and T figures). The results demonstrate the influence of kinesthetic and tactile stimulation on visual FAE.

Products of lengths of line segments associated with elliptical chords

2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (517) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Price
Keyword(s):  
Unit Circle ◽  
Base Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Related Article

Suppose the unit circle is divided into n > 1 equal arcs and points are placed at the ends of the arcs. Choose one of these points to be the ‘base point’ and draw chords connecting each of the other points to the base point. (See Figure 1 for the case n = 8.) Then the product of the lengths of these chords equals n (see Sichardt). In a related article, Eisemann considered the product of the lengths of the (nondegenerate) perpendiculars drawn from the centre of the unit circle to these chords.

First Data on the Differences of Phytolite Composition in Different Wheat Varieties Triticum aestivum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Igor Eduardovich Pamirsky ◽  
Alexey Grigorievich Klykov ◽  
Alexander Mikhailovich Zakharenko ◽  
Kirill Sergeevich Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Results

At current work we present first results of comparative study of the morphology and chemical composition in biomineral particles (phytoliths) of different types of wheat (Volzhskaya, Moskovskaya 39, Primorskaya 40). Optical microscopy reveals 5 morphotypes of phytolith in the stem and spike of wheat Triticum aestivum L. Although, only 3 morphotypes of phytolites were found in all three varieties, and the other 2 morphotypes were found only in some cases. These differences may be sort-specific signs. Various phytoliths have different linear sizes. As demosntrated, even within a sole type of wheat, there appears variability of the phytolitic composition. This fact may have significant implication for practical use of the phytolith analysis.

An Evaluation of Three Biological Indicator Systems in Flash Sterilization

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Rosen Kotilainen ◽  
Nelson M. Gantz
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minute Exposure ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Indicator Systems

AbstractAn evaluation of two flash-sterilization-specific biological indicators (BI) and a traditional spore strip indicator was performed to assess sensitivity and reliability as reflected in survive/kill ratios. The Bis tested included: 3M's Attest® #1261, Amsco's Proof Flash™, and Castle® Tec Test. Survival after “come-up” time alone, (0 exposure) and one-, two-, and three-minute exposures at 273°F in a gravity displacement sterilizer was measured by media color change or turbidity after incubation at 55°C. Each cycle was replicated three times on two separate days with six of each BI per run. Positive Bis were subcultured as necessary. Proof Flash presented technical difficulties due to incomplete or impossible crushing of media vials, unexpected media color changes, and evaporation of media. Tec Test was not sufficiently resistant as survivors were not detected at any exposure time. The Attest had 100% survival at zero and one-minute exposures and 94% survival after the two-minute exposure. No survivors were detected after the three-minute exposure. Although each institution should evaluate Bis for their own use independently, the data indicate that Attest #1261 monitored the three-minute flash cycles more satisfactorily than the other Bis tested.

Investigation of the effect of light fastness on the color changes of maps prepared by electrophotographic digital printing

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafer Özomay ◽  
Çağla Koşak Söz ◽  
Sinan Sönmez
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Digital Printing ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Electrophotographic Printing ◽  
Effect Of Light

Abstract In this study the prints were made on paper substrates, which were thought as map substrate alternatives, with 3 different surface properties at 1200 dpi by using the electrophotographic printing system. Color and gloss values of the samples were determined both before and after exposure to light for a period of 42 hours to determine the light fastness of the substrate and the print on it. The studies revealed that after the light fastness tests (i) the width of the color universe of the papers with matte surfaces is more than that of the papers with glossy surfaces, (ii) the loss of brightness of woodfree paper is higher than that of the other paper samples and (iii) the print chroma values obtained in woodfree paper is lower than those of the coated surfaces. Moreover, (iv) the delta E 00 {E_{00}} measurements revealed that all paper samples experienced different color losses in different colors, and the most significant differences in these color losses were in magenta and black.

Postharvest handling intervention for banana var la tundan grown in marginal upland areas in Inopacan, Leyte

2017 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Marcelo Quevedo ◽  
Arsenio Ramos ◽  
Ness Marie Sta. lglesia ◽  
Kris Benzon Notarte
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Minimal Damage

The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of packaging materials for transport and simple storage techniques of banana fruits planted by the upland farmers of lnopacan, Leyte and to identify and introduce the suitable postharvest intervention for their adoption. The use of plastic crates and rattan basket significantly minimized bruises and scratches of banana fruits during transport compared to plastic sack. Providing lining materials further reduced these injuries during transport. As a result of minimal damage during transport, the shelf life was extended during storage at ambient condition. On the other hand, harvested banana fruits were not stored as these were directly sold to the market during market days (tabo) or directly bought by middle men from the farm. However, in some instances where there is a difficulty in transport due to impassable roads, farmers are obliged to keep the harvested banana for sometime in their homes or collection center. Banana var. ‘Latundan’ fruits in hands or in bunch stored using MAP (PE bags) with diffusion holes had better postharvest performance, particularly lesser weight reduction, extended ripening (based on peel color changes & firmness), lower incidence and degree of decay and acceptable sensory quality ratings. In contrast, fruits in MAP without diffusion hole had inferior postharvest behavior.

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