scholarly journals Nonrigid Illusory Motion in Depth Induced by Translational Motion of Static Images

i-Perception ◽  
10.1068/i0434 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ho Kim ◽  
Thomas V Papathomas
Keyword(s):  
Translational Motion ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Motion In Depth ◽  
Static Images

scholarly journals Halt and recovery of illusory motion perception from peripherally viewed static images

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1823-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Tomimatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Ito ◽  
Shoji Sunaga ◽  
Gerard B. Remijn
Keyword(s):  
Motion Perception ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Static Images

Spatial Induction of Illusory Motion

Perception ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C Gogel ◽  
Bernard W Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Test Point ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Frontoparallel Plane ◽  
Continuous Motion ◽  
Motion In Depth ◽  
Physical Motion ◽  
Induced Motion

Induced motion is not limited to continuous motions presented on a frontoparallel plane. Experiments were conducted to investigate several varieties of induced motion to which theories of induced motion must apply. The observer indicated the perceived path of motion of a vertically moving test point to which induced motion at right angles to the physical motion was added by the motion of two inducing points. In experiment 1 all motions (both apparently and physically) were in a frontoparallel plane. It was found that discrete displacement as well as continuous motion of the test and inducing points produced substantial amounts of induction. In experiment 2 the inducing points were continuously moved in stereoscopic distance rather than remaining in an apparent frontoparallel plane. A large amount of apparent motion in depth was found in the vertically moving test point and was interpreted as an induced motion in depth. In experiment 3 an alternative interpretation of the phenomenon of experiment 2, in terms of an apparent vergence for the two images of the test point, was investigated and found to be unlikely. In experiment 4, with all the points moving continuously in a frontoparallel plane, eye motions as well as induced motions were measured, with the observer fixating either the test point or an inducing point. Substantial amounts of induction were obtained under both conditions of fixation. The consequences of these findings for theories of induced motion are discussed.

scholarly journals Illusory motion in depth: Aftereffect of adaptation to changing size

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Regan ◽  
K.I. Beverley
Keyword(s):  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Motion In Depth

A Variant of the Anomalous Motion Illusion Based upon Contrast and Visual Latency

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5362 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiyoshi Kitaoka ◽  
Hiroshi Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Motion In Depth ◽  
Contrast Pattern ◽  
Pulfrich Effect ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Visual Delay

We examined a variant of the anomalous motion illusion. In a series of experiments, we ascertained luminance contrast to be the critical factor. Low-contrast random dots showed longer latency than high-contrast ones, irrespective of whether they were dark or light (experiments 1–3). We conjecture that this illusion may share the same mechanism with the Hess effect, which is characterised by visual delay of a low-contrast, dark stimulus in a moving situation. Since the Hess effect is known as the monocular version of the Pulfrich effect, we examined whether illusory motion in depth could be observed if a high-contrast pattern was projected to one eye and the same pattern of low-contrast was presented to the other eye, and they were binocularly fused and swayed horizontally. Observers then reported illusory motion in depth when the low-contrast pattern was dark, but they did not when it was bright (experiment 4). Possible explanations of this inconsistency are discussed.

Spatial and Temporal Frequency Tuning of Motion-in-Depth Aftereffect

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (7) ◽  
pp. 1015-1022
Author(s):  
Sheng Ge ◽  
Makoto Ichikawa ◽  
Atsushi Osa ◽  
Keiji Iramina ◽  
Hidetoshi Miike
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Motion In Depth

Microscopic understanding of particle-matrix interaction in magnetic hybrid materials by element-specific spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Landers ◽  
Soma Salamon ◽  
Samira Webers ◽  
Heiko Wende
Keyword(s):  
Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Mossbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Translational Motion ◽  
Particle Dynamics ◽  
Spin Alignment ◽  
Particle Mobility ◽  
Mößbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ac Susceptometry

Abstract Mössbauer spectroscopy is a well-known technique to study complex magnetic structures, due to its sensitivity to electronic and magnetic interactions of the probed nucleus with its electronic surrounding. It has also been applied to the emerging fields of magnetic hybrid materials as well as to ferrofluids, as information on the magnetic alignment and the velocity of the probed nucleus, i.e. of the particle it is embedded in, can be inferred from the spectra in addition to the above-mentioned quantities. Considering the wide range of preparation methods and sample properties, including fluids, particle powders, sintered pellets, polymer matrices and viscoelastic hydrogels, a considerable advantage of Mössbauer spectroscopy is the usage of γ-photons. This allows measurements on opaque samples, for which optical experiments are usually not feasible, also making the technique relatively independent of specific sample geometries or preparation. Using iron oxide nanoparticles in glycerol solution as an exemplary material here, the variety of system parameters simultaneously accessible via Mössbauer spectroscopy can be demonstrated: Spectra recorded for particles of different sizes provided information on the particles’ Brownian dynamics, including the effect of the shell thickness on their hydrodynamic diameter, the presence (or absence) and ballpark frequency of Néel superspin relaxation as well as the particles’ average magnetic orientation in external magnetic fields. For single-core particles, this resulted in the observation of standard Langevin-type alignment behavior. Mössbauer spectra additionally provide information on the absolute degree of spin alignment, also allowing the determination of the degree of surface spin canting, which limits the maximum magnetization of ferrofluid samples. Analyzing the alignment behavior of agglomerated particles for comparison, we found a completely different trend, in which spin alignment was further hindered by the competition of easy magnetic directions. More complex particle dynamics are observed when going from ferrofluids to hybrid materials, where the particle mobility and alignability depends not only on the particles’ shape and material, but also on the matrices’ inner structure and the acting force-transfer mechanism between particles and the surrounding medium. In ferrohydrogels for example, particle mobility in terms of Mössbauer spectroscopy was probed for different crosslinker concentrations, resulting in widely different mesh-sizes of the polymer network and different degrees of freedom. While a decrease in particle dynamics is clearly visible in Mössbauer spectroscopy upon rising crosslinker density, complementary AC-susceptometry experiments indicated no Brownian motion on the expected timescales. This apparent contradiction could, however, be explained by the different timescales of the experiments, probing either the relatively free Brownian motion on ultrashort timescales or the more bound state preventing extensive particle motion by interaction with the trapping mesh walls in the millisecond regime. However, it should also be considered that the effect of the surroundings on particle rotation in AC-susceptometry may also differ from the variation in translational motion, probed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Being sensitive mainly to translational motion also results in a wide range of particles to be accessible for studies via Mössbauer spectroscopy, including larger agglomerates embedded in polymers, intended for remote-controlled heating. Despite the agglomerates’ wide distribution in effective diameters, information on particle motion was found to be in good agreement with AC-susceptometry experiments at ultralow frequencies in and above the polymer melting region, while additionally giving insight into Néel relaxation of the individual nanoparticles and their magnetic structure.

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