Calculation of excess properties, phase equilibria, and global phase diagrams of mixtures containing refrigerants

10.1068/hte9 ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 27/28 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Andreas Bolz ◽  
Nico Dahmen ◽  
Ulrich Deiters
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Excess Properties ◽  
Global Phase Diagrams

scholarly journals Origin and use of crystallization phase diagrams

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Excess Properties ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Thermodynamic Excess Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Excess

Crystallization phase diagrams are frequently used to conceptualize the phase relations and also the processes taking place during the crystallization of macromolecules. While a great deal of freedom is given in crystallization phase diagrams owing to a lack of specific knowledge about the actual phase boundaries and phase equilibria, crucial fundamental features of phase diagrams can be derived from thermodynamic first principles. Consequently, there are limits to what can be reasonably displayed in a phase diagram, and imagination may start to conflict with thermodynamic realities. Here, the commonly used `crystallization phase diagrams' are derived from thermodynamic excess properties and their limitations and appropriate use is discussed.

Phase Equilibria and Phase Diagrams of the Mn2+, Mg2+, NH4+//SO42–H2O System at 298.15, 323.15, and 373.15 K

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 3091-3102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Yaoyao Li ◽  
Wenxuan Li ◽  
Huan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams

Prediction of phase equilibria and excess properties for systems with sulfones

AIChE Journal ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Wittig ◽  
Jürgen Lohmann ◽  
Jürgen Gmehling
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Excess Properties

Phase Equilibria in a Liquid Metal of Fe-La-Ce-O System at 1600 °С

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennady G. Mikhailov ◽  
L.A. Makrovets ◽  
O.V. Samoilova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Liquid Oxygen ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
Steelmaking Technology

Thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in a liquid metal of Fe–La–Ce–O system at 1600 °С, using the technique of constructing the solubility surfaces for the components of a metal, was carried out. The calculation technique allowed assessing the depth of liquid iron de-oxidation at a complex use of lanthanum and cerium as deoxidizing agents. Also, diagrams of de-oxidants’ consumption for one ton of liquid oxygen-containing iron were calculated in the course of the work. Carrying out a calculation of the solubility surfaces for the components of a metal required simulation of phase diagrams of the following oxide systems: FeO–La2O3–Ce2O3, FeO–CeO2–La2O3, CeO2–La2O3–Ce2O3. The obtained results might be of interest for optimization of the use of rare-earth metals in steelmaking technology.

Phase Chemistry and Thermal Chemistry on the Calcium-Containing Brine Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Bai Hui Bu ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Ya Fei Guo ◽  
Shi Qiang Wang ◽  
Tian Long Deng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Thermal Chemistry ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Phase Chemistry

It is well known that phase equilibria and phase diagrams can successfully guide the comprehensive utilization of the salt lake resources. The researches on phase chemistry and thermal chemistry of the calcium-containing brine system are essential to promote the development of brines. In this paper, the progresses on the phase chemistry and thermal chemistry of the calcium-containing brine system around the world from 2007 up to now were summarized. The problems existed and the new trends in the future were also carried out.

scholarly journals Phase Equilibria and Phase Diagrams for the Ternary Aqueous System Containing Lithium, Sodium, and Pentaborate Ions at 298.15 and 323.15 K and 101.325 kPa

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Panpan Li ◽  
Kaiyu Zhao ◽  
Shangqing Chen ◽  
Jiayin Hu ◽  
Yafei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Invariant Point ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Eutectic Type ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Sodium Pentaborate Pentahydrate ◽  
Experimental Values

Phase equilibria and phase diagrams for the ternary aqueous system containing lithium, sodium, and pentaborate ions at 298.15 and 323.15 K and 101.325 kPa were investigated by the methods of isothermal dissolution equilibrium. From the experimental data, the phase diagrams and the diagrams of physicochemical properties versus composition of lithium pentaborate in the equilibrium systems were plotted, respectively. The phase diagrams of the ternary system LiB5O8 + NaB5O8 + H2O at two temperatures contain one invariant point, two univariant curves, and two crystallization regions corresponding to sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB5O8·5H2O) and lithium pentaborate pentahydrate (LiB5O8·5H2O). Due to the different dissolution behaviors of pentaborate salts in the aqueous systems, the component of LiB5O8 has a relatively strong effect on the solubility of NaB5O8. It was found that this system belongs to a simple eutectic type at two temperatures, and neither double salts nor solid solutions were formed. The densities and refractive indices in the ternary system at 298.15 and 323.15 K are as similar as changing regularly with the increase of LiB5O8 concentration. On the basis of empirical equations of the density and refractive index in electrolytes, the calculated values of density and refractive index agreed well with the experimental values at two temperatures.

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