Industrial Restructuring, Local Politics and the Reproduction of Labour Power: Some Theoretical Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Warde
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Labour Power ◽  
Factory Regime

The industrial restructuring thesis is criticised for offering too limited an explanation of local political consequences. A more elaborate model is developed to connect industrial change and local political behaviour. Burawoy's concept of factory regime and Castells' analysis of collective consumption are scrutinised to establish connections between production processes, labour-market conditions, patterns in the reproduction of labour power, and local political practices. These links are illustrated empirically by reference to a local case-study of a town in northwest England. The model is developed in terms of the operation of three mechanisms which underlie local political practices: factory regime, local labour-market, and mode of the provision of services.

‘Invisible Threads’: Homeworking, Labour-Market Relations, and Industrial Restructuring in the Australian Clothing Trade

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Peck
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
Labour Process ◽  
Production Flexibility ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Market Restructuring ◽  
Urban Labour Market

By way of an examination of the contemporary reemergence of homeworking in the Australian clothing industry, some of the links between industrial and labour-market restructuring are explored. The growth of homeworking reflects not only the pressures placed on clothing firms to reduce costs and enhance production flexibility (increasingly, the ‘conventional wisdom’ explanations), but also represents an attempt on the part of these firms to reconstruct their urban labour-market relations. It is argued that labour-market considerations warrant attention alongside those considerations pertaining to the labour process which are usually prioritised in the literature on industrial restructuring. The case of homeworking reveals some of the ways in which labour-market processes (such as the gendered nature of labour supplies, the ethnic segmentation of the labour force, and the contours of interindustry competition for labour) exert a powerful influence upon the nature of industrial change. Moreover, questions about the development, by firms and by industries, of characteristic urban labour-market relations are also raised.

Declining Physical Activity and the Socio-Cultural Context of the Geography of Industrial Restructuring: A Novel Conceptual Framework

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Rind ◽  
Andy Jones
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
Employment Decline

Background:At the population level, the prevalence of physical activity has declined considerably in many developed countries in recent decades. There is some evidence that areas exhibiting the lowest activity levels are those which have undergone a particularly strong transition away from employment in physically demanding occupations. We propose that processes of deindustrialization may be causally linked to unexplained geographical disparities in levels of physical activity. While the sociocultural correlates of physical activity have been well studied, and prior conceptual frameworks have been developed to explain more general patterns of activity, none have explicitly attempted to identify the components of industrial change that may impact physical activity.Methods:In this work we review the current literature on sociocultural correlates of health behaviors before using a case study centered on the United Kingdom to present a novel framework that links industrial change to declining levels of physical activity.Results:We developed a comprehensive model linking sociocultural correlates of physical activity to processes associated with industrial restructuring and discuss implication for policy and practice.Conclusions:A better understanding of sociocultural processes may help to ameliorate adverse health consequences of employment decline in communities that have experienced substantial losses of manual employment.

Industrial Restructuring and Change in the Labour and Property Markets in Britain

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Thorns
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
House Price ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Property Markets ◽  
Tenure Structure

This paper seeks to identify the interrelationships between the labour and property markets and the role of regions and the local state in Britain in order to assess their effects upon the structure of opportunities. The labour market changes over the postwar period have resulted in labour shedding in the older heavy industries and in mining and quarrying, leading to changes both in the composition and in the location of the work force. During the same period there have been major changes in the tenure structure of housing with the growth of owner occupation. There is a strong relationship between the areas which have a buoyant labour market and those which have a high rate of house price increase. The implications of these changes in the labour and property markets are examined in relation to mobility and class structure.

O'Connor's Sectoral Model of the United States Economy: Examining Some Political Consequences

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Nackenoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
United States Economy ◽  
Growth And Change

During the past fifteen years, several economists, historians and sociologists have propounded a sectoral model of economic growth and change in the United States. According to this analysis, as large-scale, monopolistic enterprises began to emerge in the late nineteenth century, different investment considerations and labour market requirements were also evolving. A dual economy was beginning to be formed. The large-scale capital sector, and the small-scale capital sector each had its own economic environment of conduct. Each sector tended, too, to develop its own corresponding labour market, with monopoly sector or ‘core’ firms holding out certain economic advantages for employees: money, job security, benefits, and opportunities for advancement within the firm. Thus, the work experience in these two sectors increasingly diverged. Even if the large-scale capital sector did offer economic advantages, growth tended to be capital-intensive, and the growth of employment in this sector slowed down, and then stopped by the end of the Second World War. Employment shifted to trades and services, with lower wage rates, and, of course, to the public sector, which currently employs nearly a third of the American workforce.

Virtual Laboratory of Pneumatics Systems Building

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kosˇt’a´l ◽  
Karol Veli´sˇek ◽  
Andrea Mudrikova´
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Virtual Laboratory ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Student Opinions ◽  
The University ◽  
University Training ◽  
Labour Power ◽  
Education Process

Virtual laboratory of pneumatic and electro pneumatic systems will be used for learning of pneumatic and electro pneumatic schemes design principles. Rapid changeable conditions on labour market are on one side connected with international countries integration and on the other side the conditions are connected with rapid technological development. These changeable conditions are so creating new pressure to the employee competitions. Labour power is an important development aspect of present day informatics society. This importance can be found on firm level as well as in global economic development use. Labours which are suitable and high qualified for these conditions can be found in groups of university educated graduates. Especially we are talking about graduates of economy and technical universities. This kind of graduates is very required on the labour market. Researches operating about employers requirements and also operating about student opinions to the university training are indicating that teaching schedules and education process are not creating for praxis requirements. That mean, that universities have to teach special practical knowledge and skills re-bound to the praxis and its needs.

Demokracja nieliberalna jako projekt polityczny

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 11-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Antoszewski
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Illiberal Democracy ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
Second World

Illiberal democracy seems to be one of the most important topics for political scientists studying the process of post­communist democratisation. It may be – and often has been – considered as a real alternative for models of democracy developing in the Western political hemisphere. This article focuses on the sources of crisis of liberal democracy and possible political consequences of its replacing by an illiberal vision of political system. Author hypothesises that making illiberal democracy real requires the reinterpretation of main democratic principles, such as representation or separation of powers, as well as abandoning of political consensus, present in consolidated West European democracies after the Second World War, and, in effect, fundamental change of patterns of political behaviour. The question of the future of illiberal democracy is also posed and three possible scenarios are considered.

Public Enterprise as an Expression of Sovereignty: Reconsidering the Origin of Canadian National Railways

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-52
Author(s):  
Anthony Perl
Keyword(s):  
International Economics ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
State Autonomy ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Gains And Losses

AbstractRailway nationalization, the anvil on which national public enterprise was hammered together between 1917 and 1923, forms a misunderstood episode in the development of the Canadian state. This article examines the convergence of domestic politics and international economics that facilitated an unprecedented transformation of Canada's capacity to control its economy. State autonomy was used to create public enterprise as an instrument by which the gains of industrial restructuring could be distributed to favoured domestic financiers while its costs were imposed upon foreign investors. This power to manage the gains and losses arising from industrial change formed a new expression of economic sovereignty, one that ought to be viewed as an important step in the transition from imperial to national governance.

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