Predicting the Consequences of a Nuclear Attack on Britain: Models, Results, and Implications for Public Policy

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Openshaw ◽  
P Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nuclear Attack ◽  
False Sense

The paper describes the structure of a suite of linked computer models of the sort used by central government to predict the effects of nuclear war on civilian populations. The models are used to report the casualties that could result from two attack scenarios; one is based on the 1980 Home Defence exercise codenamed ‘Square-Leg’, and the other is devised by the authors. A number of different sensitivity analyses are also performed. The results indicate that current official estimates about the numbers of casualties are highly optimistic. Current Home Defence policies involve a fraudulent attempt, in the authors' view, to lull the public into a false sense of safety. It is hoped that this paper will be the beginning of a more informed and open public and political debate about a subject which hitherto has escaped academic attention.

As Heard on…

2021 ◽  
pp. 603-624
Author(s):  
Justin Patch
Keyword(s):  
Online Advertising ◽  
Political Advertising ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Film Scores ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Times ◽  
Musical Elements

The musical elements of political advertising change with the times. From songsters, contrafactum songs with lyrics that extoll one candidate or party and denigrate the other, to television and radio jingles and online ads, the aesthetics of the campaign mirror the media diet of the public. Early television ads imitated jingles of the day: They were simple, catchy, and repetitive. Both Eisenhower’s “Ike for President” and Kennedy’s “Kennedy” follow this mold. Johnson’s 1964 campaign breaks this mold with “Daisy,” an anti-Goldwater ad known for deploying the eerie sounds of nuclear war. Successive campaigns sought to use a similar recipe, employing cues from film scores and trailers to dictate the emotional content of the ad. Recently, online advertising has bloomed, including tribute videos and promotional spots made by citizens and submitted to the campaign, adding grassroots allure and authenticity.

UK E-Voting

2010 ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Mark Liptrott
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Policy Process ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Voluntary Adoption ◽  
Elected Representatives

This chapter evaluates the UK government strategy to promote electronic voting through the public policy process as an integral part of the e-government agenda to enhance participatory democracy. It argues that the formulation of the present policy is flawed as it lacks a diffusion strategy to enhance the likelihood of policy adoption. The electoral modernisation policy arose from concerns regarding the falling voter turnout at elections and is being introduced via local authorities through a series of voluntary pilot schemes. If issues influencing local authority pilot participation are not resolved e-voting may be permanently rejected by local elected representatives and so will not be available to citizens. This author identifies variables influencing pilot participation and suggests a revised public policy model incorporating selected diffusion concepts at the formulation stage of the linear policy process. The model is used to propose recommendations to enhance the likelihood of voluntary adoption of a policy introduced by central government for voluntary implementation by local government.

Philosophers and Public Policy

Worldview ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Bernard Murchland
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Forum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Obligations ◽  
Professional Philosopher ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scene

When I first began to study philosophy, there was not much concern with its political implications. One thought of philosophers as being a few removes from the public forum, concerned with loftier matters, operating far from the untidiness of the social scene in a cool oasis where the imagination could play and consciousness unfold at its own pace. It was a pure world, to be sure, and the purist view is by no means an obsolete one. Just the other day I heard a well-known philosopher in heated argument with a campus activist say that the responsibilities of a professional philosopher end with his profession, that his political obligations qua philosopher were nil.

Looking At the Other Side

2016 ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
Rebecca English ◽  
Shaun Nykvist
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Policy Work ◽  
Vaccine Information

The choice to vaccinate or not to vaccinate a child is usually an ‘informed decision', however, it is how this decision is informed which is of most importance. More frequently, families are turning to the Internet, in particular social media, as a data source to support their decisions. However, much of the online information may be unscientific or biased. While issues such as vaccination will always see dissenting voices, engaging with that ‘other side' is difficult in the public policy debate which is informed by evidence based science. This chapter investigates the other side in light of the growing adoption and reliance on social media as a source of anti-vaccine information. The study adopts a qualitative approach to data collection and is based on a critical discourse analysis of online social media discourse. The findings demonstrate the valuable contribution this approach can make to public policy work in vaccination.

Defining Disability in Theory and Practice: A Critique of the British Disability Discrimination Act 1995

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROL WOODHAMS ◽  
SUSAN CORBY
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Evidence ◽  
Disability Discrimination ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disability Discrimination Act ◽  
Definition Of

This article presents a theoretical critique of the employment provisions of the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) (1995), focusing on the definition of disability. It argues that the underpinning medical assumption of the statutory definition of disability is detrimental to the achievement of disability equality in the workplace and is problematic for practitioners and Employment Tribunals. In particular there are four areas of significant confusion arising from the need for medical evidence, the lack of congruence between managerial and legal definitions, the focus on the negative aspects of disability and the fact that disability is often hidden. By exploring these four themes and drawing on comparisons with the other equality laws, the article concludes that the definition of disability contained in the DDA (1995) contradicts many of the principles of the liberal equality framework that underpins it. Finally the article considers the public policy implications and suggests a new statutory approach.

Parties Cannot Agree To Give Jurisdiction To Dubai Court If the Defendant Has a Place of Domicile in Another Emirate of the Uae

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contractual Arrangement ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
Judicial Authority

AbstractIn a judgment delivered by the Dubai Court of Cassation, where the Court of Cassation upheld the judgment delivered by the lower courts, the court held that as per Article 104 of the UAE Provisional Constitution, the judicial authority in Dubai was independent from the federal judicial authorities application in the other emirates. Therefore it was not admissible for the parties to contract to agree to give jurisdiction to the Dubai Court unless the Dubai Court already has jurisdiction to hear the matter. Therefore, the parties cannot give jurisdiction to the Dubai Court by contract if the jurisdiction falls originally within the jurisdiction of another emirate, as this will be contrary to the public policy and the UAE Constitution. If the jurisdiction falls in the federal court, the matter should be brought before the federal court and not the Dubai Court as Dubai has an independent judicial system. On the other hand, if the matter falls within the jurisdiction of the Dubai Court, the matter may not be litigated in another federal court. The parties therefore may not contract to give jurisdiction either to the federal or the local court, unless that court has jurisdiction, by virtue of a contractual arrangement between the parties.

scholarly journals CIVIL LITIGATION NEGLIGENCE AND THE MALAYSIAN ADVOCATE

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baharuddeen Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Civil Litigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Court Of Appeal ◽  
Alternative Sanctions

Civil litigation negligence now stands on a surer footingfollowing cases from Canada, England and elsewhere which lay emphasis on theadversarial system rather than the structure of the profession, and immunityhas now been almost completely abolished by judicial decisions. In Malaysia,the basis of legal professional liability is expected to be re-aligned to beconsistent with the other common law countries that have abolished immunity.The questions that necessitate consideration are therefore acts that wouldconstitute negligence and those that are excusable, the relevant defences, and,of course, the alternative sanctions to civil litigation for this type ofnegligence. The fused nature of the profession in Malaysia, perceived to bemore burdensome to its members, raises the question of the appropriate standardof the duty of skill and care.(For the purposes of this article an ‘advocate’ refers to theMalaysian (and Singaporean) lawyer, who as a member of a ‘true fused’ profession,engages in litigation or ‘contentious business’ as defined in s. 3 of the LegalProfession Act 1976.) {The writer is of the firm view that criminal casesshould be considered separately from civil cases because of the difference inthe law of procedure relating to the preparation of a case for presentation incourt and the public policy considerations peculiar to each type of case asseen in the approach taken by the House of Lords in Arthur J.S. Hall vSimons in which separate judgments were delivered for each type of case.And in Rees v Sinclair [1974] 1 NZLR 180, a civil case, in whichthe New Zealand Court of Appeal did not consider the position in criminalcases.}

scholarly journals Reflexiones en torno a la política pública de vivienda en Chile: entre el proceso y la mercancía, entre lo técnico y lo social

2017 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Alejandra Sofía Rivas Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Politica Publica

El presente artículo expone una reflexión sobre las especificidades delproceso de mercantilización de la vivienda social en Chile, analizandoparticularmente la concepción mecánica del hábitat y la consecuentedescomposición de la vivienda en dimensiones técnicas constructivas,por un lado, y sociales, por el otro, junto con el desconocimiento de otrosantecedentes, diferentes a los propuestos desde el conocimiento en el quese ampara la política pública. Teniendo en consideración esta dicotomíaque marca la ejecución de la política de vivienda chilena, se tematiza el roldel discurso experto en la naturalización de las soluciones habitacionalespropuestas, en la justificación de sus formas de producción y en la opacidad de su estrecha relación con las lógicas económicas dominantes, logrando con ello separar a las personas del diseño del hábitat residencial.Palabras clave: política habitacional, vivienda social, vivienda-mercancía,conocimiento técnico, habitar.Reflections on housing public policy in Chile: between the process and the goods, between the technical and the socialAbstractThis article presents a reflection on the specificities of the process of commodification of social housing in Chile, analyzing, particularly, the mechanical conception of habitat and the consequent decomposition of the houses in technical constructive dimensions, on one hand, and social, on the other; along with the ignorance of other knowledges, different from those proposed in the knowledge that protects the public policies. Considering this the role of the expert discourse in the naturalization of the proposed housing solutions, in the justification of its forms of production and in the opacity of its close relation with the dominant economic logics, thereby separating people from the design of the residential habitat. dichotomy that marks the execution of the Chilean housing policy, it presents. keywords: housing policy, social housing, housing-commodity, technical knowledge, live. Reflexões sobre a política pública de habitação no Chile: entre o processo e a mercadoria entre o técnico e o social Resumo O presente artigo expõe uma reflexão sobre as especificidades do processo de mercantilização da habitação social no Chile, analisando, em particular a conceição mecânica do habitat e da consequente decomposição da morada em quanto a dimensões técnicas de construção, por uma parte, e sociais, pelo outro, juntamente com a falta de outras noções, diferentes as propostas desde o conhecimento onde a política pública se baseia. Considerando esta dicotomia que marca a execução da política habitacional chilena, tematiza-se o papel do discurso experto na naturalização das soluções habitacionais propostas, na justificação de suas formas de produção e na opacidade de seu estreito relacionamento com as lógicas económicas dominantes, logrando assim separar as pessoas do desenho do habitat residencial. Palavras-chave: política de habitação, habitação social, habitação – mercancia, conhecimento técnico, habitar.

scholarly journals Reflexiones en torno a la política pública de vivienda en Chile: entre el proceso y la mercancía, entre lo técnico y lo social

2017 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Alejandra Sofía Rivas Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Politica Publica

El presente artículo expone una reflexión sobre las especificidades delproceso de mercantilización de la vivienda social en Chile, analizandoparticularmente la concepción mecánica del hábitat y la consecuentedescomposición de la vivienda en dimensiones técnicas constructivas,por un lado, y sociales, por el otro, junto con el desconocimiento de otrosantecedentes, diferentes a los propuestos desde el conocimiento en el quese ampara la política pública. Teniendo en consideración esta dicotomíaque marca la ejecución de la política de vivienda chilena, se tematiza el roldel discurso experto en la naturalización de las soluciones habitacionalespropuestas, en la justificación de sus formas de producción y en la opacidad de su estrecha relación con las lógicas económicas dominantes, logrando con ello separar a las personas del diseño del hábitat residencial.Palabras clave: política habitacional, vivienda social, vivienda-mercancía,conocimiento técnico, habitar.Reflections on housing public policy in Chile: between the process and the goods, between the technical and the socialAbstractThis article presents a reflection on the specificities of the process of commodification of social housing in Chile, analyzing, particularly, the mechanical conception of habitat and the consequent decomposition of the houses in technical constructive dimensions, on one hand, and social, on the other; along with the ignorance of other knowledges, different from those proposed in the knowledge that protects the public policies. Considering this the role of the expert discourse in the naturalization of the proposed housing solutions, in the justification of its forms of production and in the opacity of its close relation with the dominant economic logics, thereby separating people from the design of the residential habitat. dichotomy that marks the execution of the Chilean housing policy, it presents. keywords: housing policy, social housing, housing-commodity, technical knowledge, live. Reflexões sobre a política pública de habitação no Chile: entre o processo e a mercadoria entre o técnico e o social Resumo O presente artigo expõe uma reflexão sobre as especificidades do processo de mercantilização da habitação social no Chile, analisando, em particular a conceição mecânica do habitat e da consequente decomposição da morada em quanto a dimensões técnicas de construção, por uma parte, e sociais, pelo outro, juntamente com a falta de outras noções, diferentes as propostas desde o conhecimento onde a política pública se baseia. Considerando esta dicotomia que marca a execução da política habitacional chilena, tematiza-se o papel do discurso experto na naturalização das soluções habitacionais propostas, na justificação de suas formas de produção e na opacidade de seu estreito relacionamento com as lógicas económicas dominantes, logrando assim separar as pessoas do desenho do habitat residencial. Palavras-chave: política de habitação, habitação social, habitação – mercancia, conhecimento técnico, habitar.

Introducing Political Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Walton ◽  
William Abel ◽  
Elizabeth Kahn ◽  
Tom Parr
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Distinct Area

Should the state permit euthanasia? Should it prohibit recreational drug use? Should it ban hate speech? Should it grant members of minority groups exemptions from otherwise universal laws? When, if ever, should it intervene in the affairs of other states to prevent human rights abuses? All of these questions have been prominent in political debate over the last fifty years, and there remains plenty of dispute about them at the start of the 2020s. Political arguments about public policy are an apt subject of philosophical analysis—or, in other words, they present a prime opportunity to do some political philosophy. This book provides an introduction to political philosophy by theorizing about public policy. Each of the chapters draws on the tools of political philosophy to explore a distinct area of public policy. Each case identifies some of the moral threads that run through the public policy debate; explains the philosophical positions taken by the various sides; introduces the academic literature that supports these positions; and examines the strengths and weaknesses of the competing views.

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