Using an Agent-Based Crime Simulation to Predict the Effects of Urban Regeneration on Individual Household Burglary Risk

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Malleson ◽  
Alison Heppenstall ◽  
Linda See ◽  
Andrew Evans
Keyword(s):  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Burglary Risk

scholarly journals Towards victim-oriented crime modelling in a social science e-infrastructure

2011 ◽  
Vol 369 (1949) ◽  
pp. 3353-3371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Malleson ◽  
Mark Birkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Realistic Representation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Burglary Risk

The National e-Infrastructure for Social Simulation (NeISS) is a multi-disciplinary collaboration between computation and social science within the UK Digital Social Research programme. The project aims to develop new tools and services for social scientists and planners to assist in performing ‘what-if’ scenario predictions in a variety of policy contexts. A key part of the NeISS remit is to explore real-world scenarios and evaluate real policy applications. Research into the processes and drivers behind crime is an important application area that has major implications for both improving crime-related policy and developing effective crime prevention strategies. This paper will discuss how the current e-infrastructure and available microsimulation tools can be used to improve an existing agent-based burglary simulation (BurgdSIM) by including a more realistic representation of the victims of crime. Results show that the model produces different spatial patterns when individual-level victim data are used and a risk profile of the synthetic victims suggests which types of people have the largest burglary risk.

Fujita and Ogawa Revisited: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J Heikkila ◽  
Yiming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Bidding Behavior ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Market Interactions ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Classic Paper

This paper builds on and extends a classic paper (hereafter referred to as F–O) published by Masahisa Fujita and Hideaki Ogawa in 1982. Their paper models the emergence of urban centers brought about by household and firm location decisions in the context of spatially differentiated labor and land market interactions. Their approach is an analytical one that seeks to characterize the equilibrium values of the system. In contrast, we employ an agent-based modeling (ABM) approach that seeks to replicate the individual household and firm behaviors that lead to equilibrium or nonequilibrium outcomes. The F–O model has little to say about what happens outside of equilibrium, while the ABM approach is preoccupied with this question and is particularly well suited to address questions of path dependency and bounded rationality that lie well beyond the scope of the F–O original. We demonstrate that the urban outcomes that emerge depend critically upon the bidding behavior of agents and the institutional context within which their decisions are made.

Total etch dentin bonding systems: scanning electron microscopy of the resin-dentin hybrid layer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1092-1093
Author(s):  
Jorge Perdigao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Mechanical Interlocking ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Acid Agent ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Bonding Systems ◽  
New Generation

In 1955, Buonocore introduced the etching of enamel with phosphoric acid. Bonding to enamel was created by mechanical interlocking of resin tags with enamel prisms. Enamel is an inert tissue whose main component is hydroxyapatite (98% by weight). Conversely, dentin is a wet living tissue crossed by tubules containing cellular extensions of the dental pulp. Dentin consists of 18% of organic material, primarily collagen. Several generations of dentin bonding systems (DBS) have been studied in the last 20 years. The dentin bond strengths associated with these DBS have been constantly lower than the enamel bond strengths. Recently, a new generation of DBS has been described. They are applied in three steps: an acid agent on enamel and dentin (total etch technique), two mixed primers and a bonding agent based on a methacrylate resin. They are supposed to bond composite resin to wet dentin through dentin organic component, forming a peculiar blended structure that is part tooth and part resin: the hybrid layer.

EDITORIAL Urban Regeneration

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Oatley
Keyword(s):  
Urban Regeneration
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