Intermediaries and the Governance of Choice: The Case of Green Electricity Labelling

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 2014-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Rohracher
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Private Governance ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Green Electricity ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Intermediary Organisations

This paper is about the reframing of electricity markets as a strategically oriented nonstate governance activity of intermediary organisations. In particular, it is centred on the establishment of ‘green’ electricity labels by environmental and other nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) as an attempt to establish and shape a market for green electricity. Such labels serve as a ‘boundary object’ between electricity generators, suppliers, consumers, and regulators, and are analysed as the creation of new sociotechnical arrangements around green electricity generation and use. The analysis also shows that private governance initiatives of this kind are highly interdependent with state regulatory systems. NGOs have played a vital role in defining and negotiating such standards, enrolling and aligning supply-side and demand-side actors, communicating with a wider public and building trust for the respective products, establishing links with regulators, and shaping policies for renewable electricity at national and European levels. The cases of electricity labelling investigated are an example of new political strategies of civil society intermediary organisations in an increasingly market-driven environment.

Fostering Renewable Electricity Markets in North America

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Windgate ◽  
Jan Hamrin ◽  
Claudio Alatorre
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Renewable Electricity

Strategic Decisions for Green Electricity Marketing

2011 ◽  
pp. 2589-2605
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Plaza ◽  
Pedro Linares
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Green Electricity ◽  
The U.S

Green electricity (GE) has emerged as one of the most interesting instruments for promoting renewable electricity in liberalized markets, at least in theory. Indeed, some experiences have already been carried out, mostly in the U.S. and Europe. However, most of them have been largely unsuccessful. In this chapter, we look at previous surveys and studies carried out on customer response, and provide a review of the most relevant results achieved by GE experiences, in order to learn from them. As a result, we provide what we believe are the key strategic recommendations for green electricity retailers to launch a successful GE program. Although the green electricity market remains a difficult one, several improvements can be achieved by learning from past mistakes and carefully analysing the alternatives and the boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Hourly modelling of Thermal Hydrogen electricity markets

Clean Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-287
Author(s):  
Jared Moore ◽  
Noah Meeks
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Electric Transmission ◽  
Capacity Markets ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Abstract The hourly operation of Thermal Hydrogen electricity markets is modelled. The economic values for all applicable chemical commodities are quantified (syngas, ammonia, methanol and oxygen) and an hourly electricity model is constructed to mimic the dispatch of key technologies: bi-directional power plants, dual-fuel heating systems and plug-in fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicles. The operation of key technologies determines hourly electricity prices and an optimization model adjusts the capacity to minimize electricity prices yet allow all generators to recover costs. We examine 12 cost scenarios for renewables, nuclear and natural gas; the results demonstrate emissions-free, ‘energy-only’ electricity markets whose supply is largely dominated by renewables. The economic outcome is made possible in part by seizing the full supply-chain value from electrolysis (both hydrogen and oxygen), which allows an increased willingness to pay for (renewable) electricity. The wholesale electricity prices average $25–$45/MWh, or just slightly higher than the assumed levelized cost of renewable energy. This implies very competitive electricity prices, particularly given the lack of need for ‘scarcity’ pricing, capacity markets, dedicated electricity storage or underutilized electric transmission and distribution capacity.

Blockchain insisted resilience enhancement of power electricity markets using distributed energy trading

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipanjan Bose ◽  
Chandan Kumar Chanda ◽  
Abhijit Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Security Technologies ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Distribution Process

Abstract The resilience of the power grid is taking a vital role in the energy supply and distribution process. But due to the rapid growth of integration of renewable distributed energy sources to the traditional power grid, the nature of the trading system is shifted from the centralized to decentralized or distributed manner. Blockchain is one of the most emerging security technologies that change the dimension of the financial and energy sector with openness and complete freedom. Blockchain implemented distributed energy trading promotes decentralized electricity markets. The physical system consists of the planning of the routing of energy from one place to another. A user can not send power to another customer in any severe outage or natural disaster in a traditional system. The user cannot participate in the trade globally. So in this proposed methodology, the connections of each customer to the central grid through several microgrids have been shown. In this work, an innovative approach in trading and finding a solution to a payment method is proposed. Ethereum blockchain-based smart contracts completed the entire trading system in automation mode in our proposed system. Any power outage at one place can be compensated by routing a new path of energy inflow from another active source, which enhances the system’s resiliency to a certain degree. While trading, no third parties will be engaged so that the transaction is efficient and fast.

scholarly journals Tracing Failure of Coral Reef Protection in Nonstate Market-Driven Governance

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Bloomfield ◽  
Philip Schleifer
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Private Governance ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Mission Creep ◽  
Institutional Failure ◽  
Path Dependencies ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Coral Reef Protection

Institutional failure remains an important blind spot in the private governance literature. In this article we argue that a focus on scope conditions alone cannot explain why some programs thrive while others cease to exist. Studying the now-defunct Marine Aquarium Council—a certification program for coral reef protection—we adopt an institutional-process approach to fill this gap. Our main points can be summarized in a two-step argument: First, we argue that the scope conditions of private governance are partly endogenous to these processes. Through making strategic decisions, private governance programs have a certain level of control over their environment, and thus over the scope conditions under which they operate. Second, initial choices often unfold path dependencies over time. By tracing the evolution of the Marine Aquarium Council, we illustrate the program’s “mission creep” and the “vicious cycle” of self-reinforcing activity that culminated in its failure.

scholarly journals Towards a Blockchain Contract-for-Difference Financial Instrument for Hedging Renewable Electricity Transactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olakunle Alao ◽  
Paul Cuffe
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Expected Performance

Contract-for-Difference financial instruments are available to renewable electricity generators in day-ahead electricity markets to allow them to hedge against revenue risk. Traditional CfDs while designed to hedge revenue risk, introduce other new risks such as counterparty credit, margining and third-party risks. We therefore propose a novel financial instrument - an Ethereum blockchain-based dual escrow smart contract, to serve as the mediator in a CfD agreement between a renewable electricity generator and supplier. This financial instrument addresses hedging related risks that result from traditional CfD agreements in day-ahead electricity markets. In this paper, we design the logic of the financial instrument, translate this logic to smart contract codes and demonstrate its expected performance. Overall, the proposed financial instrument has the benefits of reducing hedging related risks inherent in traditional CfDs. Likewise, it enables secure, efficient, cost-effective, consistent, reliable, transparent and frictionless transactions between contracting parties in a CfD agreement.<br>

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