Retail Regulation in England and Wales: The Results of a Survey

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1399-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Blomley
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Local Compliance

Debates on the Shops Act (1950), which regulates the hours and conditions of retail employment and operation in England and Wales, have largely occurred in ignorance of the realities of enforcement at local level. This paper, drawing upon a postal survey and official prosecution statistics, is an attempt to examine spatial, temporal, and sectoral variations in proceedings and offenders. The findings seem to reflect the breakdown in local compliance with the Act. This can be related to the major restructuring of some sectors of retail capital. It also seems that enforcement is locally specific. The Act, in other words, is not applied, but interpreted at local level in the light of place-specific conditions.

scholarly journals Facilities for carers of in-patients in forensic psychiatric services in England and Wales

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cormac ◽  
Drew Lindon ◽  
Hannah Jones ◽  
Trevor Gedeon ◽  
Michael Ferriter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Mental Health Settings ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Minority Ethnic ◽  
Psychiatric Facilities

Aims and methodA postal survey of forensic psychiatric facilities in England and Wales was undertaken to obtain information about the services provided for carers of in-patients within these services.ResultsForensic psychiatric services vary in the support and facilities provided for carers. Many do not comply with current legislation for carers. Most units informed carers of their rights to have an assessment, but only a minority provided facilities for carers from Black and minority ethnic backgrounds.Clinical implicationsForensic psychiatric services should meet standards for the involvement and support of carers in mental health settings, and comply with legislation for carers.

Estimating Spatially Consistent Interaction Flows Across Three Censuses

2010 ◽  
pp. 242-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Feng ◽  
Paul Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Interaction Data ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Commuting Flows ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Flows Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Geographical Units

A significant problem facing geographical researchers who wish to compare migration and commuting flows over time is that the boundaries of the geographical areas, between which flows are recorded, often change. This chapter describes an innovative method for re-estimating the migration and commuting data collected in the 1981 and 1991 Censuses for the geographical units used in the 2001 Census. The estimated interaction data are provided as origin-destination flow matrices for wards in England and Wales and pseudo-postcode sectors in Scotland. Altogether, there were about 10,000 zones in 1981, 1991 and 2001, providing huge but sparsely populated matrices of 10,000 by 10,000 cells. Because of the changing boundaries during inter-censal periods, virtually no work has attempted to compare local level migration and commuting flows in the two decades, 1981-91 and 1991-2001. The re-estimated spatially consistent interaction flows described here allow such comparisons to be made and we use migration change in England and commuting change in Liverpool to demonstrate the value of these new data.

scholarly journals Invented Communities and Social Vulnerability: The Local Post-Disaster Dynamics of Extreme Environmental Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Lidskog
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Event ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Swedish History ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper investigates post-disaster dynamics at the local level, in particular how local identity and social cohesion are affected after an extreme event. A particular case is investigated: the largest forest fire in modern Swedish history, which took place in 2014. The empirical material consists of interviews with forest professionals and organizations involved with the fire or the post-fire work and a postal survey to all people directly affected by the wildfire. The analysis finds that the experience of the wildfire and its social interpretation led to the invention of a particular community identity, one that strengthened the self-understanding of the community. Thus, the post-disaster dynamics are pivotal for what social practices that emerge and what local identities are invented and thus may greatly affect the capacity of a community to handle extreme events.

FC03-05 - An evaluation of service provision by community drug treatment services for opioid dependent pregnant drug users in England and Wales

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1826-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Perez-Montejano ◽  
E. Finch ◽  
K. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Home Office ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Methadone Dosage ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Opioid Users

IntroductionOver the last decade a series of guidelines and recommendations have been published in the UK by the Department of Health, the Home Office, Professional and Non-Professional bodies. However, an optimal strategy and consensus in the management and care of opioid dependent pregnant users has yet to be established.ObjectivesDetermination of existing methods for identifying and managing pregnancy in opioid users prescribed methadone by NHS Treatment Services and regional differences.AimTo survey the management, treatment and follow-up of pregnant opioid users prescribed methadone by Drug Treatment Services in England and Wales.MethodsIn 2006 a POSTAL survey was conducted among 223 Community Drug Treatment Services (CDTS).ResultsSixty-six percent of CDTS responded to the survey (n = 154/233). A Chi-square, Mann_Whitney U Test and/or Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed significant differences in the composition of CDTS and service provision across regions. Half of CDTS (55.3%) provided a methadone dosage regime lower than that recommended for non-pregnant drug users. There were also significant variations on how professionals approached the management of pregnant opioid users. CDTS with an addiction specialist were significantly more likely (p < .01) to advocate high doses of methadone whereas those with a midwife, obstetrician or social worker involved were more likely (p < .05) to suggest low dose methadone and/or detoxification.ConclusionsService provision for pregnant opioid users is comprehensive but there is still variability in some aspects of the treatment received. The way in which methadone is prescribed is not always optimal. Further work is required in this area.

scholarly journals Composing a National Picture from Local Scenes: New and Future Insights into the Fertility Transition

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eilidh Garrett ◽  
Alice Reid
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
Level Of Understanding

This contribution examines the relationship between local population studies and the national picture by considering the example of the Victorian fertility transition in England and Wales. It begins by summarising the history of research into the fertility decline. It then describes a recent project, the Atlas of Fertility Decline, which has used the newly available machine-readable data on individuals from the censuses from 1851 to 1911 to estimate fertility at the level of the registration sub-district. The results from the project can be used to highlight geographical variations in fertility at the regional and local level. Explaining the patterns observed, though, will require detailed local studies. New resources that are being opened up for researchers interested in such issues in their local community, in their county, in their region or in the nation as a whole, make the pursuit and attainment of answers possible. New light can be thrown on local scenes that will each add a piece of the jigsaw which, when completed, will bring a whole new level of understanding of the complex puzzle that is the fertility transition in England and Wales.

A survey of dizziness management in General Practice

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Jayarajan ◽  
D. Rajenderkumar
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Age Group ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Health Authorities

There is little information in the current literature about the management of dizziness in Primary Care (General Practice). An attempt was made to evaluate this by carrying out a postal survey of General Practitioners’ (GPs) treatment methods in four Health Authorities in England and Wales. The survey revealed that eight out of every 1000 individuals are likely to consult their GP on account of dizziness in a 12-month period. The symptom is mostcommon in the 60–80 years’ age group, with ’labyrinthitis’ being the commonest diagnosis. In the majority of cases (74.9 per cent) there was an improvement in the symptoms and only 13 per cent were referred to a specialist clinic. The survey also highlighted the need for additional resources to improve the management of these patients.

scholarly journals Carer-centred care: general practice support to family caregivers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Michelle Pyer ◽  
Jackie Campbell ◽  
Alison Ward
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Method Approach

Rationale, aims and objectivesIn February 2009 the UK’s Department of Health invited bids for funding to host demonstrator sites in order to test new approaches to working with and for carers within the national Carers’ Strategy [1; 2]. This paper discusses some of the findings of the local level evaluation of one of the host sites, situated in Northamptonshire.  MethodsA mixed-method approach was used to gather data from a range of participant groups. This paper presents the findings of two of those methods; a postal survey of carers and an audit of support offered by general practices. ResultsThe findings of the evaluation show a considerable improvement in the extent to which carers’ roles were identified by their surgeries, however there is a need to ensure that this information is recorded and used in ways which benefit carers. Carers noted challenges in dealing with practice staff, particularly administrative staff who were not aware of their needs. Practices noted a range of services which were offered to carers, however carers were not always aware that these were available, suggesting that further publication of these opportunities is needed. ConclusionsThe paper argues the importance of the role undertaken by carers, and signals the range of ways in which General Practice can support or inhibit these activities.

Creating Spatially Compatible Flow Datasets from Three British Censuses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Feng ◽  
Paul Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Flow Data ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Commuting Flows ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Geographical Units

This paper describes a novel method for re-estimating the migration and commuting data collected in the 1981 and 1991 Censuses for the geographical units used in the 2001 Census in the UK. The estimated flow data are provided as origin-destination flow matrices for wards in England and Wales and pseudo-postcode sectors in Scotland. Altogether, there were about 10,000 zones in 1981, 1991 and 2001, providing huge but sparsely populated matrices of 10,000 by 10,000 cells. Thanks to the boundary changes during inter-censal periods, virtually no work has attempted to compare local level migration and commuting flows in the two decades, 1981-91 and 1991-2001. The re-estimated spatially consistent interaction flows described here provide an opportunity for such comparisons to be made and we use migration change in England and commuting change in Birmingham to demonstrate the value of these new data.

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