Designing Secondary School Catchment Areas Using Goal Programming

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M S Sutcliffe ◽  
J L G Board
Keyword(s):  
Goal Programming ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
Decision Variable ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Weighted Goal Programming ◽  
Multiperiod Models ◽  
Using Data

Falling school rolls have necessitated the widespread revision öf school catchment areas. It is argued that an appropriate technique for solving this problem is weighted goal programming. A study of Reading has shown that this technique is feasible and can produce results that dominate those produced by the ad hoc methods of the local education authority. Since goal programming is a very flexible technique, various ways of developing this approach to designing catchment areas are considered. Among these developments are the inclusion of additional goals (such as safety, parental choice, and compactness), goal interaction, allowance for the effects of parental choice, multiperiod models incorporating school closures, and the allocation of entire primary schools. The effects of the redefinition of the decision variable to require the joint allocation of the boys and girls at the same primary school are investigated using data for Reading.

scholarly journals From Catchment Areas to Parental Choice: Education Policy Reforms and Their Effects on School Segregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Ramos Lobato
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Admission System

Parents’ selective school choices play a key role in exacerbating school segregation across the globe. As a result, numerous studies have investigated parents’ choice practices, while less attention has been paid to the role of the institutional context itself. Taking the introduction of free primary school choice in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, as an example, in this article, I seek to provide insights into the motivations behind the policy reform and its subsequent effects. The article illustrates how the new admission system changes not only the roles, motivations, and strategies of parents, but also those of primary schools. Consequently, the abolition of primary school catchment areas led neither to more equality in choice nor to a responsible competition between primary schools. Instead, it reinforces social divisions and symbolic differences between primary schools.

scholarly journals Much Ado about Nothing? The Role of Primary School Catchment Areas For Ethnic School Segregation: Evidence From a Policy Reform

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Makles ◽  
Kerstin Schneider
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Much Ado About Nothing ◽  
School Year ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data

Abstract By the 2008/09 school year the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) abolished binding school catchment areas in all municipalities. The reform has been controversial and it was feared that school choice would increase ethnic segregation. Using data on all primary schools we contribute to this debate by analyzing ethnic segregation before and after the reform. We discuss drawbacks of commonly used segregation indices and their interpretation as well as causality issues. Although there is an increase in segregation over the time period studied, our results show that segregation has not been affected by the policy reform.

Taking Part, Joining in, and Being Heard?

2020 ◽  
pp. 475-494
Author(s):  
Perpetua Kirby ◽  
Rebecca Webb
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
School Life ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
The Voice

This chapter explores how Article 12 and the voice of the child are implemented. The chapter does so by making specific reference to ways in which children express themselves within two different English primary schools. The chapter introduces Article 12 as a commitment to giving due attention to children’s experiences. Using data vignettes, the chapter illustrates the value of paying attention to children by focusing on the micro moments of everyday school life. The chapter argues that children’s participation is necessarily political, suggesting that participation must be read as such and demonstrating how it is often subsumed within powerful dominant schooling discourses of conformity within different governmental climates that are regarded as beyond politics. The chapter identifies limited possibilities for transformation in the study’s research sites, discussed in terms of children achieving agency and enacting their own subjectivities. This is apparent even within the less coercive ethos of a school participating in the Rights Respecting Schools Initiative (UNICEF). The chapter argues that in order to open up possible transformational participatory spaces, adults in schools need to require opportunities to reflect together on the tensions within their own educational contexts and between supporting children’s participation and their conformity to wider schooling discourses. The chapter suggests that the provision of such opportunities will help to keep a focus on listening to children in line with the ambitions of Article 12.

Good times, bad times: the stock market performance of firms that own high value brands

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 670-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Voss ◽  
Mayoor Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Performance ◽  
Stock Market Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Executive Officers

Purpose The purpose of the this paper is to correct a deficiency in the published literature by examining the share price performance of firms that own high-value brands in uptrending, downtrending and sideways markets. Design/methodology/approach The authors examined stock price performance for an index of firms that owned brands in the Interbrand list of the “Best Global Brands” from 2001 through 2009 using the Fama-French method. Findings The authors’ index outperformed the Standard & Poor’s 500 when the market was up or downtrending, but not when it moved sideways. Research limitations/implications The authors find that an index of firms that own the produced better returns than the Standard & Poor’s 500 market index. Owning highly valued brands may be a marketplace signal to the investing community regarding the firm’s management acumen. Practical implications Owning high-value brands seems to influence share price performance, a metric used to judge chief executive officers. Thus, brand investments align with the shareholders’ interest. The authors help alleviate the perception (Challagalla et al., 2014) that marketing managers make investments on an ad hoc basis. Originality/value For the first time, the authors evaluate the effect of owning one or more of the world’s most valuable brands on the market value of common stock using data from downtrending, uptrending and no-trend periods. This research is also among the first to introduce volatility into the Fama-French method and it is an important explanatory variable. This paper’s approach has interesting comparisons to other papers taking a similar analytical approach.

scholarly journals A knowledge system proposal with weighted goal programming approach for multi-criteria dea model and an application

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-438
Author(s):  
Tugba Polat ◽  
Safak Kiris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis Model ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Weighted Goal Programming

In today's competitive environment, enterprises should use their resources correctly; they should continuously improve themselves and work efficiently. It is important to evaluate the performances of the units under the same conditions in enterprises according to each other, to see the current situations and to determine appropriate improvements in necessary points. One of the commonly used approaches to performance evaluation is Data Envelopment Analysis. Many approaches have been developed for the Data Envelopment Analysis model, and Goal programming using in multi-objective decision making solutions approaches is one of them. Goal Programming gives decision-makers the opportunity to evaluate many objectives together in the decision-making process. In this study, classical Data Envelopment Analysis and weighted goal programming approach for multi-criteria data envelopment analysis model was applied in the evaluation process of the projects worked in an automotive supplier industry. A knowledge system has also been proposed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the projects periodically and to include new projects or conditions into the evaluation.

scholarly journals All for one and one for all? Leadership approaches in complementary schools

2020 ◽  
pp. 174114322097128
Author(s):  
Linet Arthur ◽  
Ana Souza
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Small Primary ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Leadership Approaches

This article explores the nature of leadership in Brazilian complementary schools in the UK. Such schools are typically parent-driven, voluntary and financially vulnerable. Using data from a questionnaire survey ( n=14; more than three-quarters of Brazilian complementary schools) and three in-depth case studies, leadership is examined in relation to five established approaches: directive, instructional, transformational, distributed and collaborative. The study found that the size of the school and the personality of the leader appeared to influence the type of leadership adopted. In terms of effectiveness, a combination of instructional leadership with an approach that motivated staff and volunteers (whether directive, collaborative or transformational, depending on the school’s circumstances) seemed most appropriate to the context of complementary schools. The research illustrates the complexity of school leadership and the overlap between different models. Leadership flexibility was important in responding to the needs of staff, students and parents. The findings are transferable to mainstream schools with contexts similar to those of complementary schools, particularly small primary schools and free schools.

scholarly journals New Insights into the Design and Application of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring System for the Assessment of the Good Environmental Status in Spanish Marine Waters

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5353
Author(s):  
Guillermo Lara ◽  
Ramón Miralles ◽  
Manuel Bou-Cabo ◽  
José Antonio Esteban ◽  
Víctor Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Passive Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Acoustic Signatures ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Boat Traffic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
User Friendly

Passive acoustic monitoring systems allow for non-invasive monitoring of underwater species and anthropogenic noise. One of these systems has been developed keeping in mind the need to create a user-friendly tool to obtain the ambient noise indicators, while at the same time providing a powerful tool for marine scientists and biologists to progress in studying the effect of human activities on species and ecosystems. The device is based on a low-power processor with ad-hoc electronics, ensuring that the system has efficient energy management, and that the storage capacity is large enough to allow deployments for long periods. An application is presented using data from an acoustic campaign done in 2018 at El Gorguel (Cartagena, Spain). The results show a good agreement between theoretical maps created using AIS data and the ambient noise level indicators measured in the frequency bands of 63 Hz and 125 Hz specified in the directive 11 of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Using a 2D representation, these ambient noise indicators have enabled repetitive events and daily variations in boat traffic to be identified. The ship noise registered can also be used to track ships by using the acoustic signatures of the engine propellers’ noise.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document